Analysis of the problems of legal regulation of piracy. Investigation of the state of robbery in the law of the sea. Finding ways to effectively respond to the growing renaissance of illegal activities at sea. Conducting acts of armed burglary of ships.

Communication as a phenomenon. The main criterion for selection of emotive units. Emotivity i as a part of word’s connotation, connected with its subjective-evaluative meaning and expresses a subjective attitude of the speaker to the subject of speech.

The results of the free association experiment with the stimulus word "playfulness". Revealing common and specific features of respondents representing different "profession types". The impact of professional activity on the understanding of playfulness.

Key concepts related to multicultural education issues. Using a multilingual approach in discourse classes. Teaching or learning a phraseology at the level of a close native. The definition of plurilingual and pluralistic competence by students.

Traditions of a giving a name at a christening. Features of formation and use of diminutives in the Polish language. History of occurrence of the Polish surnames, their classification and features of the letter, and also the list of most known of them.

Politeness as a subject of scientific research, its concept, strategy and sociological factors. Culture-specific aspects of the implementation strategy of politeness. Analysis of excerpts from "Rose Madder", "Pig Island", "Hanging Hill" and "Duma Key".

The article analyses the political and ideological contexts of the war in Ukraine and investigates language means used to verbalise discursive strategies. Political actors are researched by a three-level analytical framework for textual analysis.

The political discourse influences the audience not only with the help of linguistic and stylistic means, but also with psychological ones. Various researchers point out these methods within the context of different theories. A speech into the logos.

The concept of discourse in various scientific schools. Study of the British Conservative Party and the US Republican Party. Differences between linguistic means and discourse strategies of politicians who are in favor of and against the Brexit deal.

This concept of political discourse. The concept of political discourse presupposes knowledge of the socio-cultural background. Political discourse is considered as a weapon of political struggle by analyzing the linguistic features of English discourse.

The article presents an overview of the main trends and approaches to the study of political discourse. The main functions of political discourse are informative, instrumental, prognostic, normative, legitimating, persuasive and political propaganda.

The style of the official documents. The translation: aims and objectives. The main features of the political document. The peculiarities of the translation of the political document. The lexical, grammatical and stylistic difficulties in translation.

Consideration a resource approach to the study political Internet discourse, which is productive due to its representativeness regarding the features of the communicative process. Political Internet discourse is presented as a special type of discourse.

Combination of verbal and non-verbal components of memes. Creation of an information entity that is capable of self-reproduction of the representation of a linguistic personality at the phonetic, cognitive, and pragmatic levels of political discourse.

The interest in studying the canonization of rulers is justified in order to find the key to understanding the psychology and mentality of the people, the mythological, religious features of national life. Mythological component of political leadership.

Strategies and tactics for neutralizing the negative effect of political mega-discourse. Linguistic realization of influence on the example of speeches of political leaders of European countries, news texts. The specifics of the trolling strategy.

Analysis of the features of linguistic implementation of influence. Evaluation of the specificity of the trolling strategy, the purpose of which is either to escalate the emotionality and falsehood of the information presented in the original text.

Features of linguo-argumentative strategies of political discourse. Comparative analysis of Churchill's political speech in Ukrainian and Russian translations in order to study the techniques used to achieve pragmatic equivalence with the original texts.

A constitutional monarchy of Great Britain. Buckingham Palace as the Queen residence in London. The Parliament as the supreme legislative body and the highest authority in a country. The three official branches of the federal government in the USA.

Specific features of the studies of Ivan Franko archetypes of similarities, differences in Ukrainian and Polish linguistic cultures. "Galician-Russian folk bywords" - one of the unique source for the analysis of loanwords in the Ukrainian language.

Issues of application of adaptive strategies in the process of cultural integration taking place in the conditions of multilingualism and aggregation of intercultural elements. Essence of polycode as a strategic resource of intercultural communication.

The looks into the polycultural aspects of ethnic literatures of Russia translated into the Russian language. The retrospective analysis of ethnic text traditions and compare it with new experimental data of Yakut and Buryat texts in Russian translations.

Analysis of the theme of the importance of polylinguism in Kazakhstan Republic. Value of mastering three languages competently (Kazakh, Russian and English). A unique project "Trinity of languages". The status of the Kazakh, Russian and English languages.

Polysemy as a wonderful treasure and perpetual value of every spoken language. The most important characteristics of polysemy. A semantic property of a word, which appeared in the social life. Polysemy and monosemy. The difficulty in distinguishing.

Opening of maintenance of polysemy as systems of polisemanticy and variant of value of word are in a language. Concept of homonym, his sounding, pronunciation, variations of values and general classification of sources. Linguistic nature of morphemes.

The term "polysemy" in linguistics, the multiplicity of meanings. The processes of the semantic development of the word. The importance and key aspects of synonyms in the English language. Etymological doublets, their value, the appearance and types.

The problem of polysemy in modern English terminology within the special subsystem of terms - pump engineering. A polysemantic lexical unit has a hierarchically organized structure of meanings. It consists of indivisible elementary semantic units.

Analyzes lexeme with a figurative sense to denote negative actions and processes used in the language of modern Ukrainian periodicals. It was investigated that at the XXI century authors of mass-media material actively use words with a figurative sense.

Features of the implementation of environmental policy of the European Union through economic mechanisms and instruments for its implementation. Analysis of the possibility of introducing European approaches for preserving the environment in Ukraine.

Analysis of the semantic changes of the term "Californication", which appeared in the American language culture for a little over 50 years. Adaptation of vocabulary of political discourse used on media platforms. Tracking the way this word appeared.