Professional training of musicians-perform the Madrid Royal Conservatory
Summarizing of the experience of the Madrid Royal Conservatory, the professional training of musicians-performers at specialized departments in certain specialties. Improving of the art of playing various musical instruments and conducting techniques.
Рубрика | Педагогика |
Вид | статья |
Язык | английский |
Дата добавления | 20.09.2024 |
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Communal Institution of Higher Education «Academy of Culture and Arts» of the Transcarpathian Regional Council
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF MUSICIANS-PERFORM THE MADRID ROYAL CONSERVATORY
CHERKASOV Volodymyr Fedorovych
doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor,
professor of the department of musical art
Анотація
ЧЕРКАСОВ Володимир Федорович. ПРОФЕСІЙНА ПІДГОТОВКА МУЗИКАНТІВ-ВИКОНАВЦІВ В МАДРИДСЬКІЙ КОРОЛІВСЬКІЙ КОНСЕРВАТОРІЇ
У статті узагальнено досвід роботи Мадридської Королівської консерваторії, професійну підготовку музикантів-виконавців. Навчальний процес забезпечують високопрофесійні фахівці світового рівня. У різні історичні періоди до складу консерваторії входили фахові кафедри, з-поміж яких: кафедра композиції та музичних технологій, кафедра старовинної музики, кафедра струнних інструментів, кафедра музикознавства, кафедра ансамблевого виконавства, кафедра музичної педагогіки, кафедра імпровізації та додаткового фортепіано, кафедра клавішних інструментів, кафедра фортепіано, кафедра дерев'яних духових інструментів.
Ключові слова: Мадридська Королівська консерваторі, професійна підготовка, фахові кафедри.
Annotation
CHERKASOV Volodymyr Fedorovych. PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF MUSICIANS-PERFORMERS AT THE MADRID ROYAL CONSERVATORY
The article summarizes the experience of the Madrid Royal Conservatory, the professional training of musiciansperformers at specialized departments in certain specialties. Spain can be considered the center of musical culture and education of the member states of the European Union, and Spanish youth are proud to study in higher educational institutions and receive musical education under the guidance of talented teachers.
The Royal Conservatory of Madrid has a wide range of academic offerings with different specialties: piano, organ, guitar, accordion, harp, clarinet, flute, recorder, baroque flute, bassoon, oboe, saxophone, percussion, horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba, violin, cello, double bass, baroque violin, baroque cello, viola and gamba, renaissance and baroque instruments.
Composition, conducting, pedagogy and musicology occupy a prominent place among the curriculum disciplines. Today, more than 600 students study at the conservatory, and 140 teachers work in specialized departments.
The educational process is provided by highly professional world-class experts. In various historical periods, the conservatory included specialized departments, among which: the department of composition and music technologies, the department of early music, the department of string instruments, the department of musicology, the department of ensemble performance, the department of music pedagogy, the department of improvisation and additional piano, the department of keyboard instruments, piano department, woodwind instrument department.
The professional training of musical performers at the Royal Conservatory of Madrid, which is considered the cultural and educational center of the Spanish capital, was started in 1830. During its existence, the educational institution graduated world-famous performers and composers. The teachers of the specialized departments of the conservatory direct their efforts to improve the art of playing various musical instruments, and also teach students conducting techniques, pedagogy and musicology.
Future musicians-performers receive professional training at specialized departments, namely: the department of composition and music technologies; department of early music; department of stringed instruments; department of musicology; department of ensemble performance; department of music pedagogy; department of improvisation and additional piano; department of keyboard instruments; piano department; department of woodwind instruments.
Keywords: Madrid Royal Conservatory, professional training, specialist departments. madrid royal conservatory musical
Formulation and justification of the relevance of the problem
In different periods of historical development, Spain took the lead in European cultural heritage. She gave the world famous sculptors and painters, composers and opera performers, among them: Pablo Sarasate and Joaquin Vidre Rodrigo, Isaac Albeniz and Manuel de Falla, Jose Carreras and Placido Domingo, Penelope Cruz and Javier Bardem, Antonio Banderas and Montserrat Caballero In such a situation, Spain can be considered the center of musical culture and education of the member states of the European Union, and Spanish youth are proud to study in higher educational institutions and receive musical education under the guidance of talented teachers.
Analysis of recent research and publications
Research into the organization and content of music education and art studies is carried out by foreign and domestic scientists, including: P. Bondarchuk, N. Gerasimova-Persidska, U. Grab, N. Guralnyk, I. Dovgalyuk, A. Yefimenko, T. Ivannikov, Kiyanovska, V Kozlin, G. Lyashenko, A. Martyniuk, M. Mykhaylenko, G. Nikolai, M. Novakovich, O. Oleksyuk, V. Palamarchuk, V. Sydorenko, T. Smirnova, I. Stashevska, V. Cherkasov, K. Shamayeva, S. Ship, and others. The content of our article complements the scientific research of scientists and enables the definition and justification of pedagogical conditions that significantly affect the formation of professional competence of future musicians-peformers.
The purpose of the article is to substantiate the main directions and conditions of professional training of musicians-performers at the Madrid Royal Conservatory.
Presentation of the main research material
The centers for training specialists in the field of musical art in Spain are public and private educational institutions in Madrid and Barcelona. It was in these cities that famous figures of the musical culture of Spain studied. So, the leading educational institutions are:
> Madrid Royal Conservatory;
> Liceu Conservatory, Barcelona;
> Jesus de Monasterio Conservatory, Santander;
> Higher School of Music of Queen Sofia, Madrid;
> TAI University School of Arts and Installations (a branch of the King Juan Carlos University), Madrid;
> Berklee College of Music, Valencia Campus.
The Royal Conservatory of Madrid (Real Conservatorio Superior de Musica de Madrid) is Spain's leading higher education institution in the field of music. The conservatory was founded by the decree of King Ferdinand VII of July 15, 1830, and later the institution was under the patronage of Queen Maria Christina.
After the end of the civil war in Spain in 1852, there was a stabilization of the educational process in the conservatory, which led to the reform of the education system in 1857, which divided the educational process into an elementary course and a course of higher mastery. In 1925, the theater building that housed the conservatory was closed, and for the next forty years the conservatory traveled to different premises, returning to the theater building only in 1966.
Today, students study at the music institution both full-time and part-time, free of charge and paid. The Madrid Conservatory cooperates with the Liceu Conservatory, as well as with the School of Higher Education and with universities in Spain. The higher education institution offers a wide range of academic offerings with different specialties: piano, organ, guitar, accordion, harp, clarinet, flute, recorder, baroque transverse flute, bassoon, oboe, saxophone, percussion, horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba, violin, cello, double bass, baroque violin, baroque cello, viola and gamba, renaissance and baroque instruments. The disciplines also include composition, conducting, pedagogy and musicology. Today, more than 600 students study at the conservatory, and 140 teachers work in specialized departments.
The Royal Conservatory of Madrid has several orchestras and chamber ensembles: symphonic, classical, string and baroque orchestras. The educational institution has a sufficient number of auditoriums in which concerts, master classes and public lectures-concerts are held. The teachers and students of the conservatory organize regular concerts at the National Auditorium, Reina Sofia Museum, Real Academia de Bellas, Artes de San Fernando or Residencia de Estudiantes.
The educational process is provided by highly professional world-class specialists. In various historical periods, the conservatory included specialized departments, among which: the department of composition and music technologies, the department of early music, the department of string instruments, the department of musicology, the department of ensemble performance, the department of music pedagogy, the department of improvisation and additional piano, the department of keyboard instruments, piano department, woodwind instrument department.
The RCSMM Department of Composition and Music Technologies offers students modern conditions for studying and prospects for further work and gaining artistic experience. RCSMM provides students with the opportunity to perform their works with a symphony orchestra, chamber orchestra, string orchestra, baroque orchestra, contemporary orchestra, big band, brass band, and more. It is valuable that the Sinfonietta del centro program is used in the preparation of compositions and musical works of various forms. Students' works are performed at such prestigious venues as the National Music Auditorium, the concert hall of the Queen Sofia Art Museum, the Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando, etc.Joint projects are developed annually with the Escuela Superior de Canto de Madrid, with the Joven Orchestra of the Community of Madrid, with the Higher School of Dance and other institutions. In addition, interdisciplinary and performative projects are being developed, as well as sound art projects in cooperation with students of the sonology specialty. RCSMM cooperates in the powerful international Erasmus - project, where students of each course are offered co-creation with specialists of the European level (composers, musicologists, etc.). In addition, students participate in the Opera Studio project.
Every year, in addition to concerts, Days of Modern Music, conference areas at conferences, and round tables are held, which provide an opportunity for students to present their works. The RCSMM also offers a Master's program (New Technologies in Contemporary Music: Creation and Interpretation), which allows for continuation of postgraduate studies and opens access to the completion of a doctoral degree in a system of collaboration between the Polytechnic University of Madrid and the RCSMM [1].
RCSMM's Department of Early Music prepares future performing musicians who learn to play musical instruments such as: recorder, baroque violin, baroque cello, viola da gamba, lute-viuela, and baroque guitar. According to the educational program, students play in duets, trios, quartets, participate in baroque and chamber orchestras.
The department of stringed instruments provides professional training for students learning to play stringed and bowed instruments. Bachelor's and master's curricula are aimed at the development of technical and artistic skills of playing a particular musical instrument, the development of individual abilities and the formation of professional competences of each student.
Students' stage and performing abilities are formed in individual classes, public auditions, in the process of participation in master classes, concerts, competitions, participation in chamber ensembles and orchestra groups, conducting scientific research work, and in the process of teaching playing a musical instrument in the conservatory and in its limits.
The department of musicology was opened in 1974. Teachers and students of the department use the best music library in Spain and one of the most powerful in the world, where they find primary sources not only from art history, but also from anthropology, aesthetics, sociology, iconography, psychology, flamencology, etc. The department has a collection of historical musical instruments, among which the Stradivari Sarasate instrument set stands out [1].
The department of ensemble performance is one of the departments of the Royal Conservatory of Madrid with the largest number of students who are motivated to study such disciplines as: orchestral conducting, choral conducting, choir, orchestra, ensembles of small forms, ensembles of modern music and singing.
The teachers of the department of ensemble performance involve students not only in collective forms of music making, but also train future performers in individual specialization, such as directing. This is a specialty where students get the knowledge necessary to prepare a concert program.
The RCSMM Department of Music Pedagogy began its activities in 1993. The training of future teachers is carried out in two directions: one in the theory and history of musical pedagogy, and the other in instrumental pedagogy. Educational programs are aimed at training future music teachers for educational and art institutions of various accreditation levels: mass secondary schools, music schools, art institutions of secondary education, conservatories, private cultural and educational institutions, cultural and educational centers.
RCSMM's Music Pedagogy curriculum includes subjects such as: Music Pedagogy, Music Psychology, History of Music Pedagogy, Music Teaching Techniques, Basic Metrorhythms, Vocal Training, Audio Pedagogy, New Learning Technologies, Music Theory, Basic Musical Instrument, composition, etc. In addition, a prominent place is occupied by the students' passing of pedagogical practice, which allows to bring future teachers closer to the realities of school life.
The department of improvisation and additional piano consists of two sections: improvisation, accompaniment and additional piano. On the one hand, the subject of improvisation, perceived as creating music in real time, gives students the opportunity to create music based on different genres and styles. On the other hand, such subjects as reading sheet music and reading orchestral scores are absolutely necessary for the development of a future musician and conductor who plans to work as a concertmaster, accompanist for vocalists or choreographers, and a teacher of various disciplines of professional education.
The department of keyboard instruments provides training for accordion and piano majors. During their studies, students participate in public performances in various formats. These can be such cultural and artistic events as: concerts at venues in Madrid (Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando, Student Residence, Queen Sofia Museum, etc.); creative projects that take place in the National Philharmonic of Madrid and other auditoriums, etc. Students also have the opportunity to participate in master classes with renowned masters or seminars in disciplines related to musical performance. Each year RCSMM student pianists participate in national and international competitions where they receive prizes and recognition. And finally, thanks to the Erasmus - program, students have the opportunity to study in schools all over Europe and share knowledge with musicians from other countries around the world.
The piano department consists of teachers who conduct individual lessons with student pianists (a total of12 credits, one hour per week for four courses). Pianist teachers work in-depth with students on the interpretation of piano works, develop technical and artistic abilities in future pianists.
The department of woodwind instruments provides training for specialists who learn to play the flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and saxophone. Extensive experience of working in an orchestra, concert performances and work in the auditorium makes the teaching staff of the department a highly specialized group for training future performers. The training programs are designed in such a way that students are competitive in the global labor market that will open to them after completing their studies. With this approach, teachers direct their efforts: to increase students' auditory activity, which is necessary for maximum mastery of the sound and expressive capabilities of the instrument; development of the skills of reading sheet music; development of students' skills of an independent approach to the interpretation of works written for a particular musical instrument, according to the author's text, style and genre of music; preparing students for solo performances, participation in chamber ensembles and orchestral ensembles.
The department of wind percussion instruments was established in 2006. The instrumental training of brass and percussion students at RCSMM is based on the following subjects: principal instrument, additional: trumpet and piccolo trumpet, French horn and Wagner tuba, ophicleide or cymbasso, orchestral repertoire, brass ensembles and brass band, organological basics, repertoire with piano accompaniment, breathing and relaxation techniques.
Teachers and students of the department participate in an interfaculty project, together with such specialties as composition, sonology and directing, where it is necessary to establish contacts, combine efforts and enthusiasm of performers, composer and director in search of new concepts, formats and modern innovations and experimental models, as well as trends and possibilities of new approaches to the interpretation of musical works.
Conclusions and prospects for further research directly
So, professional training of musicians at the Royal Conservatory of Madrid, which is considered the cultural and educational center of the Spanish capital, was started in 1830. During its existence, the educational institution graduated world-famous performers and composers. The teachers of the specialized departments of the conservatory direct their efforts to improve the art of playing various musical instruments, and also teach students conducting techniques, pedagogy and musicology. Future musicians-performers receive professional training at specialized departments, namely: the department of composition and music technologies, the department of early music, the department of stringed instruments, the department of musicology, the department of ensemble performance, the department of music pedagogy, the department of improvisation and additional piano, the department of keyboard instruments, the department piano, department of woodwind instruments.
Prospects for further scientific research may be related to the generalization of the experience of organizing educational and concert performance activities and professional training of musicians in other institutions of higher education in Spain.
Список джерел
1. Мадридська королівська консерваторія. 2011.URL:https://rcsmm.eu/estudios/departamentos/?m=2&s=4
2. Мадридська королівська консерваторія. 1ст. Навчальна програма. 2011. Музикознавство. URL:https://rcsmm.eu/download.php?table=sn_repositorio&id=161
3. Мадридська королівська консерваторія. 1 ст. Навчальна програма. 2011. Педагогіка. https://rcsmm. eu/download.php?table=sn_repositorio&id=326
4. Мадридська королівська консерваторія. Кафедра композиції. ESTUDIAR composicion en el real conservatorio superior de musica de Madrid URL: https://moodle.rcsmm.eu/doc/Info composicion.pdf
References
1. Madryds'ka korolivs'ka konservatoriya. (2011). [Madrid Royal Conservatory].
2. Madryds 'ka korolivs 'ka konservatoriya.lst. Navchal 'na prohrama. Muzykoznavstvo. (2011). [Madrid Royal Conservatory. 1 st. Curriculum. Musicology]. Madrid.
3. Madryds'ka korolivs'ka konservatoriya. l st. Navchal'na prohrama. Pedahohika. (2011). [Madrid Royal Conservatory. 1 Art. Curriculum. Pedagogy]. Madrid.
4. Madryds'ka korolivs'ka konservatoriya. Kafedra kompozytsiyi. ESTUDIAR composicion enel real conservatorio superior de musica de Madrid. [Madrid Royal Conservatory. Department of composition. ESTUDIAR composicion en el real conservatorio superior de musica de Madrid]. Madrid.
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