Features of independent work by students of specialty 223 "Nursing" in the process of studying the educational discipline "Methodology of scientific and research work" in the period of wars

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Zhytomyr Medical Institute of Zhytomyr Regional Council

Features of independent work by students of specialty 223 "Nursing" in the process of studying the educational discipline "Methodology of scientific and research work" in the period of wars

V.M. Kosenko

Abstract

educational knowledge student

The article analyzes the features of carrying out independent work by the higher education seekers of specialty 223 “Nursing” in the process of studying the “Methodology of Research Work” academic discipline during russia's full-scale war against Ukraine. Special attention is paid to the matter that tasks for independent work should be of different level of complexity and small in scope, but thoughtful and interconnected. This will allow students to have a holistic view when studying the academic discipline, focusing on the main thing. In time of war the higher education seekers should choose independently the most optimal option for completing tasks, as well as the time and conditions for doing it. The instructor should take into account the psychological state, individual interests, abilities, degree of readiness of students for studying. It is pointed out that the seekers of higher education should be fully provided with the necessary educational materials so that problems related to the unstable Internet connection do not become an obstacle to the implementation of planned work. Self-study of educational material makes it possible for the students to gain new knowledge, form their own opinion on the problems studied, expand the range of their interests, and contribute to the development of individual vital and professionally important qualities. During the period of hostilities young people need to be interested, captivated by the educational process, distracted from depressing thoughts, set up for success.

Key words: independent work; significance; students; hostilities.

В.М. Косенко

Житомирський медичний інститут Житомирської обласної ради

Особливості проведення самостійної роботи студентами спеціальності 223 «Медсестринство» в процесі вивчення навчальної дисципліни «Методологія науково-дослідної роботи» у період воєнних дій

Анотація

У статті проаналізовано особливості проведення самостійної роботи здобувачами вищої освіти спеціальності 223 «Медсестринство» в процесі вивчення навчальної дисципліни «Методологія науково-дослідної роботи» у період повномасштабної війни Росії проти України. Акцентовано увагу, що завдання для самостійної роботи повинні бути різнорівневі та невеликі за обсягом, проте глибокі за змістом та взаємопов'язані між собою. Це дозволить студентам отримати цілісну картину при вивченні навчальної дисципліни, акцентуючи увагу на головному. У період воєнних дій здобувачі вищої освіти мають самостійно обирати найоптимальніший варіант виконання завдань, час та умови. Викладач має враховувати психологічний стан, індивідуальні інтереси, здібності, ступінь готовності студентів до навчання. Вказано, що здобувачі вищої освіти в повному обсязі повинні бути забезпечені необхідними навчально-методичними матеріалами, щоб проблеми, пов'язані з нестабільною роботою Інтернету, не були перепоною на шляху до виконання запланованих робіт. Самостійне опрацювання навчального матеріалу дозволяє отримати нові знання, сформувати власну думку щодо проблем, які вивчаються, розширити коло інтересів, сприяє розвитку індивідуальних життєво та професійно важливих якостей. У період воєнних дій молодь потрібно зацікавити, захопити процесом навчання, відволікти від гнітючих думок, налаштувати на успіх.

Ключові слова: самостійна робота; значення; студенти; воєнні дії.

Introduction

Since the beginning of russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, it became essential to hold the educational front and keep it unshakable. Nowadays it is especially important to provide the high-quality training of future medical workers. Education helps young people to adapt to new realities, understand the importance of the chosen profession, the significance of deep theoretical knowledge and perfect practical skills. Constant air raid alarms, shell explosions, life under mortar fire should not impede future development of medical education. Education is the solid foundation required for the reconstruction of a free, independent, democratic Ukraine.

In the scientific literature, the independent work performed by the higher education seekers is defined as the most important component of the educational process, necessary for mastering the chosen profession [3, 4]. It is common knowledge that the most profound knowledge is those acquired independently. There are different types of independent work: classroom, extracurricular, under the guidance of an instructor and without his participation [1, 2]. The students may compose messages, create presentations, conduct scientific research [4, 5].

The relative importance of independent work has been changing in different periods of the development of higher education, and now it is gaining considerable importance. During hostilities, this activity of student youth forms the basis of the educational process.

Regardless of the thorough study of this problem, today, in the period of russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, the question of organizing independent work and the readiness of students to carry it out is quite acute.

The aim

To identify features of carrying out independent work by the students majoring in 223 Nursing in the process of studying the “Methodology of Research Work” academic discipline in time of war.

Methods

The research was performed using the bibliosemantic method, method of system analysis and logical synthesis.

Results

The main goal of self-study is the students' responsibility for mastering the topics provided by the working curriculum and obtaining the maximum result after studying them, realizing the importance of self-improvement, self-development, and selfdiscipline.

An important element in the preparation of independent work is the determination of the main stages of the work of higher education seekers and their observance. The particular emphasis should be placed on planning, daily self-control, control of the speed and efficiency of completion of planned assignments. Satisfaction with work and learning outcomes is the best motivation for further self-development and professional self-fulfilment.

Students need to get self-control not only over the amount of independent work performed, but also over its necessity in further professional activities. At the end of the working day, it is necessary to analyze and summarize the acquired new professionally important knowledge and to combine it with the performance of practical skills. Quantitative indicators should steadily turn into qualitative ones.

In order to successfully carry out independent work in the period of war, it is necessary to establish a permanent positive relationship between the instructor and the student. It can be made in synchronous or asynchronous modes. The main role of the instructor is to support young people on the way to obtaining the chosen profession, to help in the formation of such qualities as independence, responsibility, selforganization. An important component is providing higher education seekers with the opportunity to observe self-discipline, to show composure and perseverance, on which depends the result and achievement of the set goal. The students (in this difficult time) should determine independently their own style and pace of studying.

Today's realities show that health care institutions do not need only nurses being able to flawlessly perform their functional duties, but, first of all, professionals who can constantly self-improve and self-develop. It is independent work that allows you to form a personality that is characterized by a new way of thinking and a high level of self-awareness.

In the process of studying the academic discipline “Methodology of research work”, students specializing in 223 “Nursing” learn basic methodological concepts, master scientific theoretical and empirical methods, applying them for further deep learning of educational material of fundamental and clinical disciplines, as well as for their application in the future practical activities.

The work plan of the academic discipline “Methodology of research work” includes eight topics for the independent study: “The role of science in modern society”, “Scientific work as one of the main factors in the training of highly qualified personnel”, “Methods of scientific research and their characteristics”, “Academic integrity”, “Documentary sources of scientific information. Principles of scientific work organization”, “Catalogs: alphabetical, systematic, electronic. Thematic search of scientific literature”, “Requirements for writing and execution of research work”, “Scientific and information support for medical workers”.

Independent work ensures the solution of the following basic tasks:

deepening and expanding students' knowledge;

mastering the methodology and methods of scientific research;

providing assistance to students in accelerated mastering of a specialty and achieving a high level of professionalism in the future.

As a result of independent work, the student should know:

the role of science and information in modern society;

documentary sources of scientific information;

structure and functions of the reference and information fund;

rules for compiling a bibliographic description of documents;

information provision of the research process in various modes.

Independent work allows you to develop the ability to:

use catalogs and card files;

fill in the request for obtaining literature in the library;

conduct a search for scientific literature on a given topic;

make an abstract of the reading;

write a scientific work (report, theses, article).

Young people should outline their own educational path and constantly move forward to the top of knowledge and professionalism. The student should be given the right to choose. That is why for the independent work are offered tasks of different levels of complexity. The main requirement is that the tasks should be small in scope, but thoughtful and interconnected. This allows students to have a holistic view when studying the academic discipline, focusing on the main thing. In time of war the higher education seekers should choose independently the most optimal option for completing tasks, as well as the time and conditions for doing it.

Among the tasks that are advisable to be offered to the students are the following:

developing a glossary of terminology and definitions for the topic;

writing a research paper on one of the proposed topics. For example, “The role of information in the scientific life of society”, “State priorities in the field of scientific research in Ukraine”, “Universal decimal classification as a means of organizing documentary funds”, “Medicine of the XXIst century”;

making a short presentation. For example, “The role of science in modern society”, “Static and dynamic advantages in the development of countries”, “Library world of Ukraine”, “Properties of medical information”;

drawing up a scheme on several topics to choose from: “Methods of scientific research and their characteristics”, “Interrelationships of induction and deduction in the process of summarizing empirical material”, “Modeling as a method of scientific cognition”, “Positive achievements of modern information civilization”, “Stages of creating secondary documents”;

preparing a presentation on one of the offered topics: “The importance of scientific and medical information in the practical activity of a medical worker”, “The need for information at various stages of scientific research”;

examining the reasons for slow reading of scientific literature and making diagrams: “Components of the reading process”, “Stages of reading and their characteristics”;

taking test tasks, proposed in Google forms, and analyzing the errors;

writing the simple, complex and condensed notes for the scientific article of one's choice;

making a table: “Positive and negative factors on which depends the efficiency of mental capacity to work”, “Rules for designing catalogs: alphabetical, subject, systematic”;

analyzing periods of the greatest efficiency of mental capacity to work;

making bibliographic description of monograph, article, textbook etc.

This is a small list of various tasks for independent performance when studying the “Methodology of Research Work” academic discipline.

Independent work with reference literature, writing essays, simple, complex, summarized abstracts, reports, performing individual graphic and calculation tasks is possible provided that students of higher education have certain skills: the ability to independently work with scientific literature and analyse and generalize new educational material.

While working independently, applicants of higher education should find answers to the following questions: “What do I expect from this type of activity? What information do I want to receive and for what purpose?”

The main task of higher education is the formation of a creative personality capable of constant selfdevelopment, self-improvement, and self-realization. A modern seeker of higher education has to be able to define a problem, analyze the most optimal ways to solve it. The independent work of the students is an extremely important form of the educational process during russia's full-scale war against Ukraine. This type of activity directs young people to the individualization of studying with an emphasis on their own needs and capabilities. Independent work develops the ability to leam and master modern knowledge, to be critical and self-critical, to use information and communication technologies.

The special attention needs to be paid to the matters relating to the motivation of higher education seekers to constant and intense independent work. The instructor should take into account the psychological state, individual interests, abilities, degree of readiness of students for studying and further self-realization.

The higher education seekers should be interested, captivated by the educational process, distracted from depressing thoughts, set up for success.

The number and volume of tasks offered for selfstudy is often unreasonable. More is not necessarily better. Consideration must be given to the complexity of the task, the time and conditions of its completing, the need for further professional activity. A formal approach produces a formal result. Simple copying and rewriting of text is not only a waste of time, but also a loss of motivation for further self-study.

Among the motivational factors contributing to the activization of independent work, we can highlight the following: the relevance and usefulness, the need for further professional formation and development. The individualization of tasks and their constant updating should not be overlooked as well. Independent work should help the students to unlock their creative potential, to determine the prospects of life and personal growth.

Of course, the decisive role in the organization of independent work has to be played by the instructor, who should work not with the student «in general», but with a particular personality, taking into account his/her strengths and weaknesses, individual abilities, not forgetting the conditions in which young people are forced to live (bomb shelters, destroyed buildings). The task of the insructor is to see and develop the best qualities of the student as a future professional in his field, to give hope for the implementation of the set objectives in full.

The development of a complex of methodological support is the most important condition for the effective performance of independent work by the seekers of higher education. The students should be fully provided with the necessary educational materials so that problems related to the unstable Internet connection do not become an obstacle to the implementation of planned work.

The educational and methodological package should include: a syllabus, a work program for the academic discipline, methodological recommendations for independent work, a list of basic and additional literature. Methodical materials should include the possibility of continuous self-control by the students.

Particular attention is paid to students' compliance with the integrity policy during independent work. Attention is focused on the need to comply with the rules that affect the design of links to the sources of information in the case of using ideas, developments, statements, information, belonging to other authors.

The independent work of the students can be considered the highly effective if it allows the following results to be achieved: the student demonstrates independent, creative thinking, is able to analyze and synthesize information from a range of interrelated topics, is able to freely cope with practical tasks provided for by the work curricula, is able to search for the necessary literature, keep records. It is extremely difficult to achieve the outlined results when there are constantly heard air alarms and news about the death of relatives and near dear people. It is difficult to be active, to find the strength to study, when the flames of war are burning in the country. However, the life cannot be put on hold. A high-quality educational foundation has to be built, regardless of daily difficulties.

Conclusions and Prospects for Research

Proper organization and control of the students' independent work during the period of hostilities depends on the qualification of the instructor and his pedagogical skills.

By mastering the material of the “Methodology of Research Work” academic discipline on their own, young people form and improve competences related to the ability to efficiently allocate free time, constantly conduct self-monitoring and self-evaluation according to the volume and quality of the work performed.

Self-study of educational material makes it possible for the students to gain new knowledge, form their own opinion on the problems studied, expand the range of their interests, and contribute to the development of individual vital and professionally important qualities.

In time of war it is worthwhile to offer students tasks of different level of complexity and small in scope, but thoughtful and interconnected. This will allow students to have a holistic view of the place and meaning of the subject being studied. The higher education seekers should choose independently the most optimal option for completing the tasks planned, as well as the time and conditions for doing it.

A student being able to work independently, learns the educational material more actively and more deeply, is better prepared for the performance of functional duties, specified in the job instructions, for the further self-education and continuing education.

List of literature

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2. Комнацький Б.Ю. Оптимізація та роль самостійної роботи студентів стоматологічного факультету як шлях до підвищення якості освіти / Б.Ю. Комнацький, А.В. Повшенюк, О.О. Коцюра // Медична освіта. - 2017. - № 2. - С. 24-27. DOI https://doi.org/10.11603/me.2414-5998.2017.2.7715.

3. Мерецький В.М. Роль самостійної роботи студентів в організації навчального процесу / В.М. Мерецький // Медична освіта. - 2015. - № 3. - С. 113-115. DOI https://doi.org/10.11603/me.v0i3.4989.

4. Науково-методичне спрямування організації та контролю самостійної роботи студентів у НМУ імені О.О. Богомольця / К.М. Амосова, О.В. Стеченко, І.В. Васильєва [та ін.] // Медична освіта. - 2016. - № 2. - С. 60-63. DOI https://doi.org/10.11603/me.v0i2.6216.

5. Паласюк Б.М. Формування самоосвітньої компетенції майбутніх фармацевтів у світлі оновлення змісту вищої освіти / Б.М. Паласюк // Медична освіта. - 2021. - № 2 (додаток). - С. 83-87. DOI https://doi.org/10.11603/me.2414-5998.2021.2.12417.

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Further study of the considered issue requires conducting a survey among the seekers of higher education regarding the optimization of independent work during the period of hostilities.

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