Environmental education at school

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Environmental education at school

E.V. Nekhorosheva Primary school teacher MAOU "Secondary School No. 27 with UIOP", Stary Oskol Melnikova TA English teacher, MAOU "Secondary School No. 27 with UIOP

Аннотация

Экологическое воспитание школьников означает формирование у них экологического сознания - сознательного отношения к окружающей природной среде с целью охраны и рационального использования природных ресурсов. Главной целью экологического воспитания является формирование личности, характеризующейся развитым экологическим сознанием и культурой.

Ключевые слова: экологическое образование, экологическое

воспитание, проектная деятельность.

Abstract

Environmental education of schoolchildren means the formation of their ecological consciousness - a conscious attitude to the natural environment for the purpose of protecting and rational use of natural resources. The main goal of environmental education is the formation of a person characterized by a developed environmental consciousness and culture.

Keywords: environmental education, environmental education, project activity.

Recently, our country has undergone very serious changes: globalization, universalization, regionalization of socio-economic, political and cultural life, growth of social activity of citizens, introduction of information technologies into public life. The contradictions between man and nature, the possibilities of meeting his needs and the exhaustion of natural resources create clear prerequisites for the renewal of the educational process, and there is an urgent need to include the school in the process of harmonizing the relationship between nature and society.

Environmental education at school expands its boundaries, allowing for the transition from narrow environmental activities to broad socio-environmental activities. It becomes obvious that school is an effective means of overcoming the social and ecological crisis, for which it is necessary to closely link environmental education with the education of man and citizen, the bearer of the high culture, traditions and spiritual values of their people.

The teacher has a leading role in environmental education, asthe younger generation of the country passes through the school. Therefore, the level of environmental culture of the younger generation, management and protection ultimately depends on the training of the teacher, his or her ability to transfer knowledge to his or her pupils, knowledge of the need for environmental education. The objective of environmental education at school is to develop a system of scientific knowledge, attitudes and beliefs that ensure the development of responsible attitudes of schoolchildren towards the environment in all activities. Process of schooling is oriented to the development of personal qualities of students, formation of environmentally significant stereotypes of behavior in them, development of skills to assess their impact on the natural environment from the point of view not only of their well-being, but also of harmony of relations in the system "nature and society".

The current situation in ecological education is very well characterized by E.V. Girusov: "One of the main reasons for the immaturity of ecological consciousness of people remains the insufficient organization of their environmental education. Piecemeal information at the level of ordinary perceptions, often drawn through the media, cannot effectively shape the environmental knowledge system much-needed by a modem person to develop the right attitude towards nature. Environmental education should be systematized at all levels. "

The success of environmental education is linked to the development of children 's need to communicate with nature. They must not be alienated from the natural environment. The system of ecological education of schoolchildren has a wide variety of forms of work: clubs, headquarters, camps, expeditions. The involvement of schoolchildren in practical environmental protection work is an essential component of environmental education and a necessary condition for the formation of an environmental outlook.

An active form of environmental education is research activities that are cognitive, educational and practical. In its process activity and independence in knowledge of nature and life, culture of thinking and behavior in society, understanding of the situation in the environment are formed. There is a desire to protect nature. At the same time, schoolchildren reach a different level of understanding of the problem, see and assess familiar phenomena from different sides, acquire personally significant experience and knowledge. As a rule, educational and research activities are a good addition to hard work. Recently, traditional forms of extracurricular work have been supplemented such newly revived forms of work as educational and research projects. The use of the project method in teaching provides for students to master the main stages of organization of creative activity from the idea to obtaining the final product of work.

Pupils of already junior grades are involved in the project activity. Ecologically oriented activities of younger schoolchildren become fascinating, diverse, personal and socially significant. Children with the help of teachers create a corner of wildlife, take care of plants in the nearest natural environment, write stories, compose poems, fairy tales, draw, make compositions, participate in competitions, exhibitions, festivals, actions. Middle-level students learn to assess the ecology of individual components and ecosystems in general. They carry out observations of the state of the air environment, study the quality of drinking water. The process of implementation of projects by senior students includes comprehensive research of natural ecosystems in the following areas: botanical research, zoological research, monitoring of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Works on these directions allow to make a conclusion on the ecological state of local water bodies, monuments of nature, to collect ecological material, to form and implement comprehensive programs of practical actions to improve the ecological state of natural and man-made objects.

Field practice organized at school in summer also helps to guide the choice of profession. Practice, is carried out for ten days in the vicinity of the village and is closely related to the study of school material. Pupils perform thematic tasks, the results of which are reported at an inter-school conference.

An interesting form of research in nature is the organization of an ecological camp. This intensive form of environmental education of schoolchildren is in maximum active contact with nature, work and rest in natural conditions. The environmental camp program combines educational and recreational processes, as the environmental camp operates during school holidays. In the ecological camp

favorable conditions are created for joint work of different age groups of schoolchildren, which is very important for mutual communication of schoolchildren, teachers. Ecological camp allows to explore natural objects in a certain time interval, to carry out daily observations, monitoring. Research activities of children take place in the mode of comprehensive study of the unique landscape (specially protected natural territory "Tatar Val"). By participating in such work, schoolchildren fall into a situation of real problems of life. We will give examples of research works of schoolchildren carried out during research conferences: "The state of pine in conditions of atmospheric pollution," Comprehensive survey of the state of soil around the village of Caverin, "Plants - Tatar shaft". environmental education school

The modern educational practices can instill in present and subsequent generations of people a sense of love for Nature, the ability to direct their intelligence and will for the benefit of themselves and Nature, to develop the ability to anticipate and prevent the negative environmental consequences of their own activities, thus laying the foundations for solving global environmental problems.

Ecological education of the student's personality is an essential part of his worldview training. The problem of preserving life on the planet is a constant companion of human knowledge, its desire for progress.

To sum up, the ecological education of schoolchildren means the formation of an ecological consciousness - a conscious attitude towards the natural environment for the purpose of protecting and rational use of natural resources. A main objective of environmental education is to shape a person characterized by a developed ecological consciousness and culture.

Bibliographic list

Afonin A.V. Ecological trails of Russia. - Moscow: PK Litfond of Russia, 2013. - 136 p.

Golovova T.B. Main activities of engineering training. Methodical instructions. Scientific and Educational Centre "Ipsilon". - Moscow, 2015.

Cornell J. Let's enjoy nature with our children: a handbook on the perception of nature for teachers and parents. - NY, 2016.

Chizhova V.P. School of Nature. Ecological Education in Protected Natural Areas. - Moscow: Ecological Educational Center "Reserves" - WWF, 2007. - 128 p

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