Особенности восприятия речи на слух как критерий оценки качества закадрового перевода документального фильма

Оригинал

Перевод

Кр-й

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I'm Michael Mosley.

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Меня зовут Майкл Мосли.

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As you can see, I was a blissfully happy child

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В детстве я был счастливым, жизнерадостным ребенком

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but, although I still try to be cheerful,

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и хотя я пытаюсь выглядеть счастливым и сейчас,

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this is now something of a mask.

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это не более чем маска.

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I have a tendency to be a catastrophic thinker

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У меня есть склонность к рефлексии,

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and I think, "Oh, it's going to be terrible or I'm going to retire

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"О, это будет ужасно" или "меня выгонят с работы"

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"and I'm going to get some horrible disease or not have any money." Did that ever worry you?

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"Я заболею какой-нибудь ужасной болезнью, или у меня не будет денег". С вами такого не случалось?

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No.

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Нет.

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The truth is I'm now a bit of a pessimist.

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Я пессимист.

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I get stressed and I constantly fret about the future.

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Я все время нервничаю и переживаю по поводу будущего.

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So, a couple of months ago, I set out to explore

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Поэтому пару месяцев назад

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the latest science of personality,

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я решил изучить последние исследования в области психологии,

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to see if it is possible to change.

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чтобы узнать, можно ли изменить структуру личности.

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Now, in many ways, I suspect this is going to be the hardest thing

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Мне кажется, что это будет самое сложное из того, что я делал,

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I've ever attempted, but the rewards are also great.

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но цель оправдывает затраченные усилия.

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I want to become a warmer, more open person.

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Я хочу стать более открытым и доброжелательным человеком.

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I want to be happier and, from a purely selfish point of view,

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И я хочу стать более счастливым,

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I also want to be able to sleep better because I'm something

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Я также хочу, чтобы мой сон улучшился,

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of a chronic insomniac and when I get stressed,

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потому что я сплю очень плохо, когда я нервничаю,

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like I am frankly at the moment, I stop sleeping.

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например, как сейчас.

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Is that too much to ask?

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Не слишком ли многого я хочу?

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I've set myself a very ambitious task... To change my mind.

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Я поставил перед собой амбициозную задачу - изменить мой разум.

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What I've been trying is something that requires no drugs,

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Для этого не требуются ни лекарства,

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no expensive therapy.

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ни дорогостоящая терапия.

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Instead, it involves a couple of unusual techniques

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Вместо этого используются две весьма необычные методики.

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and, after seven weeks, I'm genuinely surprised

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И, по происшествии 7 недель,

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by what's happened.

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я удивлен тем, что произошло.

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That absolutely made my day, thank you. Brilliant!

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Это просто праздник какой-то. Замечательно!

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Give it up for Michael, everyone!

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Поприветствуйте Майкла!

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So, can you really change key aspects of your personality?

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Возможно ли изменить ключевые аспекты личности?

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And why might we want to?

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И для чего это нам нужно?

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This is Oxford, Ohio, a town in the American Mid-West.

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Это городок Оксфорд, штат Огайо.

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It's not a particularly fun-looking town

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он не выглядит особо привлекательным,

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but first impressions can be deceptive.

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но первые впечатления могут оказаться обманчивыми.

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I'm starting here because the people in this place have revealed

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Я начинаю свои исследования в этом месте,

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the extent to which the mind can affect the body.

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потому что местные люди показали, как сильно наш ум может влиять на наше тело.

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They've shown that what you think and how you think really matters.

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Они показали, что то, что вы думаете и то, как вы думаете, действительно имеет значение.

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It's a quiet - really quite unremarkable - little town,

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Это маленький, спокойный, ничем не примечательный город,

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and yet, back in 1975, it was the subject

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но в 1975 здесь производился

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of a really fascinating social experiment,

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удивительный социальный эксперимент,

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one which has been going on now for almost 40 years.

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который продолжается и сейчас, спустя 40 лет.

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It started when a scientist from the local university

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Он начался, когда ученым из местного Университета

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came up with an ambitious plan -

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пришла в голову амбициозная идея -

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to recruit all the over 50s in the town for a study into ageing.

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привлечь к исследованиям старения жителей в возрасте свыше 50 лет.

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More than 1,000 of the locals duly signed up.

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Более 1000 человек согласились принять участие в исследовании.

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I've come to meet some of the members of that original group,

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Я решил встретиться с некоторыми из них,

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and they are a lively lot.

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они очень жизнерадостны.

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So, you guys kind of gather every morning or...?

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То есть вы собираетесь каждое утро, или?

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You sound as though you're having a gas, I have to say.

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выглядите, будто у вас много энергии, должен сказать.

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Every morning except Sunday. Who's the oldest person here?

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- Каждое утро, кроме воскресенья. Кто здесь самый старший?

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He's second, I'm 90. You're 90? He's 88.

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Он на втором месте. Мне 90. Вам 90? Ему 88.

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88. You going to try and make 100?

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88. Вы можете попробовать дожить до 100?

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I don't know. I tell you, when you get to be 90,

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я не знаю, когда доживешь до 90 лет,

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actually, you know, you live from day to day.

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в общем-то, каждый новый день - это подарок.

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Ken, you took part in the original study which began in '75.

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Кен, вы принимали участие в исследовании, которое проводилось в 1975 году.

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Do you remember taking part in it?

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Вы помните это?

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I vaguely remember taking part in it.

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Я смутно это припоминаю.

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I mean, did you know how extraordinary it was

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Это было достаточно необычно,

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that they tried to recruit pretty well everybody in this town

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они старались привлечь к этому исследованию

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at the time, and then they followed them

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почти всех в то время и они наблюдают за ними

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for whatever it is, 35 years now?

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в течение уже 35 лет?

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I don't think they've been following me though, have they?

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Я не думаю, что они следили за мной, не так ли?

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Secretly!

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Скрытно!

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In 1975, volunteers filled in questionnaires,

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В 1975 добровольцы заполняли анкеты,

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looking at things like health, jobs, family

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отвечая на вопросы об их семье, работе, здоровье

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and attitudes towards growing older.

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и их мыслях по поводу старения.

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Do you worry about the future?

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Вы беспокоитесь о будущем?

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No, no, I don't worry about the future.

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Нет, я не беспокоюсь о будущем.

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I... What will come will come, and when it comes, it comes.

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Что будет, то будет.

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But, no, no. I don't worry about it.

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Нет, я совсем не переживаю по этому поводу.

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If you just keep cyclically thinking bad thoughts, not good.

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Если у вас в голове постоянно вертятся негативные мысли, это плохо.

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What do you see in people who are negative?

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Что вы думаете о негативных людях?

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What do I see in them? I see an unhappy person.

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Что я о них думаю? Я вижу несчастливого человека.

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I see a person who's more highly stressed than others.

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Я вижу человека, который более озабочен, чем другие.

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To be stressed all your life, it would be...

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быть озабоченным всю свою жизнь...

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wouldn't be a pleasant life.

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- это было бы не очень приятно.

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Decades after the original questionnaires were filled in,

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Десятилетия спустя после того, как были проведены опросы,

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data from the Ohio study ended up at Yale University,

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данные этих исследований были переданы

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on the desk of Associate Professor Becca Levy.

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профессору Ребекке Леви

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So, what sort of questions did they ask?

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Какого рода вопросы они задавали?

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One of the questions was, "How much do you agree or disagree

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Один из вопросов звучал так: "Согласны ли вы с тем,

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with the item "as you get older, you are less useful?""

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что по мере того, как вы стареете, вы становитесь более бесполезным?"

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OK, I would say that I disagree with it

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Я бы сказал, что я не согласен с этим, потому что я уверен,

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because I'm sure that, as I'm getting older, I'm getting more useful.

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что по мере того, как я старею, я становлюсь более полезным.

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Oh, good, very good.

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Очень хорошо.

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Another question that was asked was, "As you get older,

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Другой вопрос звучал так: "По мере того, как вы стареете,

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"are things better, the same or worse than you thought they would be?"

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все становится лучше, хуже или остается таким же?"

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LAUGHS

OK, I think I have no particular reason

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ОК, у меня нет особых оснований пессимистически относиться к будущему,

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for feeling negative about the future and yet I do.

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тем не менее, я это делаю.

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What are you fearful of?

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Чего вы боитесь?

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I don't know, just generally more anxious about stuff

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Я начинаю больше беспокоиться,

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but I don't know whether I'm just becoming more realistic

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но я не знаю, становлюсь ли я большим реалистом,

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or whether the world really is a more frightening place

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или мир меняется в худшую сторону,

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than it once was. Yes.

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чем он был раньше.

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It turned out that how you answered these particular questions

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Как оказалось, то, как вы ответили на эти вопросы,

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was a strong predictor of how long you were likely to live.

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могло подсказать, как долго вы проживете.

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Mental attitude was far more important than anyone had imagined.

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Мысленная установка оказалась гораздо более важной, чем кто-либо мог предположить.

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What we did is we tried to find the survival patterns of everybody

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Мы старались выявить паттерны выживания тех,

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who was in the original study, so there's something called

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кто участвовал в этом исследовании,

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the National Death Index in the United States,

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и есть Индекс Смертности в Соединенных штатах,

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and we found mortality information about all the original participants.

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и мы нашли данные о смертности всех участников данного исследования.

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And when Becca went through the death records,

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И, когда Ребекка проанализировала данные о смертности,

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she found the same thing over and over again.

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она увидела, что одно и то же повторяется снова и снова.

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It was actually a survival advantage

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Те, у кого были более позитивные представления о старении,

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on average of about seven and a half years

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имели преимущество -

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for those who had more positive beliefs about ageing.

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в среднем они проживали на 7.5 лет дольше.

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So, something which actually increases life expectancy

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если что-то позволяет увеличить продолжительность жизни на 7.5 лет,

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by seven and a half years is quite a big deal, I think.

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то это имеет очень большое значение.

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Were you excited when you discovered it?

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Вы обрадовались, когда открыли это?

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Yes, so it was a bigger advantage than we had predicted

00:07:18,880 --> 00:07:21,960

Да, это было нечто гораздо большее, чем мы предполагали,

+

00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:23,880

so that was really exciting to look at.

00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:23,880

и это было очень интересно.

+

00:07:23,880 --> 00:07:26,120

Ready?

00:07:23,880 --> 00:07:26,120

Готовы?

+

00:07:29,840 --> 00:07:31,440

Get happy!

00:07:29,840 --> 00:07:31,440

Будьте счастливы!

+

00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:34,560

One, two, three. Fine, right?

00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:34,560

Раз, два, три.

+

00:07:35,560 --> 00:07:38,120

Becca's research has been backed by other work

00:07:35,560 --> 00:07:38,120

Результаты Ребекки подтверждаются данными другого исследования,

+

00:07:38,120 --> 00:07:41,120

looking into the power of optimism.

00:07:38,120 --> 00:07:41,120

посвященного оптимизму.

-

00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:47,360

To put her results into context, if we could cure cancer tomorrow,

00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:47,360

если бы в будущем мы смогли излечить рак,

+

00:07:47,360 --> 00:07:53,560

it would half as much, three to four years to life expectancy.

00:07:47,360 --> 00:07:53,560

то продолжительность жизни увеличилась бы на 3-4 года.

+

00:07:53,560 --> 00:07:58,480

But what can you do if you're not naturally a positive, happy soul?

00:07:53,560 --> 00:07:58,480

Но что можно сделать, если вы не оптимист от природы?

+

00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:04,120

I keep on thinking that the worst is going to happen.

00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:04,120

Я все время думаю о том, что может случиться что-то ужасное.

+

00:08:04,120 --> 00:08:06,560

It doesn't happen but, in the meanwhile,

00:08:04,120 --> 00:08:06,560

этого не произойдет, но тем не менее,

+

00:08:06,560 --> 00:08:09,280

rather than engaging in the present and sort of being there,

00:08:06,560 --> 00:08:09,280

вместо того чтобы присутствовать в настоящем,

+

00:08:09,280 --> 00:08:11,600

chatting with my family, I'm sometimes staring off

00:08:09,280 --> 00:08:11,600

например, проводя время вместе с семьей,

-

00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:13,560

into outer space, thinking about things

00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:13,560

я уношусь мыслями в другие миры, думая о том,

-

00:08:13,560 --> 00:08:15,560

which will probably never occur.

00:08:13,560 --> 00:08:15,560

что, скорее всего, никогда не произойдет.

+

00:08:15,560 --> 00:08:20,800

I'm also still sleeping terribly and, so, if I could do something

00:08:15,560 --> 00:08:20,800

Я все еще плохо сплю, и есл и есть что-то,

+

00:08:20,800 --> 00:08:26,480

that would make that different, then I would really love to do it.

00:08:20,800 --> 00:08:26,480

что могло бы изменить это положение вещей, я хотел бы попробовать сделать это.

+

00:08:34,160 --> 00:08:35,920

Over the last few years,

00:08:34,160 --> 00:08:35,920

В течении последних нескольких лет,

+

00:08:35,920 --> 00:08:39,320

I've looked at the evidence behind the science of how our bodies work.

00:08:35,920 --> 00:08:39,320

я изучал, как работает человеческое тело.

+

00:08:42,800 --> 00:08:47,880

I've tried a lot of different tests and procedures on myself.

00:08:42,800 --> 00:08:47,880

Я испробовал некоторые тесты и процедуры на себе.

+

00:08:49,920 --> 00:08:54,800

Breathe in! Now I want to move on from the body to the mind,

00:08:49,920 --> 00:08:54,800

Дышите! Теперь я хочу перейти от тела к разуму,

+

00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:59,360

to examine the science behind positive psychology.

00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:59,360

чтобы изучить науку позитивной психологии.

+

00:09:01,240 --> 00:09:04,120

And the first step is to find objective ways

00:09:01,240 --> 00:09:04,120

И первый шаг на этом пути -

+

00:09:04,120 --> 00:09:06,280

to measure personality.

00:09:04,120 --> 00:09:06,280

измерение параметров личности.

+

00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:14,360

Our personalities are a complex interaction of character traits

00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:14,360

Личность человека представляет собой сложное взаимодействие черт характера,

+

00:09:14,360 --> 00:09:19,520

that affect behaviour, emotions and ultimately the lives we lead.

00:09:14,360 --> 00:09:19,520

которые оказывают влияние на наше поведение, эмоции и, в конечном счете, на всю нашу жизнь…

-

00:09:19,520 --> 00:09:23,240

And one of THE fundamental drivers is how optimistic

00:09:19,520 --> 00:09:23,240

Одним из решающих факторов является то,

+

00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:25,360

or pessimistic we are.

00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:25,360

насколько вы пессимист или оптимист.

+

00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:29,880

This is also one of the hottest new areas of scientific research.

00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:29,880

Это принципиально новая область научных исследований.

+

00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:35,120

But how on earth do you objectively measure it?

00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:35,120

Но возможно ли объективно измерить это?

+

00:09:35,120 --> 00:09:38,520

I am 5 ft 11, I'm 168 lbs

00:09:35,120 --> 00:09:38,520

Мой рост 180 см, вес 76 кг

+

00:09:38,520 --> 00:09:41,880

and my chest size is 42 inches.

00:09:38,520 --> 00:09:41,880

Окружность груди 106 см.

+

00:09:41,880 --> 00:09:44,440

Now these things are easy to measure

00:09:41,880 --> 00:09:44,440

Эти параметры легко измерить,

+

00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:46,960

but what about aspects of personality?

00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:46,960

но что делать с характеристиками личности?

+

00:09:46,960 --> 00:09:49,840

Well, I've come here to Essex University,

00:09:46,960 --> 00:09:49,840

Я приехал в Университет графства Эссекс,

+

00:09:49,840 --> 00:09:52,240

where they're going to probe my brain

00:09:49,840 --> 00:09:52,240

специалисты которого будут исследовать мой мозг

+

00:09:52,240 --> 00:09:54,240

and apparently they can tell me

00:09:52,240 --> 00:09:54,240

и смогут определить,

+

00:09:54,240 --> 00:09:58,080

whether I am fundamentally optimistic or pessimistic.

00:09:54,240 --> 00:09:58,080

оптимист я, или пессимист.

+

00:10:10,040 --> 00:10:13,560

Professor Elaine Fox is a neuroscientist

00:10:10,040 --> 00:10:13,560

Профессор Элейн Фокс - нейробиолог

+

00:10:13,560 --> 00:10:18,080

and one of the leading researchers in the science of optimism.

00:10:13,560 --> 00:10:18,080

и одна из ведущих исследовательниц оптимизма.

+

00:10:18,080 --> 00:10:21,560

Now, ready? All I do is put in a small amount of gel

00:10:18,080 --> 00:10:21,560

Готовы? Я нанесу немножко геля

+

00:10:21,560 --> 00:10:23,520

and then you'll feel it cold.

00:10:21,560 --> 00:10:23,520

и вы почувствуете холод.

+

00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:25,760

We know that some people's brains tune in very much

00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:25,760

мы знаем, что мозг некоторых людей

+

00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:27,720

to negative information and others tune in

00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:27,720

более настроен на восприятие позитивной информации

+

00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:30,200

to positive information, and what we're hoping to do,

00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:30,200

а других - на восприятие негативной,

+

00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,160

we're measuring the electrical activity in your brain

00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,160

мы измеряем электрический потенциал мозга

+

00:10:33,160 --> 00:10:35,120

and we're really just going to try and probe

00:10:33,160 --> 00:10:35,120

и мы сейчас попробуем узнать,

+

00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:38,200

and see whether your brain naturally tunes in

00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:38,200

настроен ли ваш мозг

+

00:10:38,200 --> 00:10:40,480

to either positive stuff or negative stuff.

00:10:38,200 --> 00:10:40,480

на позитивную или негативную информацию.

+

00:10:40,480 --> 00:10:42,560

I am, I must admit, phenomenally interested

00:10:40,480 --> 00:10:42,560

Я очень сильно заинтересован в результатах,

+

00:10:42,560 --> 00:10:45,600

to see what you discover because... Yes, it'll be interesting, yeah.

00:10:42,560 --> 00:10:45,600

которые вы получите.

+

00:10:45,600 --> 00:10:49,080

I would suspect that I have a bias towards the negative.

00:10:45,600 --> 00:10:49,080

Я подозреваю, что у меня склонность к негативизму.

+

00:10:49,080 --> 00:10:50,680

Do you think so? Yes.

00:10:49,080 --> 00:10:50,680

Вы так думаете? - Да.

+

00:10:50,680 --> 00:10:52,840

It may turn out that I'm a rip-roaring optimist.

00:10:50,680 --> 00:10:52,840

Может оказаться, что я неисправимый оптимист.

+

00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:55,080

Well, it absolutely might, yes, exactly.

00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:55,080

Да, вы правы, такое может случиться.

+

00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:57,800

It's funny because I have these conversations with my wife

00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:57,800

Я часто спорю со своей женой

+

00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:02,040

quite frequently because she has a... I think, a kind of naturally

00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:02,040

потому что, похоже, она неисправимый оптимист,

+

00:11:02,040 --> 00:11:04,960

sunny disposition, and she finds it quite frustrating.

00:11:02,040 --> 00:11:04,960

и ей это неприятно.

+

00:11:04,960 --> 00:11:07,520

You know, she keeps on saying, "These things won't happen."

00:11:04,960 --> 00:11:07,520

Вы знаете, она все время говорит: "Этого никогда не случится"

+

00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:09,680

No, exactly. "Why do you keep thinking about them?

00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:09,680

"Почему ты постоянно думаешь об этом?"

+

00:11:09,680 --> 00:11:12,280

"Why do you keep on talking and planning about things,

00:11:09,680 --> 00:11:12,280

"Почему ты думаешь и говоришь о вещах,

+

00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:14,440

"which the odds on them ever, ever happening

00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:14,440

которые вряд ли

+

00:11:14,440 --> 00:11:15,920

"are just fantastically low?

00:11:14,440 --> 00:11:15,920

когда-либо произойдут?"

+

00:11:15,920 --> 00:11:19,000

"Why don't you just wait and see what happens?"

00:11:15,920 --> 00:11:19,000

"Почему бы тебе не подождать и посмотреть, что случится?"

+

00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:22,160

It's a disaster, the kids will all end up in jail.

00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:22,160

Это катастрофа, дети сядут в тюрьму.

+

00:11:25,960 --> 00:11:28,200

Embarrassingly, I can't even stop worrying

00:11:25,960 --> 00:11:28,200

Я не могу перестать волноваться даже сейчас,

+

00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:29,840

while they're setting this up.

00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:29,840

во время испытаний.

+

00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:34,520

Oh dear, there's a flashing light there. It's not good.

00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:34,520

Там мерцает огонек, это не к добру.

+

00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:37,280

It's not my bloody job, I know that.

00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:37,280

Это не мое дело и я знаю это.

+

00:11:37,280 --> 00:11:39,800

My eye keeps on being drawn to it and I keep on going,

00:11:37,280 --> 00:11:39,800

Мой взгляд притягивается к нему все время,

+

00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:41,400

"Is that important?"

00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:41,400

"Это важно?"

+

00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:43,400

Don't worry about the flashing light.

00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:43,400

Не беспокойтесь об этом.

+

00:11:43,400 --> 00:11:46,960

I know, it's nothing to do with me but I can't quite stop myself.

00:11:43,400 --> 00:11:46,960

Я знаю, что это не имеет никакого значения для меня, но продолжаю думать об этом.

-

00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:52,600

The first part of the test involves measuring levels

00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:52,600

Во время первой части эксперимента измеряются уровни

+

00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:57,240

of electrical activity on the two sides of my brain while I'm resting.

00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:57,240

электрической активности двух долей мозга во время отдыха.

+

00:11:58,400 --> 00:12:01,280

Surprisingly enough, studies have shown

00:11:58,400 --> 00:12:01,280

Удивительно то, что исследования показывают,

+

00:12:01,280 --> 00:12:05,000

that people who are prone to high levels of pessimism,

00:12:01,280 --> 00:12:05,000

что у людей, склонных к пессимизму,

+

00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:08,800

neuroticism and anxiety tend to have greater activity

00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:08,800

невротизму и тревожности,

+

00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:12,600

on the right side of their frontal cortex than the left.

00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:12,600

правое полушарие более активно, чем левое.

+

00:12:12,600 --> 00:12:15,400

This is known as cerebral asymmetry.

00:12:12,600 --> 00:12:15,400

Это называется Церебральной ассиметрией.

+

00:12:15,400 --> 00:12:18,600

We know it happens, we don't know why.

00:12:15,400 --> 00:12:18,600

Нам известно, что это происходит, но мы не знаем причины этого.

+

00:12:20,960 --> 00:12:23,480

Now for something more active.

00:12:20,960 --> 00:12:23,480

Теперь перейдем к активной части.

+

00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:32,560

Elaine's asked me to press a button

00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:32,560

Элейн попросила меня нажимать кнопку

+

00:12:32,560 --> 00:12:36,560

when I see dots flashing up behind faces on the screen.

00:12:32,560 --> 00:12:36,560

когда я вижу точки, мерцающие за лицами на экране.

+

00:12:36,560 --> 00:12:39,640

At the moment, I'm just in a kind of a completely zoned-out territory.

00:12:36,560 --> 00:12:39,640

На данный момент я не понимаю, что я делаю.

+

00:12:39,640 --> 00:12:42,040

I have no idea.

00:12:39,640 --> 00:12:42,040

Абсолютно никаких мыслей.

+

00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:45,120

That was a cock-up, yeah.

00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:45,120

Да, все было продумано.

+

00:12:46,280 --> 00:12:49,080

I didn't realise while I was doing it

00:12:46,280 --> 00:12:49,080

Я не понимал, пока выполнял этот тест,

+

00:12:49,080 --> 00:12:53,320

that the whole point is to test unconscious biases.

00:12:49,080 --> 00:12:53,320

что тест предназначен для измерения подсознательных наклонностей.

+

00:12:53,320 --> 00:12:57,680

They wanted to see if my response time was influenced

00:12:53,320 --> 00:12:57,680

Они хотели увидеть, как скорость реакции зависит от того,

+

00:12:57,680 --> 00:13:03,320

by whether the dots appeared behind angry or behind happy faces.

00:12:57,680 --> 00:13:03,320

появляются ли точки за озлобленными или счастливыми лицами.

+

00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:10,720

Did that kind of go as you'd planned?

00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:10,720

Все прошло так, как вы планировали?

+

00:13:10,720 --> 00:13:13,720

Yes, it did. There's the data.

00:13:10,720 --> 00:13:13,720

Да, все хорошо. Мы получили результаты.

+

00:13:13,720 --> 00:13:17,040

Ay-ay-ay!

00:13:13,720 --> 00:13:17,040

Ой ой ой!

+

00:13:18,720 --> 00:13:22,040

God, this is not a good look, is it?

00:13:18,720 --> 00:13:22,040

Выгляжу неважно, не так ли?

+

00:13:22,040 --> 00:13:24,520

KNOCKS

Hello, there! Hi, Michael.

00:13:22,040 --> 00:13:24,520

Перевод отсутствует

Привет! Заходите, Майкл.

+

00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:27,080

A couple of hours later, and my results are ready.

00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:27,080

прошло два часа и мои результаты готовы.

+

00:13:27,080 --> 00:13:30,240

The computer measured the speed that you pressed the button

00:13:27,080 --> 00:13:30,240

Компьютер измерял скорость, с которой вы нажимали на кнопку

+

00:13:30,240 --> 00:13:33,320

and sometimes there was an angry face on the left hand side,

00:13:30,240 --> 00:13:33,320

и иногда появлялось злое лицо с левой стороны,

+

00:13:33,320 --> 00:13:36,360

say, sometimes a happy face on the right hand side,

00:13:33,320 --> 00:13:36,360

и, например, счастливое лицо с правой,

+

00:13:36,360 --> 00:13:39,280

so you can see that's how quickly you responded

00:13:36,360 --> 00:13:39,280

и вы можете видеть как быстро вы реагировали,

+

00:13:39,280 --> 00:13:41,480

when the target appeared near the angry faces.

00:13:39,280 --> 00:13:41,480

когда точка появлялась вместе со злыми лицами.

+

00:13:41,480 --> 00:13:44,000

It's extraordinary. My reaction times are much faster...

00:13:41,480 --> 00:13:44,000

Это удивительно, Моя реакция была намного быстрее...

+

00:13:44,000 --> 00:13:46,000

Much faster, as you see...with the angry faces.

00:13:44,000 --> 00:13:46,000

Да, быстрее, когда я видел злые лица.

+

00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:49,040

Exactly, so when the little probes appeared where the angry faces were,

00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:49,040

Совершенно верно, когда метка появлялась вместе со злыми лицами,

+

00:13:49,040 --> 00:13:51,080

you were actually much, much faster, so...

00:13:49,040 --> 00:13:51,080

вы были намного, намного быстрее.

+

00:13:51,080 --> 00:13:52,680

That is, OK, that is extraordinary.

00:13:51,080 --> 00:13:52,680

Это удивительно.

+

00:13:52,680 --> 00:13:55,720

I had absolutely no idea that was going on at all.

00:13:52,680 --> 00:13:55,720

Я совершенно не догадывался о том, что происходило.

+

00:13:55,720 --> 00:13:58,200

Exactly, it's a little probe into your mind showing us

00:13:55,720 --> 00:13:58,200

Совершенно верно, этот тест вашего мозга показывает,

+

00:13:58,200 --> 00:14:01,040

your brain is just slightly faster because you were already there.

00:13:58,200 --> 00:14:01,040

что ваш разум предрасположен к этому.

+

00:14:01,040 --> 00:14:03,640

Your attention has gone to the angry face immediately,

00:14:01,040 --> 00:14:03,640

Ваше внимание моментально переключается на злое лицо,

+

00:14:03,640 --> 00:14:05,800

so when you react, because you're already there,

00:14:03,640 --> 00:14:05,800

и когда вы реагируете, вы делаете это быстрее,

+

00:14:05,800 --> 00:14:07,560

you're a little bit faster.

00:14:05,800 --> 00:14:07,560

потому что вы уже думаете об этом.

+

00:14:09,320 --> 00:14:13,960

But Elaine has found something else which is a bit more unsettling.

00:14:09,320 --> 00:14:13,960

Но Элейн обнаружила еще кое-что.

+

00:14:13,960 --> 00:14:17,840

The first part of the test, where they measured my brain activity

00:14:13,960 --> 00:14:17,840

Первая половина теста, когда измерялась моя мозговая активность

+

00:14:17,840 --> 00:14:22,320

at rest, revealed I have nearly three times more activity

00:14:17,840 --> 00:14:22,320

во время покоя, выявила, что моя правая часть лобной доли

+

00:14:22,320 --> 00:14:26,200

in the right frontal areas than the left.

00:14:22,320 --> 00:14:26,200

почти в три раза более активна, чем левая.

+

00:14:26,200 --> 00:14:30,200

This suggests a brain that is even more tuned to the dark side

00:14:26,200 --> 00:14:30,200

Это позволяет сделать вывод о том, что мой мозг

+

00:14:30,200 --> 00:14:31,760

than I thought.

00:14:30,200 --> 00:14:31,760

еще более наполнен негативом, чем я думал.

+

00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:35,600

I would have been surprised if your machine had decided

00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:35,600

Я был бы удивлен, если бы ваша машина определила,

+

00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:39,720

that I was a raging optimist, because that isn't true.

00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:39,720

что я неисправимый оптимист, потому что я им не являюсь.

+

00:14:39,720 --> 00:14:41,840

But I'm also not clinically depressed either.

00:14:39,720 --> 00:14:41,840

но также у меня нет и клинической депрессии.

+

00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:43,640

That's what it shows.

00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:43,640

Это и выявили испытания.

+

00:14:43,640 --> 00:14:46,360

I incurred a bit on the negative side, but not extraordinarily.

00:14:43,640 --> 00:14:46,360

Я подвержен пессимизму, но не сильно.

+

00:14:46,360 --> 00:14:50,280

I think that's exactly... It's on the negative side of the spectrum.

00:14:46,360 --> 00:14:50,280

Я думаю, это так, негативная часть спектра эмоций.

+

00:14:51,280 --> 00:14:55,000

I'm now wondering if Elaine is simply being diplomatic,

00:14:51,280 --> 00:14:55,000

Я думаю, не проявила ли Элейн дипломатичность

+

00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:58,640

and if my results are rather worse than she's suggesting,

00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:58,640

и мои результаты намного хуже на самом деле,

+

00:14:58,640 --> 00:15:02,960

or is that just paranoia?

00:14:58,640 --> 00:15:02,960

или это просто паранойя?

+

00:15:02,960 --> 00:15:06,520

So, that test has shown what I guess I've always believed,

00:15:02,960 --> 00:15:06,520

Этот тест подтвердил то, что я всегда о себе думал,

+

00:15:06,520 --> 00:15:11,120

that I have a fundamentally negative filter and that makes me

00:15:06,520 --> 00:15:11,120

что у меня встроенный негативный фильтр, который делает меня

+

00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:17,080

prone to pessimism, anxiety and also sometimes neuroticism.

00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:17,080

подверженным пессимизму, тревожности и невротизму.

-

00:15:17,080 --> 00:15:23,000

It colours my relationships and also affects how I react to the world.

00:15:17,080 --> 00:15:23,000

он влияет на мои отношения с людьми и на то, как я воспринимаю мир.

-

00:15:28,760 --> 00:15:32,480

# Sometimes I go out by myself... #

00:15:28,760 --> 00:15:32,480

Перевод отсутствует

+

00:15:32,480 --> 00:15:37,000

A brain that is hyper-aware of things that can go wrong leads

00:15:32,480 --> 00:15:37,000

Фиксация на негативных сторонах

+

00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:41,800

to increased stress and anxiety, and it's more than just a state of mind.

00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:41,800

приводит к повышенному стрессу и тревожности, и это нечто большее, чем состояние сознания

-

00:15:43,760 --> 00:15:47,680

It's powerfully connected to how your body responds.

00:15:43,760 --> 00:15:47,680

Она влияет на состояние всего организма.

+

00:15:49,160 --> 00:15:53,200

I've come to this karaoke bar to sing - badly -

00:15:49,160 --> 00:15:53,200

Я пришел в этот караоке-бар, чтобы спеть

+

00:15:53,200 --> 00:15:56,480

in front of 100 strangers.

00:15:53,200 --> 00:15:56,480

на виду у 100 незнакомцев.

+

00:15:56,480 --> 00:15:59,680

I'm here to demonstrate what happens to your body

00:15:56,480 --> 00:15:59,680

Я здесь, чтобы продемонстрировать, что происходит с вашим телом,

-

00:15:59,680 --> 00:16:03,760

when you allow negative thoughts to dominate your mind.

00:15:59,680 --> 00:16:03,760

когда вы позволяете негативным мыслям завладеть вашим сознанием.

+

00:16:03,760 --> 00:16:07,280

# ... over, Valerie. #

00:16:03,760 --> 00:16:07,280

Перевод отсутствует

+

00:16:09,080 --> 00:16:12,200

# So now you're back from Outer Space

00:16:09,080 --> 00:16:12,200

Перевод отсутствует

+

00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:14,800

# I just walked in here to find you here

00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:14,800

Перевод отсутствует

+

00:16:14,800 --> 00:16:17,040

# With that sad look upon your face... #

00:16:14,800 --> 00:16:17,040

Перевод отсутствует

+

00:16:17,040 --> 00:16:18,880

My body is really screaming at me,

00:16:17,040 --> 00:16:18,880

Мое тело по-настоящему плачет...

+

00:16:18,880 --> 00:16:22,040

this is a really, really bad idea because my pulse is running

00:16:18,880 --> 00:16:22,040

Это была очень плохая мысль, потому что мой пульс

+

00:16:22,040 --> 00:16:26,960

at around 120, my mouth is dry and I've got a faint tremor.

00:16:22,040 --> 00:16:26,960

стучит со скоростью 120 ударов, рот пересох и меня трясет.

+

00:16:28,240 --> 00:16:32,880

Areas of my brain that deal with fear and threat have kicked in.

00:16:28,240 --> 00:16:32,880

Активизировались те области мозга, которые отвечают за страх и угрозу.

+

00:16:32,880 --> 00:16:35,480

These evolved to ensure survival

00:16:32,880 --> 00:16:35,480

Они предназначены, чтобы обеспечить выживание,

+

00:16:35,480 --> 00:16:39,760

but today it's not a sabre-toothed tiger that's terrifying me,

00:16:35,480 --> 00:16:39,760

но сейчас мне угрожает не саблезубый тигр,

+

00:16:39,760 --> 00:16:42,520

it's just a little sing-along.

00:16:39,760 --> 00:16:42,520

это всего лишь пение перед публикой.

+

00:16:42,520 --> 00:16:44,160

I mean, it's sort of odd

00:16:42,520 --> 00:16:44,160

Достаточно странно представить,

+

00:16:44,160 --> 00:16:47,040

because you'd imagine somebody who makes a living out of

00:16:44,160 --> 00:16:47,040

что кто-то может зарабатывать себе на жизнь,

+

00:16:47,040 --> 00:16:51,160

appearing in front of a camera would feel quite comfortable, but I don't,

00:16:47,040 --> 00:16:51,160

появляясь перед камерой, потому что я к ним не принадлежу

-

00:16:51,160 --> 00:16:54,080

I don't feel remotely comfortable about doing anything like this

00:16:51,160 --> 00:16:54,080

Я не чувствую ни капельки комфорта, делая нечто подобное

-

00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:57,520

and I can see the whites of everyone's eyes

00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:57,520

и я могу видеть глаза людей

+

00:16:57,520 --> 00:17:00,320

and that fills me with horror.

00:16:57,520 --> 00:17:00,320

и это наполняет меня ужасом.

+

00:17:02,000 --> 00:17:05,440

Will you please welcome the next singer?

00:17:02,000 --> 00:17:05,440

Поприветствуйте следующего исполнителя!

+

00:17:05,440 --> 00:17:08,520

Mr. Michael Mosley!

00:17:05,440 --> 00:17:08,520

Майкл Мозли!

+

00:17:11,320 --> 00:17:15,840

# First I was afraid, I was petrified

00:17:11,320 --> 00:17:15,840

Перевод отсутствует

+

00:17:15,840 --> 00:17:20,280

# Kept thinking I could never live without you by my side... #

00:17:15,840 --> 00:17:20,280

Перевод отсутствует

+

00:17:20,280 --> 00:17:25,240

The first bit of the song is OK because I just have to shout

00:17:20,280 --> 00:17:25,240

Первая часть песни хорошая, потому что мне нужно просто выкрикивать,

+

00:17:25,240 --> 00:17:28,920

but when the music kicks in, I'm stuffed.

00:17:25,240 --> 00:17:28,920

но когда начинается музыка, я теряюсь.

+

00:17:31,840 --> 00:17:35,800

Before I came on, I was thinking, what happens if I freeze?

00:17:31,840 --> 00:17:35,800

Перед выходом на сцену я думал, что случится, если я оцепенею?

+

00:17:35,800 --> 00:17:39,160

And that thought became self-fulfilling.

00:17:35,800 --> 00:17:39,160

И эта мысль стала самодовлеющей.

+

00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:41,240

I've totally shut down.

00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:41,240

Я полностью закрылся.

+

00:17:43,360 --> 00:17:46,720

Now this is obviously a highly unusual situation

00:17:43,360 --> 00:17:46,720

Конечно, это очень необычная ситуация,

+

00:17:46,720 --> 00:17:50,200

but it certainly demonstrates the power of negative thoughts

00:17:46,720 --> 00:17:50,200

но она демонстрирует, какое влияние оказывают негативные мысли

+

00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:52,800

to influence human physiology.

00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:52,800

на рассудок человека.

+

00:18:07,480 --> 00:18:10,080

After the pleasures of karaoke,

00:18:07,480 --> 00:18:10,080

После прелестей караоке

+

00:18:10,080 --> 00:18:14,360

I'm in Boston, Massachusetts, where engineers have invented

00:18:10,080 --> 00:18:14,360

Я отправляюсь в Бостон, штат Массачусетс, где инженеры нашли способ

+

00:18:14,360 --> 00:18:18,800

a discreet way of measuring that most elusive of things -

00:18:14,360 --> 00:18:18,800

измерить самое трудноосязаемое -

+

00:18:18,800 --> 00:18:21,160

our emotions.

00:18:18,800 --> 00:18:21,160

наши эмоции.

+

00:18:21,160 --> 00:18:24,280

It's a device created by Professor Ros Picard,

00:18:21,160 --> 00:18:24,280

Этот приборчик создан профессором Рос Пикард,

+

00:18:24,280 --> 00:18:26,560

who runs the media lab here,

00:18:24,280 --> 00:18:26,560

которая руководит здесь лабораторией,

+

00:18:26,560 --> 00:18:30,040

and it's something you can wear day and night.

00:18:26,560 --> 00:18:30,040

Вы можете носить его днем и ночью.

+

00:18:30,040 --> 00:18:32,040

So, Ros, I've got these wrist bands.

00:18:30,040 --> 00:18:32,040

Ну вот, Рос, я надел эти браслеты.

+

00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:33,480

What exactly are they doing?

00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:33,480

для чего они предназначены?

+

00:18:33,480 --> 00:18:36,760

You need to think about this sort of, as like a new kind of

00:18:33,480 --> 00:18:36,760

Вы можете представить это себе, как нечто вроде микроскопа,

+

00:18:36,760 --> 00:18:39,760

wearable microscope that lets you look inside your body

00:18:36,760 --> 00:18:39,760

который вы надеваете на руку и который позволяет вам

+

00:18:39,760 --> 00:18:42,720

and see some things that previously you couldn't, couldn't see.

00:18:39,760 --> 00:18:42,720

увидеть вещи, которые вы не могли видеть раньше.

+

00:18:42,720 --> 00:18:46,360

How interesting! So, essentially, you're using these

00:18:42,720 --> 00:18:46,360

Как интересно! То есть вы можете использовать это устройство,

+

00:18:46,360 --> 00:18:48,000

to read emotions that people

00:18:46,360 --> 00:18:48,000

чтобы увидеть эмоции, которые люди не выражают,

+

00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:51,200

cannot necessarily express or don't even know they're experiencing?

00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:51,200

или даже не осознают, что они их испытывают?

+

00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:54,280

That's right, and sometimes they're full of surprises.

00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:54,280

Совершенно верно, и иногда это весьма неожиданно.

+

00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:57,400

Oh, you're tantalizing me. You're doing very well.

00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:57,400

О, вы интригуете меня. Вам это прекрасно удается.

+

00:18:57,400 --> 00:19:00,440

OK, are you wearing a pair or is that just a big, snazzy watch?

00:18:57,400 --> 00:19:00,440

Вы тоже носите их, или это просто большие часы?

+

00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:03,920

Yeah, this is just a prototype of a future version that's coming out.

00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:03,920

Да, это прототип новой модели, которая скоро появится.

+

00:19:03,920 --> 00:19:06,720

OK, great.

00:19:03,920 --> 00:19:06,720

OK, замечательно.

+

00:19:06,720 --> 00:19:09,760

The wrist bands can monitor someone's emotional state

00:19:06,720 --> 00:19:09,760

Браслеты на запястьях могут контролировать эмоциональное состояние человека,

+

00:19:09,760 --> 00:19:14,200

by detecting minute changes in the electrical conductivity

00:19:09,760 --> 00:19:14,200

осуществляя мониторинг электропроводимости

-

00:19:14,200 --> 00:19:16,480

and temperature of the skin.

00:19:14,200 --> 00:19:16,480

и температуры его кожи.

+

00:19:16,480 --> 00:19:20,640

These are driven by the so-called autonomic nervous system.