Rivers and lakes of Kyrgyzstan

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MINISTRY OF EDICATION AND SCIENCE OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIK NAMED BY J.BALASAGYN

THE FACULTY OF JURIDICAL

IWS

The theme: Rivers and lakes of Kyrgyzstan

Done by: Asanbaev B.

Checked by: Kanatbekova N.

Bishkek 2015

Rivers and lakes of Kyrgyzstan

Water is a means of human existence on this earth and all the things without which can not do any living being. To fully express the attitude of Kyrgyz water, we need only cite one of their famous saying, which in Kyrgyz reads as follows: "Al Bashi bolboy, Suu Bashy ball" that Russian translation means: "Do not be led by the people, and be led by the water." Thus, it is possible conclude that in Kyrgyzstan the water for the people has always been not just a source of life, but also a symbol of power. In principle, Kyrgyzstan is one of the Central Asian countries, it is quite typical. In this region, water the problem (and small) have always been, therefore, in this case the meaning of the saying becomes obvious.

The main components of water resources of Kyrgyzstan are the rivers, lakes, glaciers, groundwater, mineral springs. In general, the country has more than 2,000 rivers with a length of 10 km and above, the total is their length is almost 35 thousand kilometers. The sources of fresh water reserves here are basically meltwater of glaciers and snowfields. However, though the water temperature in which almost always low in winter, they do not freeze, and all because the rivers here have a very rapid course.

By the way, most of all the rivers that flow in Kyrgyzstan, has its origins in the mountains have snow-white ice blocks.

Water resources in the country are of the status of the main national wealth plays an important role in human life, the formation of fauna and flora, the development of productive forces is not tolkoKirgizii, but also a number of regions of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and China.

Huge amounts of fresh water are concentrated in the glaciers of 6580, reserves of about 760 bln. cubic meters. Glaciers and snow cover in Kyrgyzstan occupy 4.2% of the country. Water glaciers has a fairly high quality, characterized by low salinity and is quite suitable for irrigation and water supply. The total area of glaciers in Kyrgyzstan exceeds 8000 sq.m. The basin Sarydzhaz the largest glacier of the country. In the summer, due to the vanishing ice usually forms a significant part Water river highlands. The water in these rivers flowing among the hard, difficult eroded rock, pure and clear. In the summer it has the color of the sediment belovatoserovaty handed down from the glaciers. Rivers same the current environment of loose, easily eroded rocks during snowmelt or rainstorms become turbid water. kyrgyzstan river lake water resource

The main river is the Naryn in Kyrgyzstan, formed by the merger of the Greater and Lesser Naryn. Then, it merges with the Kara Darya, Naryn forms a great and mighty Syr Darya.

Another major river is the Chu republic. It is formed by the confluence of Dzhuvanaryka and Kochkor. At the exit Boam of Chu valley to the right runs its main tributary ChonKemin, after which it flows to the northwest and, irrigating the fertile fields of the Chui valley, lost in the sands of Muyun-Kum. Other major rivers are Kyrgyzstan Talas Kyzylsu (Alai), Sarydzhaz, Aksai, Sokh. Ground water is formed during the infiltration into the soil and into the small cracks on the surface of the earthrain, snowmelt and other waters.

Lakes in the country is not a lot, each of them individually as a purely genetic, and on the outside characteristics. In some areas of the intermountain basins are situated relatively large lake tectonic origin, as the Issyk-Kul, Son-Kul, Chatyrkёl. In some areas there are gorges channel lakes formed as a result of the impending destruction of rocks, mud landslides, mudflows or glacial moraines dammed streams. As examples of such types of lakes can result in Sarichelek Chatkal ridge Akkol in Kawakami, Beshtashskie Talas Alatau. In the highlands, especially in the Chatkal, Alai and Fergana ranges, there are karst lakes. Often, the water is turquoise and very cold.

Many lakes are flowing and freshwater, brackish water only Issykkul and Chatyrkёlya. And, of course, the blue iridescent gem of Kyrgyzstan is considered to be the lake Issyk-Kul, which It is sung in the songs and the poetry of the East, from ancient times to the present day. It is famous for its unparalleled beauty, crystal clarity of water, golden sand. Around the lake an abundance of gardens, berry and mushroom places. And in the crystal water of its usual golden fish.

Tourists are well within the active forms of recreation, wild mountain rivers of Kyrgyzstan can offer rafting, lakes have the opportunity to go fishing, well, those who rest all other types of They prefer a lazy pastime on the warm shores of kakogonibud sea or lake, the land of nomads pastoralists pleased to offer an unforgettable holiday on the shores of its priceless diamond

Lake Issyk-Kul

Attractions Issyk Kul

Of course, the main attraction of the Issyk-Kul region is itself a magnificent mountain lake, which is the purest mountain water washes away all the accumulated anxiety and stress. But to imagine the full extent of the surrounding beauty, be sure to visit the natural and manmade attractions of the region of Issyk-Kul, that gold placers scattered in the vicinity of the lake. Red rocks Jets-Oguz, the healing power of hot springs Altyn Arashan, picturesque gorges, lakes and waterfalls, ancient rock paintings and historical monuments from different cultures and eras - the primordial harmony of these protected sites delights and makes the soul tremble with excitement! Oh, if it was still possible to take with them in the dusty town particle fresh mountain air, impregnated with the wisdom of age-old Tien Shan fir trees! ..

On the southern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul Lake, south of the village of Tamga the eponymous valley. Known worldwide for this area make the famous stone "Tamga-Tash" carved with Tibetan inscriptions - Buddhist prayer dating back to the VIII-IX centuries. The stones are revered by Buddhists all over the world as sacred and Tamga Gorge is a place of pilgrimage and is very popular among tourists. The hotel also organizes exciting horseback riding through the gorge.

VALLEY Manjyly-ATA

Valley of the sacred springs Manjyly-Ata is located on the southern shore of Issyk-Kul, Ton Bay. Here are preserved petroglyphs of the Stone Age, the ruins of medieval structures, sacred Buddhist inscriptions. But most importantly - in the valley hit the very miraculous springs 12 main and 5 additional. Each source has its own name and unique properties. Today, the valley Manjyly Ata pilgrimages here are held various national measures (for example, hunting with golden eagles).

Dead Lake Kara-Kul

One of the most frequently visited attractions in Issyk-Kul is a natural medical complex - a dead lake Kara-Kul, located 400 meters from the shore of Lake Issyk-Kul. "Dead" lake called by analogy with the Dead Sea, because of the high concentration of salt is not no living creatures can dwell. The water of the lake Kara-Kul, you can lie on the surface, without fear of drowning, and on the coast take a mud bath.

CANYON "Fairy Tale"

On the southern coast of beautiful lake Issyk-Kul near Tamga village has a wonderful creation of nature - the canyon "Fairy Tale". Composed of sand and clay red canyon was formed millions of years under the influence of geological processes of water and wind. The forces of nature painted on the slopes of intricate patterns, red rocks sculpted fairy sculptures. In rainy weather or during strong winds significantly changing terrain of the canyon, and came back again, you can see completely different images and shapes.

Terskey-Alatoo

Issyk-Kul - the magnificent beauty of the lake, to the south of the mountain range is located Terskey Alatoo (the Tien Shan). The ridge rises above the horizon, a majestic wall, as if separating this paradise from the harsh snowy mountain ranges. The wall stretches along the Issyk-Kul lake for 340 km, and is bordered to the north basin ridge Kungei Alatoo. Among this pristine beauty live snow leopards, hunting mountain Tekke (approx. Teke - mountain goats). And the air spaces of Terskey Alatoo plow silver vole, weasel and stoat.

GORGE Ak-Suu

Not far from the village of Karakol and Teploklyuchenka is the eponymous Nature Reserve, which begins for the Ak-Suu gorge. The slopes of the gorge reach 300 meters in height, and runs along the bottom of the rough river Ak-Suu. A few kilometers from the nature reserve Aksu acts resort, where there are about 30 sanatorium and thermal radon sources. Waterfalls, lakes, rocks and high peaks make the Ak-Suu valley one of the most popular destinations for mountain-adventure trips and expeditions.

PETROGLYPHS KARA OI

Gorgeous "art gallery in the open air" near Lake Issyk-Kul is located on the northern outskirts of the village of Kara-Oy, a few kilometers from Cholpon-Ata. Here on the stony field, you can see the boulders, which depicts various animals and hunting scenes. Apart from petroglyphs, there are ancient burial Saka - mounds, reaching a diameter of 100 m, and in the vicinity you can find the remains of ancient household items, such as ceramics. Valley, strewn with stones with masterpieces of art of the ancient world, is unique - technique drawings and their impressive realism. Such large and at the same time, masterfully executed petroglyphs can be seen only in this area.

Hot springs Altyn ARASHAN

Hot Spring Altyn Arashan ("Gold Spring"), surrounded by powerful fir forests and picturesque waterfalls, is 10 km east of the town of Karakol in Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan. Resort "Altyn Arashan" is located on the right bank of the river of the same name and is a closed bath in wooden buildings and open - right over the cliff. The cozy guest houses, where to eat and rest, "called" the weary traveler. The water temperature of about 50 degrees heals and tones.

Dungan mosque

In 1910, in the town of Karakol Dungan mosque was built, made in the best traditions of Chinese architecture. The uniqueness of this mosque is that it was built without a single nail: all parts of the building are connected by means of cuttings and grooves. In the design of the architectural style of the mosque can be traced Qin era, ornamental patterns and presented scenes from the traditional Chinese mythology. According to legend, dragons, phoenixes, lions, fabulous creatures guarding the mosque from evil spirits.

TRINITY ORTHODOX CHURCH

At 12 kilometers from the coast of Issyk-Kul, at the foot of the majestic Terskey Alatoo located Karakol. At the heart of the city is Holy Trinity Orthodox Church, which is one of the most beautiful sights of the city and the only one serving the Orthodox Church in Karakol. Within its walls relics of the holy martyrs - Wash, Tarah, and Andronicus, and the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God, written about a half centuries ago in Athens and survived only thanks to brave hidden miraculous icon of the killers early twentieth century.

MEMORIAL COMPLEX N.Przhevalsky

Nikolay Przhevalsky - an outstanding Russian explorer who dedicated his life to the study of Central Asia. In his memory, 12 kilometers from the town of Karakol, at the highest point of the east coast of the Issyk-Kul lake was built the memorial complex, which is located inside the reserve, named after the traveler. At the reserve you can see the museum, a monument and tomb Przhevalsky. Outstanding forwarder willed to be buried in the vicinity of Lake Issyk-Kul.

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