Tourism development status and planning strategy of small towns in Northeast China

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Article

Tourism development status and planning strategy of small towns in Northeast China

Liu Hongming, Lv Shi, JLJU, Changchun, China

Abstract

The small town in China is an important node in the middle of the big city and the countryside. It can not only be influenced by the driving of the city tourism, but also can not be replaced. In the process of tourism development, because the indigenous inhabitants' inertia space mode and behavior changes. Tourists will get in their daily life, if not handled properly, it is easy to make the tourists and inhabitants in to intensify contradictions. Tourism development needs to be linked with the historical protection, it can make the tourism healthier development if the government and the people participate in. In addition, most of the small towns in Northeast China are lack of regional characteristics, we should focus on the creation of special nodes, and enrich the spatial form of small towns.

Key words: Northeast China; small towns; tourism development; renewal; regional features.

With the development of the times, tourism has become the pillar industry of many countries' economic development. More and more cities have paid attention to the pulling power of tourism to the urban economy, the driving force of social employment and the protection and promotion of natural and cultural environment. Tourism has also become an important way for people to pursue a higher level of life, a modern way of life, to meet people's spiritual needs of a higher level.

Advantages of Small Town Tourism Development. City tourism drive. City-driven, is based on the premise of urban tourism development, in the city within the radiation range of small cities and towns have brought the development of urban tourism power. As an important industry of urban development, urban tourism plays an increasingly important role in development. After several decades of development, urban tourism already has a certain scale, tourism products are also widely covered: tourism, leisure, vacation, shopping, business, exhibition and so on. The small towns within the radiation range show the unique tourism advantage under the influence of urban tourism.

The central city provides a certain proportion of tourists for small town. After experienced industrialization and crazy expansion, the capacity of the city showing saturation. This situation provides opportunities for the development of small towns. As the combination of urban and rural areas, small towns are the most dynamic elements of the urban system. Small towns have a relatively complete transportation system, accommodation and communication functions, but also a simple life in the village atmosphere and humanistic style. Central city's tourism industry continues to grow, it is bound to drive visitors to the outside of the city expansion. This model can promote the transfer of surplus labor, promote local employment, speed up the flow of surplus products, maximize the benefits of social resources.

Rural tourism driven. Rural tourism can attract urban residents or tourists where there have much better tourism resources. But the rural infrastructure is not complete, with the uneven quality of service personnel, visitors will set foot in small towns to the transfer station form. The new countryside in the northeast has a broad market prospect and a good ecological environment. At the same time, the economic development is steady and the society is stable. Although the government attaches importance to rural tourism is not high enough, the gradually developed tourism industry has penetrated into the more advanced rural villages and towns. in. Rural tourism is characterized by the participation of tourists, the time relative to urban tourism is relatively short. People stay in the village is often a daytime experience, and the end of the night is likely to stay in close towns. Rural tourism indirectly promote the small town tourism, it is one of the factors of small town tourism development.

Small towns' own advantage. In addition to geographical location, the traditional cultural and cultural environment is also the advantage of small towns. The traditional streets and alleys of small towns are more intact than big cities and villages. The streets and alleys of small towns not only carry material, but also carry people's lives, recording people's memories, which is full of a variety of public life forms. It is an important place in public life, an extension of public life. Small towns retain the traditional streets and lanes which are the focus of tourism development, retaining the distinctive culture, allowing visitors to experience the unique human customs.

Problems in Tourism Development of Northeastern Small Towns. Relationship between tourists and indigenous inhabitants. There is an economic gap between tourists and indigenous inhabitants for small northeastern towns. Tourists are from the city, with certain economic base, tourism is the spiritual level of enjoyment. northeastern small town residents in the economy is relatively weaker, more is to meet the material needs of life, so it is easy to produce inferiority complex. When the number of tourists soared, the residents of the original living space pattern is broken. Some residents will have a psychological gap, because the original living space is disturbed, even worse there will be some radical behavior [1, p. 216].

The lack of geographical characteristics of the northeastern small towns. At present, the northeast of the small towns remain incomplete streets, the regional characteristics of streets and alleys is not obvious. The traces of modern construction abound, modern culture occupy a high proportion of the original vitality of life, the tide of the times accelerates changes of people's lifestyles which has contributed to the lack of the precious traditional culture. In contrast, the South of many mature tourism town are very seriously in protecting traditional architecture. Perfect traditional streets and lanes to the development of tourism development has many advantages. For example, Wuzhen has a typical Jiangnan water features, complete water town style and pattern preservation of the original late Qing Dynasty and the Republican period. On the basis of retain the local traditional architecture development will get twice the result with half the effort .However, most of the small towns in the north are less aware of the preservation of the traditional architecture with local characteristics during the process of construction, resulting in the lack of geographical features of small towns.

Relationship between protection and renovation. To the northeastern small towns, there is an error zone for protecting traditional buildings. In the period of development and construction, in order to pursuing greater achievements, the attitude of the existing things is often being a big demolition, such as: the majority of the northeastern small towns' traditional buildings are abandoned totally due to quality and functional problems, we didn't give full play to its historical value. Although the new things better than the old things, new things will play a greater role, regardless of the transformation of the original culture will make the direction of small town's development indefinitely. In Short term, it may make some success, which will exposure to the negative effects of unsustainable development.

The Strategy of Tourism Development in northeastern Towns. Government guidance, public participation. In the construction stage of tourism development, the government needs to actively improve the infrastructure construction of small towns, and strive to improve the living conditions of residents and create a harmonious and civilized modern towns. The government should narrow the difference of urban residents and urban residents in the public sphere, such as urban garbage disposal, environment, greening, so that some acts of tourists will not cause too much resentment to the original inhabitants. In the construction of tourist attractions, it should improve the accessibility and pleasure of the tourist attractions, so that tourists have a clear purpose and route of travel, to avoid excessive mix scenic area and living area, to ensure the normal work and the life of the original residents are not disturbed. At the same time, the government should mobilize the people actively involved in the tourism construction of towns, so that people will realize that tourism development is not to destroy people's living environment, but to increase relatively backward small town's development momentum, people's quality of life and the environment will be a fundamental improvement [2, p. 46]. Only through proper guidance and construction by the government , the relationship between tourists and indigenous inhabitants will be relieved without prejudice to the normal living space of the indigenous inhabitants.

To ensure the collaborative development of tourism development and protection. Tourism development and protection update at the same time is the prerequisite and foundation for the protection and development of the historical culture of the small town.

Protection and renovation of the relationship does not exist in opposition, the transformation of the internal function of the old buildings and the reinforcement of the structure is also a way to protect the old buildings. For example, when the old industrial heritage lost its original production function, which also belongs to the historical protection of buildings, the future development trend is the transformation of the theoretical premise of green and sustainable development. Then it has new features with new value. There are many examples of successful transformation of old industrial buildings. Only the combination of protection and renovation can realize the organic renewal of the city, so that the city has a clear context and healthy development under the premise of preserving its own history.

Cultural relics need to be well protected in order to be able to long-term preservation, such protection is not absolute protection. That absolute protection requires high management costs and maintenance costs, which not only increased the burden on the government and local residents directly and indirectly, but also make the historical heritage difficult to be effectively protected. Reasonable tourism development can stimulate the local economy, improve the living standards of residents, increase tax. Ticket income can get the necessary funds for the protection of historical relics, so they can get better protection.

Focus on the streets and alleys landscape, create unique nodes. Small town natural resources and human resources have their own characteristics. We should make reasonable use of the advantages of the small towns in Northeast China, and prevent the development of the same tourism development planning and construction. The architectural features, folk culture and traditional neighborhoods of small towns constitute the core of their personality. Climate of northeastern small towns is also different from the southern towns. For example: to solve the height problem in the sidewalk, the northeastern towns often use steps, thus the southern towns can use ramp. This is because the northeastern winter is snowy, the ramp is very slippery, it is going to be dangerous. The buildings in northeastern small towns are large with stable color. On the other side, the buildings in southern small towns can use wood with smaller volumes and light color.

The traditional streets and alleys of the northeastern small towns are continuous with few nodes. In order to meet the needs of modern recreation, a lot of northeastern towns construct large square space, however, such a large square is useless in the northeast long winter. So small towns should set up small square space as a node. Through dislocation, turning and other means to enrich the spatial form of small towns.

Conclusion

town china tourism

China's urban population is growing year by year, urbanization is accelerating, but the quality of urban environment is worrying. The environmental and social problems such as haze, water pollution and traffic congestion are endless. In order to avoid the real environmental problems, urban residents go to small towns and rural to relax. With the unique geographical advantages, the northeastern small towns need to carry out more reasonable planning and construction of tourism development. On the one hand, it is necessary to carry out rational renovation of unique streets and alleys. On the other hand, it is necessary to consider tourists' influence to a minimum. This is not only make the tourists close to the humanities and natural, but also promote the economic development of small towns and prove the protection of historical and cultural. Through the rational planning and development of tourism in the northeastern small towns, the towns can be built into the back garden of the northeastern metropolis.

References

1. Qiyun LIU. Northeast China(Theoretical Innovation); China, Guangxi daily. -- 2009. -- 216 p.

2. Weibo FENG. Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University (Social Science Edition); China, Chongqing Jianzhu University. -- 2001. -- 45p.

ЛюХунмин, ЛуШи

JLJU, Чанчунь, Китай

СТАТУС РАЗВИТИЯ ТУРИЗМА И МЕТОДИКА ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ МАЛЕНЬКИХ ГОРОДОВ В СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНОМ КИТАЕ

Абстракт -- Маленький город в Китае - это важный «узел» между крупным городом и сельской местностью. Он находится не только под влиянием движения городских туристов, но также не может быть перемещен. В процессе развития туризма стал заметен режим инерции пространства в поведении коренных жителей и их отношении к приезжим гостям. Туристы живут своей повседневной жизнью, и если не организовать этот процесс должным образом, можно усилить противоречия между туристами и местными жителями. Развитие туризма должно быть связано с защитой локальной истории, если вовлечь местных людей на разных уровнях и с разных сторон в процесс туристического развития, это может помочь ему, поднять его статус.

Кроме того, так как большинство малых городов на северо-востоке Китая не имеют крупных региональных особенностей (этот регион КНР -- Маньчжурия имеет сравнительно молодую городскую культуру, в отличие от очень древних, обладающих богатым историческим прошлым центральных и южных районов страны -- прим, редактора). Мы должны сосредоточиться на создании отличительных характерных черт таких «узлов», и обогатить пространственную форму малых городов.

Ключевые слова: Северо-восточный Китай; малые города; развитие туризма; обновление; региональные особенности.

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