ó㳺í³÷íà îö³íêà çì³í ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíèõ ñòóäåíò³â: òåíäåíö³¿ òà îñîáëèâîñò³ çà ð³çíèõ óìîâ íàâ÷àííÿ

Çä³éñíåííÿ ã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ îö³íêè îñîáëèâîñòåé çì³í ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíî¿ ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³ ó íàòóðíèõ òà ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ óìîâàõ. Ïîáóäîâà ïðåâåíòèâíîãî îñâ³òíüîãî ïðîñòîðó ó ñó÷àñíèõ çàêëàäàõ âèùî¿ ìåäè÷íî¿ îñâ³òè.

Ðóáðèêà Ïñèõîëîãèÿ
Âèä ñòàòüÿ
ßçûê óêðàèíñêèé
Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ 04.12.2023
Ðàçìåð ôàéëà 34,2 K

Îòïðàâèòü ñâîþ õîðîøóþ ðàáîòó â áàçó çíàíèé ïðîñòî. Èñïîëüçóéòå ôîðìó, ðàñïîëîæåííóþ íèæå

Ñòóäåíòû, àñïèðàíòû, ìîëîäûå ó÷åíûå, èñïîëüçóþùèå áàçó çíàíèé â ñâîåé ó÷åáå è ðàáîòå, áóäóò âàì î÷åíü áëàãîäàðíû.

Ðàçìåùåíî íà http://www.allbest.ru/

ó㳺í³÷íà îö³íêà çì³í ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíèõ ñòóäåíò³â: òåíäåíö³¿ òà îñîáëèâîñò³ çà ð³çíèõ óìîâ íàâ÷àííÿ

Õîìåíêî ²ðèíà Ìèõàéë³âíà, äîêòîð ìåäè÷íèõ íàóê, ïðîôåñîð, çàâ³äóâà÷ êàôåäðè ãðîìàäñüêîãî çäîðîâ'ÿ, åï³äåì³îëî㳿 òà åêîëî㳿, Íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò îõîðîíè çäîðîâ'ÿ Óêðà¿íè ³ìåí³ Ï.Ë. Øóïèêà

Øåâ÷óê Òàðàñ Âîëîäèìèðîâè÷, êàíäèäàò ìåäè÷íèõ íàóê, äîöåíò, äîöåíò êàôåäðè çàãàëüíî¿ ã³ã³ºíè òà åêîëî㳿, ³ííèöüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé ìåäè÷íèé óí³âåðñèòåò ³ì. Ì.². Ïèðîãîâà

Ïàí÷óê Îëåêñàíäð Þõèìîâè÷, äîêòîð ìåäè÷íèõ íàóê, äîöåíò êàôåäðè çàãàëüíî¿ ã³ã³ºíè òà åêîëî㳿, ³ííèöüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé ìåäè÷íèé óí³âåðñèòåò ³ì. Ì.². Ïèðîãîâà

Àíîòàö³ÿ

Îäíèì ³ç íàéâàæëèâ³øèõ ïîêàçíèê³â çä³éñíåííÿ êîìïëåêñíî¿ ã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ îö³íêè îñîáëèâîñòåé ïåðåá³ãó ïðîöåñ³â ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ëþäèíè äî âèêîíàííÿ íàâ÷àëüíî- àáî ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ îáîâ'ÿçê³â ÿê ï³ä ÷àñ çäîáóòòÿ ïåâíî¿ ñóìè çíàíü, òàê ³ â õîä³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ íàáóòèõ óì³íü, ÿê ó çâè÷íèõ, òàê ³, ïåðåäóñ³ì, ó íåçâè÷íèõ óìîâàõ ïåðåáóâàííÿ, çîêðåìà âïðîäîâæ ñòóäåíòñüêîãî ïåð³îäó æèòòÿ, º äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðîâ³äíèõ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é, ùî â³äîáðàæóþòü ôóíêö³îíàëüí³ ìîæëèâîñò³ âèùî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ òà çîðîâî¿ ñåíñîðíî¿ ñèñòåìè.

Ìåòîþ íàóêîâî¿ ðîáîòè áóëî çä³éñíåííÿ ã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ îö³íêè îñîáëèâîñòåé çì³í ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíî¿ ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³ ó íàòóðíèõ òà ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ óìîâàõ.

Äîñë³äæåííÿ, ïðîâîäèëèñü ÿê ó çâè÷íèõ óìîâàõ ïåðåáóâàííÿ, òàê ³ çà óìîâ çàïðîâàäæåííÿ ñïåö³àëüíî ðîçðîáëåíî¿ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ïðîöåñ³â ôîðìóâàííÿ òà ðîçâèòêó ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é çà ð³çíèõ (íàòóðíèõ, ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ) óìîâ äîñë³äæóâàëèñü ³ç âèêîðèñòàííÿì çàãàëüíîïðèéíÿòèõ ó ïðàêòèö³ ã³ã³ºí³÷íèõ äîñë³äæåíü ìåòîäèê.

 õîä³ ïðîâåäåíèõ äîñë³äæåíü âèçíà÷åí³ ïðîâ³äí³ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ïåðåá³ãó ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíî¿ ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³ ó íàòóðíèõ òà ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ, çàâäÿêè âèêîðèñòàííþ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â, óìîâàõ, ïðîâ³äíèìè åòàïàìè ïðàêòè÷íî¿ ðåàë³çàö³¿ ÿêî¿ áóëè íàñòóïí³ åòàïè: åòàï ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ äîáîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, çì³ñòîì ÿêîãî º çä³éñíåííÿ êîðåêö³¿ îñíîâíèõ ðåæèìíèõ åëåìåíò³â äîáîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â; åòàï ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ ðåàá³ë³òàö³¿, ùî îáóìîâëþº îïòèì³çàö³þ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íîãî ñòàíó îðãàí³çìó ä³â÷àò ³ þíàê³â òà çàáåçïå÷óº ïð³îðèòåòíèé ðîçâèòîê ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é; åòàï ïñèõîã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ êîðåêö³¿, ùî çàáåçïå÷óº àêòèâíå ôîðìóâàííÿ ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ îñîáëèâîñòåé îñîáèñòîñò³.

Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ïåðåá³ã ïðîöåñ³â ðîçâèòêó ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é ³, îòæå, ïåðåá³ã ïðîöåñ³â ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿, âíàñë³äîê àêòèâíîãî çàïðîâàäæåííÿ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â ìåäè÷íîãî çàêëàäó âèùî¿ îñâ³òè íå º îäíîð³äíèì.

Âèÿâëåíî, ùî á³ëüø³ñòü ç ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é, ÿê³ ï³äëÿãàëè âèâ÷åííþ, à ñàìå: øâèäê³ñòü ïðîñòî¿ çîðîâî-ìîòîðíî¿ ðåàêö³¿, ðóõëèâ³ñòü ³ âð³âíîâàæåí³ñòü íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â, êðèòè÷íà ÷àñòîòà çëèòòÿ ñâ³òëîâèõ ìèãîò³íü õàðàêòåðèçóâàëèñü ïîñòóïîâèì òà ð³âíîì³ðíèì óäîñêîíàëåííÿì ¿õ êðèòåð³àëüíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â âïðîäîâæ ïåð³îäó ñïîñòåðåæåíü (ð<0,01-0,001). Íàòîì³ñòü õâèëåïîä³áíèé õàðàêòåð ðîçâèòêó (ð>0,05) ç ïåðåâàæíèì ðîçâèòêîì ôóíêö³¿ ïðîòÿãîì ïåðøèõ ì³ñÿö³â ñïîñòåðåæåíü äîñë³äæåíü áóâ âëàñòèâèì äëÿ ïîêàçíèê³â ë³í³éíîãî îêîì³ðó.

Îäåðæàí³ äàí³ º âàãîìèì ï³ä´ðóíòÿì äëÿ ðîçðîáëåííÿ çàõîä³â çäîðîâ'ÿçáåð³ãàþ÷îãî ñïðÿìóâàííÿ òà º îñíîâîþ ùîäî ïîáóäîâè ïðåâåíòèâíîãî îñâ³òíüîãî ïðîñòîðó ó ñó÷àñíèõ çàêëàäàõ âèùî¿ ìåäè÷íî¿ îñâ³òè.

Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íà àäàïòàö³ÿ, ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷í³ ôóíêö³¿, ã³ã³ºí³÷íà îö³íêà, ñòóäåíòè, çàêëàä âèùî¿ îñâ³òè, íàâ÷àííÿ.

Abstract

Khomenko Iryna Mykhaylivna Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Ecology, Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine

Shevchuk Taras Volodymyrovych PhD, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of General Hygiene and Ecology, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University

Panchuk Oleksandr Yukhimovych Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of General Hygiene and Ecology, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University

HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN THE LEADING CHARACTERISTICS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF MODERN STUDENTS: TRENDS AND FEATURES UNDER DIFFERENT LEARNING CONDITIONS

One of the most important indicators of the implementation of a complex hygienic assessment of the peculiarities of processes of psychophysiological adaptation of a person to the performance of educational or professionally significant duties during the acquisition of a certain amount of knowledge and during the implementation of acquired skills, both in the usual and, above all, in unusual conditions of stay, in particular during the student period of life, there is a study of leading psychophysiological functions that reflect the functional capabilities of higher nervous activity and the visual sensory system.

The aim of the scientific work was to carry out a hygienic assessment of the peculiarities of changes in the leading characteristics of the psychophysiological adaptation of modern student youth in natural and preformed conditions.

The research was conducted both in the usual conditions of stay and under the conditions of implementation of the developed program of rational organization of students' daily activities. The characteristics of the processes of formation and development of psychophysiological functions were studied under different (natural, preformed) conditions using the methods generally accepted in the practice of hygienic research.

In the course of the conducted research, the leading characteristics of the course of psychophysiological adaptation of modern student youth in natural and preformed students were determined, thanks to the use of the program of rational organization of daily activities of students, conditions, the leading stages of practical implementation of which were the following stages: the stage of rational organization of daily activities, the content of which is the correction of the main regime elements of students' daily activities; the stage of psychophysiological rehabilitation, which determines the optimization of the psychophysiological state of the organism of young women and young men and ensures the priority development of professionally significant psychophysiological functions; the stage of psychohygienic correction, which ensures the active formation of professionally significant personality traits.

It was established that the course of the development of psychophysiological functions and, therefore, the course of the processes of psychophysiological adaptation, as a result of the active implementation of the program of rational organization of daily activities of students of a medical institution of higher education, is not homogeneous.

It was found that most of the psychophysiological functions that were subject to study, namely: the speed of a simple visual-motor reaction, the mobility and balance of nervous processes, the critical frequency of the fusion of light flashes, were characterized by a gradual and uniform improvement of their criterion indicators during the period of observation (ð<0.01-0.001). Instead, the wave-like character of the development (p>0.05) with the predominant development of the function during the first months of research observations was typical for the indicators of the linear eye gauge.

The obtained data are a valid basis for the development of health-preserving measures and are the basis for the construction of a preventive educational space in modern institutions of higher medical education.

Keywords: psychophysiological adaptation, psychophysiological functions, hygienic assessment, students, higher education institution.

Ïîñòàíîâêà ïðîáëåìè

ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íà àäàïòàö³ÿ ñòóäåíò

Îäíèì ³ç íàéâàæëèâ³øèõ, íàâ³òü êðèòåð³àëüíèõ, ïîêàçíèê³â çä³éñíåííÿ êîìïëåêñíî¿ ã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ îö³íêè îñîáëèâîñòåé ïåðåá³ãó ïðîöåñ³â ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ëþäèíè äî âèêîíàííÿ íàâ÷àëüíî- àáî ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ îáîâ'ÿçê³â ÿê ï³ä ÷àñ çäîáóòòÿ ïåâíî¿ ñóìè çíàíü, òàê ³ â õîä³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ íàáóòèõ óì³íü, ÿê ó çâè÷íèõ, òàê ³, ïåðåäóñ³ì, ó íåçâè÷íèõ óìîâàõ ïåðåáóâàííÿ, ãîëîâíîþ îçíàêîþ ÿêèõ ñë³ä ââàæàòè ñóòòºâó ïåðåáóäîâó äèíàì³÷íîãî ðîáî÷îãî ñòåðåîòèïó, ùî ñêëàâñÿ, çîêðåìà âïðîäîâæ ñòóäåíòñüêîãî ïåð³îäó æèòòÿ, º äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðîâ³äíèõ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é, ùî â³äîáðàæóþòü ôóíêö³îíàëüí³ ìîæëèâîñò³ âèùî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ òà çîðîâî¿ ñåíñîðíî¿ ñèñòåìè [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

ijéñíî, ïðîöåñ íàâ÷àííÿ ä³â÷àò ³ þíàê³â â óìîâàõ ñó÷àñíèõ çàêëàä³â âèùî¿ îñâ³òè íåðîçðèâíî ïîâ'ÿçàíèé ³ç íåîáõ³äí³ñòþ ïîäîëàííÿ ö³ëîãî êîìïëåêñó ÿâèù íåðâîâî-åìîö³éíîãî ³ çîðîâîãî íàïðóæåííÿ òà ïñèõîëîã³÷íîãî äèñêîìôîðòó [7, 8, 9, 10]. Òîìó àíàë³ç äàíèõ ùîäî âèçíà÷åííÿ çàêîíîì³ðíîñòåé ïðîöåñ³â ôîðìóâàííÿ ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê âèùî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, íàñàìïåðåä, âåëè÷èí ëàòåíòíèõ ïåð³îä³â ñåíñîìîòîðíèõ ðåàêö³é òà îñíîâíèõ âëàñòèâîñòåé íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â äîçâîëÿº äîâîë³ ÷³òêî çàñâ³ä÷èòè ³, íàâ³òü àáî ÿê³ñíî, àáî, íàâ³òü, ê³ëüê³ñíî âèçíà÷èòè ñòóï³íü ãîòîâíîñò³ ñòóäåíòñòâà äî âèêîíàííÿ êîï³òêî¿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ çà óìîâ âïëèâó ãà ¿õ îðãàí³çìó äî ð³çíîìàí³òíèõ ÷èííèê³â ççîâí³.

 òîé æå ÷àñ äî ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó çîðîâî¿ ñåíñîðíî¿ ñèñòåìè ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³, âèõîäÿ÷è ³ç çàãàëüíîïðèéíÿòèõ ïîçèö³é, â³äíîñÿòü ïîêàçíèêè êðèòè÷íî¿ ÷àñòîòè çëèòòÿ ñâ³òëîâèõ ìèãîò³íü òà òî÷íîñò³ ë³í³éíîãî îêîì³ðó. Ó öüîìó êîíòåêñò³ ñë³ä â³äçíà÷èòè ³ òîé ôàêò, ùî îö³íêà êðèòè÷íî¿ ÷àñòîòè çëèòòÿ ñâ³òëîâèõ ìèãîò³íü àáî âèçíà÷åííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíî ìîæëèâî¿ ÷àñòîòè ¿õ ïðåä'ÿâëåííÿ, ïðè ÿê³é äîñë³äæóâàíà îñîáà ùå ðîçð³çíÿº îêðåì³ ç íèõ, íàäຠìîæëèâ³ñòü îòðèìàòè â³äîìîñò³ ³ ïðî ñòàí ëàá³ëüíîñò³ âèùî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³.  òîé æå ÷àñ âèâ÷åííÿ ñòóïåíÿ òî÷íîñò³ ë³í³éíîãî îêîì³ðó º íåâ³ä'ºìíèì êîìïîíåíòîì êîìïëåêñíî¿ îö³íêè ð³âíÿ ðîçâèòêó çîðîâî-ðóõîâî¿ êîîðäèíàö³¿ òà øâèäêîñò³ ôîðìóâàííÿ ³ ïåðåáóäîâè ðîáî÷îãî äèíàì³÷íîãî ñòåðåîòèïó, ÿêèé º íåîáõ³äíèì äëÿ åôåêòèâíîãî âèêîíàííÿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ [1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15].

Àíàë³ç îñòàíí³õ äîñë³äæåíü ³ ïóáë³êàö³é

Ñòàíîâèùå, ùî ìຠì³ñöå, îáóìîâëþº íàãàëüíó ïîòðåáó ó âñåá³÷íîìó ðîçãëÿä³ òà âèâ÷åíí³ ïèòàíü ùîäî çä³éñíåííÿ îá'ºêòèâíî¿ ã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ îö³íêè îñîáëèâîñòåé çì³í ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíî¿ ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³ ÿê ó íàòóðíèõ, òàê ³ ó ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ óìîâàõ.

Îäíàê, íà ñüîãîäí³, ùå íå â ïîâí³é ì³ð³ âèâ÷åí³ îñîáëèâîñò³ ïðîöåñ³â ôîðìóâàííÿ ïðîâ³äíèõ íàâ÷àëüíî- ³ ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ ôóíêö³é îðãàí³çìó îñ³á, ÿê³ íàâ÷àþòüñÿ, âèêîðèñòîâóþ÷è ð³çí³ çà çì³ñòîì, íàïîâíåííÿì, õàðàêòåðîì òà ïîáóäîâîþ ï³äõîäè äî îðãàí³çàö³¿ íàâ÷àëüíîãî ïðîöåñó, íå âñòàíîâëåí³ ÷³òêî îêðåñëåí³ çàêîíîì³ðíîñò³ ïðîöåñ³â ïåðåá³ãó ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíîãî ñòóäåíòñòâà.

Îòæå, íàóêîâå äîñë³äæåííÿ, â öåíòð³ ÿêîãî çíàõîäèòüñÿ îá´ðóíòóâàííÿ ï³äõîä³â äî îö³íêè çðóøåíü, ùî ðåºñòðóþòüñÿ ç áîêó ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³, êîòðà íàâ÷àºòüñÿ ÿê ó íàòóðíèõ, òàê ³ ó ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ óìîâàõ ïåðåáóâàííÿ â ñó÷àñíèõ çàêëàäàõ âèùî¿ îñâ³òè.

Ìåòà ñòàòò³ - ã³ã³ºí³÷íà îö³íêà îñîáëèâîñòåé çì³í ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíî¿ ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³ ó íàòóðíèõ òà ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ óìîâàõ.

Âèêëàä îñíîâíîãî ìàòåð³àëó

Äîñë³äæåííÿ, ñïðÿìîâàí³ íà âñòàíîâëåííÿ îñîáëèâîñòåé çì³í ç áîêó êðèòåð³àëüíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿, äî ÷èñëà ÿêèõ áóëî â³äíåñåíî ïîêàçíèêè ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó âèùî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ³ çîðîâî¿ ñåíñîðíî¿ ñèñòåìè ³, îòæå, îêðåìèõ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é, ÿê ó íàòóðíèõ óìîâàõ ïåðåáóâàííÿ, òàê ³ çà óìîâ çàïðîâàäæåííÿ ðîçðîáëåíî¿ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â, ïðîâîäèëèñü ó ³ííèöüêîìó íàö³îíàëüíîìó ìåäè÷íîìó óí³âåðñèòåò³ ³ì. Ì. ². Ïèðîãîâà íà âèõ³äíîìó åòàï³ çàñâîºííÿ îñâ³òí³õ ïðîãðàì ìàã³ñòåðñüêîãî ð³âíÿ. Äî ÷èñëà ïðîâ³äíèõ åòàï³â ðåàë³çàö³¿ çàïðîïîíîâàíîãî ï³äõîäó ñë³ä áóëî â³äíåñòè: åòàï ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ äîáîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, çì³ñòîì ÿêîãî áóëî çä³éñíåííÿ êîðåêö³¿ îñíîâíèõ ðåæèìíèõ åëåìåíò³â äîáîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â; åòàï ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ ðåàá³ë³òàö³¿, ùî îáóìîâëþâàâ îïòèì³çàö³þ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íîãî ñòàíó îðãàí³çìó ä³â÷àò ³ þíàê³â òà çàáåçïå÷óâàâ ïð³îðèòåòíèé ðîçâèòîê ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é; åòàï ïñèõîã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ êîðåêö³¿, ùî çàáåçïå÷óâàâ àêòèâíå ôîðìóâàííÿ ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ îñîáëèâîñòåé îñîáèñòîñò³.

Ç ö³ºþ ìåòîþ áóëè ñôîðìîâàí³ 2 ãðóïè ïîð³âíÿííÿ: ÿê äî ñêëàäó ãðóïè êîíòðîëþ, òàê ³ äî ñêëàäó ãðóïè âòðó÷àííÿ áóëî âêëþ÷åí³ ïî 70 ñòóäåíò³â (36 ä³â÷àò ³ 34 þíàêè). Ãðóïè, ùî áóëè âèä³ëåí³, õàðàêòåðèçóâàëèñü âèñîêèì ñòóïåíåì îäíîð³äíîñò³ ³, îòæå, â ïîâí³é ì³ð³ çàáåçïå÷óâàëè ÿê³ñíó òà ê³ëüê³ñíó ðåïðåçåíòàòèâí³ñòü îäåðæàíèõ ðåçóëüòàò³â. Òàêèì ÷èíîì, ï³äõ³ä, ùî áóâ çàïðîâàäæåíèé, íàäàâàâ ìîæëèâ³ñòü îá'ºêòèâíî ³ òî÷íî âèçíà÷èòè ïðîâ³äí³ îñîáëèâîñò³ ïðîöåñ³â ôîðìóâàííÿ êðèòåð³àëüíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó îðãàí³çìó ñòóäåíò³â ÿê ó íàòóðíèõ, òàê ³ ó ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ óìîâàõ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ â ñó÷àñíîìó ìåäè÷íîìó çàêëàä³ âèùî¿ îñâ³òè.

Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ïðîöåñ³â ôîðìóâàííÿ òà ðîçâèòêó ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é, ÿê³ áóëè îçíà÷åí³, çà ð³çíèõ (íàòóðíèõ, ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ) óìîâ äîñë³äæóâàëèñü ³ç âèêîðèñòàííÿì çàãàëüíîïðèéíÿòèõ ó ïðàêòèö³ ã³ã³ºí³÷íèõ äîñë³äæåíü ìåòîäèê. Çîêðåìà, øâèäê³ñòü ïðîñòî¿ çîðîâî-ìîòîðíî¿ ðåàêö³¿ (âèçíà÷åííÿ âåëè÷èí ¿¿ ëàòåíòíîãî ïåð³îäó) òà ðóõëèâîñò³ (÷èñëî çðèâ³â ðåàêö³é äèôåðåíö³þâàííÿ) ³ âð³âíîâàæåíîñò³ (âèâ÷åííÿ ðåàêö³¿ íà îá'ºêò, ùî ðóõàºòüñÿ) îñíîâíèõ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â äîñë³äæóâàëèñü øëÿõîì ïðîâåäåííÿ õðîíîðåôëåêñîìåòð³¿, êðèòè÷íà ÷àñòîòà çëèòòÿ ñâ³òëîâèõ ìèãîò³íü - ³ç âèêîðèñòàííÿì ìåòîäèêè “Ñâ³òëîòåñò”, ë³í³éíèé îêîì³ð - øëÿõîì çàñòîñóâàííÿ ë³í³éêè Ãàëüòîíà.

Ñòàòèñòè÷íå îïðàöþâàííÿ îäåðæàíèõ äàíèõ çä³éñíþâàëîñü ³ç çàñòîñóâàííÿì ïàêåòó ïðèêëàäíèõ ïðîãðàì áàãàòîâèì³ðíîãî ñòàòèñòè÷íîãî àíàë³çó ”Statistica 6.1” (ë³öåíç³éíèé ¹ EXXR901E245722FA) íà îñíîâ³ ðåçóëüòàò³â ðåàë³çàö³¿ ïðîöåäóð îïèñîâî¿ ñòàòèñòèêè (äåñêðèïòèâíèé àíàë³ç).

Êîíôë³êò ³íòåðåñ³â â³äñóòí³é. Çã³äíî ³ç ð³øåííÿì Êîì³òåòó ç á³îåòèêè ³ííèöüêîãî íàö³îíàëüíîãî ìåäè÷íîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ³ì. Ì. ². Ïèðîãîâà (ïðîòîêîë ¹ 11, 26.11.2020 ð.) ïðîâåäåííÿ íàóêîâî¿ ðîáîòè, äîñë³äæåííÿ â ïîâí³é ì³ð³ â³äïîâ³äàëî á³îåòè÷íèì ³ ìîðàëüíî-ïðàâîâèì âèìîãàì Ãåëüñ³íñüêî¿ äåêëàðàö³¿, Êîíâåíö³¿ Ðàäè ªâðîïè ïðî ïðàâà ëþäèíè ³ á³îìåäèöèíó, ïîëîæåííÿì ÂÎÎÇ, çàêîíàì Óêðà¿íè òà íàêàçó ÌÎÇ Óêðà¿íè ¹ 281 â³ä 01.11.2000 ðîêó.

Òàáëèöÿ 1

Ïîêàçíèêè ëàòåíòíîãî ïåð³îäó ïðîñòî¿ çîðîâî-ìîòîðíî¿ ðåàêö³¿ ñòóäåíò³â â äèíàì³ö³ äîñë³äæåíü, ìñ

×àñ äîñë³äæåíü

Ãðóïè ñòóäåíò³â

ðãê-ãâ

Ãðóïà êîíòðîëþ

Ãðóïà âòðó÷àííÿ

n

M±m

n

M±m

ijâ÷àòà

ïî÷àòîê

36

188,33±2,71

36

185,25±3,77

>0,05

ê³íåöü

36

180,66±2,36

36

165,08±2,11

<0,001

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,001

Þíàêè

ïî÷àòîê

34

177,28±2,90

34

182,15±3,47

>0,05

ê³íåöü

34

175,47±4,67

34

164,22±2,20

<0,05

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,001

 õîä³ ïðîâåäåíèõ äîñë³äæåíü ï³ä ÷àñ àíàë³çó ïîêàçíèê³â øâèäêîñò³ óìîâíî¿ ðåàêö³¿ ñåðåä ñòóäåíò³â ãðóïè êîíòðîëþ, ÿêèé áóâ ïðîâåäåíèé ó õîä³ íàøèõ äîñë³äæåíü, âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî â òðàäèö³éíèõ óìîâàõ íàâ÷àííÿ ó ìåäè÷íîìó çàêëàä³ âèùî¿ îñâ³òè âåëè÷èíà ¿¿ ëàòåíòíîãî ïåð³îäó ñåðåä ä³â÷àò çìåíøóâàëàñü ç 188,33±2,71 äî 180,66±2,36 ìñ (ð>0,05), ñåðåä þíàê³â - ç 177,28±2,90 äî 175,47±4,67 ìñ (ð>0,05). Íàòîì³ñòü â óìîâàõ çàïðîâàäæåííÿ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â ñòóï³íü âèðàæåííÿ ñïðèÿòëèâèõ çðóøåíü ç áîêó êðèòåð³àëüíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â âèùî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, ùî âèçíà÷àëèñü, áóâ çíà÷íî á³ëüø âèðàæåíèì. Çîêðåìà, ñåðåä ä³â÷àò âåëè÷èíà ëàòåíòíîãî ïåð³îäó ïðîñòî¿ çîðîâî-ìîòîðíî¿ ðåàêö³¿ äîñòîâ³ðíî çìåíøóâàëàñü ç 185,25±3,77 äî 165,08±2,11 ìñ (ð<0,001), ñåðåä þíàê³â - ç 182,15±3,47 äî 164,22±2,20 ìñ (ð<0,001). ̳æãðóïîâ³ â³äì³ííîñò³ ðåºñòðóâàëèñü ëèøå íàïðèê³íö³ ïåð³îäó ñïîñòåðåæåíü (ð<0,05-0,001).

Ðåçóëüòàòè îö³íêè ïîêàçíèê³â ðóõëèâîñò³ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â, ùî âèçíà÷àëèñü çà ÷èñëîì çðèâ³â äèôåðåíö³éîâàíèõ ðåàêö³é ó õîä³ äîñë³äæåííÿ øâèäêîñò³ çîðîâî-ìîòîðíî¿ ðåàêö³¿ â óìîâàõ âèáîðó, â äåùî ìåíø³é ì³ð³, ïðîòå, òàêîæ çàñâ³ä÷óâàëè íàÿâí³ñòü ñïðèÿòëèâîãî âïëèâó ðîçðîáëåíî¿ ïðîãðàìè (òàáë. 2). Òàê, ó ä³â÷àò ãðóïè êîíòðîëþ ÷èñëî ïîìèëîê ó õîä³ äèôåðåíö³þâàííÿ â äèíàì³ö³ ñïîñòåðåæåíü çìåíøóâàëîñü ç 2,08±0,03 äî 1,94±0,02 (ð>0,05), ó þíàê³â - ç 1,83±0,07 äî 1,79±0,03 (ð>0,05). Çâåðòàâ íà ñåáå óâàãó ³ òîé ôàêò, ùî ïðîöåñ ïîêðàùàííÿ ïðîâ³äíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â, ÿê³ äîñë³äæóâàëèñü, ìàâ ñòàòåâî îáóìîâëåíèé õàðàêòåð. Äëÿ ä³â÷àò äîâîë³ âëàñòèâèì ñë³ä áóëî ââàæàòè ïåðåâàæíî ð³âíîì³ðíèé õàðàêòåð ¿õ ðîçâèòêó òà ôîðìóâàííÿ, íàòîì³ñòü, ñåðåä þíàê³â ñïî÷àòêó ñïîñòåð³ãàëîñü ïîì³ðíå ïîã³ðøàííÿ ïàðàìåòð³â ó ç³ñòàâëåíí³ ç âèõ³äíèìè âåëè÷èíàìè, à ïîò³ì íåçíà÷íå ¿õ ïîêðàùåííÿ.

Òàáëèöÿ 2

Ïîêàçíèêè ðóõëèâîñò³ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â ñòóäåíò³â â äèíàì³ö³ äîñë³äæåíü, ÷èñëî çðèâ³â äèôåðåíö³éîâàíèõ ðåàêö³é

×àñ äîñë³äæåíü

Ãðóïè ñòóäåíò³â

ðãê-ãâ

Ãðóïà êîíòðîëþ

Ãðóïà âòðó÷àííÿ

n

M±m

n

M±m

ijâ÷àòà

ïî÷àòîê

36

2,08±0,03

36

2,11±0,02

>0,05

ê³íåöü

36

1,94±0,02

36

1,68±0,03

<0,001

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,001

Þíàêè

ïî÷àòîê

34

1,83±0,07

34

1,98±0,08

>0,05

ê³íåöü

34

1,79±0,03

34

1,60±0,03

<0,001

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,01

Çà óìîâ âèêîðèñòàííÿ ðîçðîáëåíî¿ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â ïîêàçíèêè ðóõëèâîñò³ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â

íåçàëåæíî â³ä ñòàòåâî¿ çàëåæíîñò³ ìàëè òåíäåíö³þ äî ïåâíîãî çìåíøåííÿ ÷èñëà ïîìèëîê ï³ä ÷àñ òåñòóâàííÿ.  ö³ëîìó ñåðåä ä³â÷àò ó äèíàì³ö³ ñïîñòåðåæåíü ÷èñëî çðèâ³â äèôåðåíö³éîâàíèõ ðåàêö³é çíèæóâàëîñü ç 2,11±0,02 äî 1,68±0,03 (ð<0,001), ñåðåä þíàê³â - ç 1,98±0,08 äî 1,60±0,03 (ð<0,01). ̳æãðóïîâ³ â³äì³ííîñò³, ïåðåâàæíî ó ä³â÷àò íàïðèê³íö³ ÷àñó äîñë³äæåíü, â îñíîâíîìó ï³äòâåðäæóâàëè âèñíîâêè ùîäî íàÿâíîñò³ ïîçèòèâíîãî âïëèâó çàïðîïîíîâàíîãî ï³äõîäó íà ñòàí êðèòåð³àëüíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê âëàñòèâîñò³ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â, ÿêà âèâ÷àëàñü (ð<0,001).

ϳä ÷àñ ïðîâåäåíèõ äîñë³äæåíü ÿê êðèòåð³é îö³íêè âð³âíîâàæåíîñò³ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â îðãàí³çìó ñòóäåíò³â âèêîðèñòîâóâàëèñü äàí³ ùîäî âèçíà÷åííÿ òî÷íîñò³ ðåàêö³¿ íà îá'ºêò, ùî ðóõàºòüñÿ. Òàê, âåëè÷èíà ïîìèëêè ï³ä ÷àñ äîñë³äæåííÿ òî÷íîñò³ ðåàêö³¿ íà îá'ºêò, ùî ðóõàºòüñÿ, â äèíàì³ö³ ñïîñòåðåæåíü ó òðàäèö³éíèõ óìîâàõ íàâ÷àííÿ ñåðåä ä³â÷àò çðîñòàëà ç 36,02±2,68 äî 38,95±2,72 ìñ (ð>0,05), ñåðåä þíàê³â çá³ëüøóâàâñÿ ç 39,70±2,53 äî 38,90±2,40 ìñ (ð>0,05), Ïðîöåñè çì³í ïîêàçíèê³â âð³âíîâàæåíîñò³ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â ³ â ïåðøîìó, ³ â äðóãîìó âèïàäêàõ íå ìàëè ñòàòèñòè÷íî äîñòîâ³ðíîãî õàðàêòåðó (ð>0,05). Ðàçîì ç òèì ñë³ä áóëî â³äçíà÷èòè ñóòòºâî êðàùèé ð³âåíü ðåçóëüòàò³â ñåðåä ä³â÷àò ÿê íà ïî÷àòêó, òàê ³ íàïðèê³íö³ ïåð³îäó äîñë³äæåíü.

Òàáëèöÿ 3

Ïîêàçíèêè âð³âíîâàæåíîñò³ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â ñòóäåíò³â â äèíàì³ö³ äîñë³äæåíü, ïîìèëêà â õîä³ âèçíà÷åííÿ ðåàêö³¿ íà îá'ºêò, ùî ðóõàºòüñÿ, ìñ

×àñ äîñë³äæåíü

Ãðóïè ñòóäåíò³â

ðãê-ãâ

Ãðóïà êîíòðîëþ

Ãðóïà âòðó÷àííÿ

n

M±m

n

M±m

ijâ÷àòà

ïî÷àòîê

36

36,02±2,68

36

38,04±2,34

>0,05

ê³íåöü

36

38,90±2,72

36

26,53±2,16

<0,001

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,001

Þíàêè

ïî÷àòîê

34

39,70±2,53

34

39,41±2,09

>0,05

ê³íåöü

34

38,93±2,40

34

28,12±2,35

<0,001

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,001

 óìîâàõ çàïðîâàäæåííÿ çàïðîïîíîâàíî¿ ïðîãðàìè âåëè÷èíà ïîìèëêè ó õîä³ âèçíà÷åííÿ ðåàêö³¿ íà îá'ºêò, ùî ðóõàºòüñÿ, äîñòîâ³ðíî çìåíøóâàëàñü ñåðåä ä³â÷àò 38,04±2,34 äî 26,53±2,16 ìñ (ð<0,001), ñåðåä þíàê³â -- ç 39,41±2,09 äî 28,12±2,3 ìñ (ð<0,001). Íàéá³ëüø âèðàæåí³ çðóøåííÿ ïîçèòèâíîãî çì³ñòó ÿê ³ ä³â÷àò, ³ ó þíàê³â ðåºñòðóâàëèñü íàïðèê³íö³ ïåð³îäó ñïîñòåðåæåíü. ̳æãðóïîâ³ â³äì³ííîñò³ òàêîæ ï³äêðåñëþâàëè ñóòòºâèé ïîçèòèâíèé âïëèâ ïðîãðàìè, ùî áóëà ðîçðîáëåíà òà çàïðîâàäæåíà (ð<0,001).

Îòæå, ðåçóëüòàòè âèçíà÷åííÿ ïðîâ³äíèõ ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó öåíòðàëüíî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ñèñòåìè ïåðåêîíëèâî çàñâ³ä÷óâàëè íàÿâí³ñòü ñóòòºâîãî ïîçèòèâíîãî âïëèâó çàïðîïîíîâàíî¿ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â íà ïîêàçíèêè àäàïòàö³éíèõ ðåñóðñ³â ¿õ îðãàí³çìó, â ïåðøó ÷åðãó, íà ãîëîâíó ëàíêó ïðîöåñó óïðàâë³ííÿ îñòàíí³ìè, à ñàìå íà îñîáëèâîñò³ âèùî¿ íåðâîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ä³â÷àò ³ þíàê³â. Ïðè÷îìó ñë³ä áóëî â³äì³òèòè ³ òîé ôàêò, ùî â ïåðøó ÷åðãó, öå ñòîñóâàëîñü ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ êîðåëÿò îñíîâíèõ íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â, à ñàìå ¿õ ðóõëèâîñò³ òà âð³âíîâàæåíîñò³.

Ïðîòÿãîì ÷àñó äîñë³äæåíü ïîêàçíèêè êðèòè÷íî¿ ÷àñòîòè çëèòòÿ ñâ³òëîâèõ ìèãîò³íüâ òðàäìö³éíèõ óìîâàõ íàâ÷àííÿ çàëèøàëèñü íàäçâè÷àéíî ñòàá³ëüíèìè (òàáë. 4). Ó ä³â÷àò ¿¿ êðèòåð³àëüí³ ïîêàçíèêè êîëèâàëèñü ó ìåæàõ â³ä 35,51±0,56 Ãö äî 36,73±0,35 Ãö (ð>0,05), ó þíàê³â â³äïîâ³äíî - ó ìåæàõ â³ä 35,26±0,50 äî 36,32±0,32 Ãö (ð>0,05). Çíà÷íî á³ëüø âèðàæåíèìè áóëè çì³íè ïîêàçíèê³â êðèòè÷íî¿ ÷àñòîòè çëèòòÿ çîðîâèõ ïîäðàçíåíü â óìîâàõ âèêîðèñòàííÿ çàïðîïîíîâàíîãî ï³äõîäó. Ó ä³â÷àò ¿õ ð³âåíü çðîñòàâ ç 37,13±0,34 äî 40,10±0,20 Ãö (ð<0,001), ó þíàê³â â ùå á³ëüø çíà÷í³é ì³ð³ - ç 34,33±0,34 äî 42,02±0,43 Ãö (ð<0,001). Äîñòàòíüî âèðàæåíèìè íàïðèê³íö³ ïåð³îäó äîñë³äæåíü áóëè ³ ì³æãðóïîâ³ â³äì³ííîñò³ (ð<0,001).

Òàáëèöÿ 4

Ïîêàçíèêè êðèòè÷íî¿ ÷àñòîòè çëèòòÿ ñâ³òëîâèõ ìèãîò³íü ñòóäåíò³â â äèíàì³ö³ äîñë³äæåíü, Ãö

×àñ äîñë³äæåíü

Ãðóïè ñòóäåíò³â

ðãê-ãâ

Ãðóïà êîíòðîëþ

Ãðóïà âòðó÷àííÿ

n

M±m

n

M±m

ijâ÷àòà

ïî÷àòîê

36

35,51±0,56

36

37,13±0,34

>0,05

ê³íåöü

36

36,73±0,35

36

40,10±0,20

<0,001

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,001

Þíàêè

ïî÷àòîê

34

35,26±0,50

34

34,33±0,34

>0,05

ê³íåöü

34

36,32±0,32

34

42,02±0,43

<0,001

ðï-ê

>0,05

<0,001

Çðóøåííÿ ç áîêó õàðàêòåðèñòèê òî÷íîñò³ ë³í³éíîãî îêîì³ðó â òðàäèö³éíèõ óìîâàõ íàâ÷àííÿ, áóëè äîâîë³ ïîä³áíèìè äî ïîïåðåäí³õ - ñòóï³íü ñïðèÿòëèâèõ çì³í, â ïåðøó ÷åðãó, ñåðåä ä³â÷àò, áóâ íåçíà÷íèì (òàáë. 5). Çîêðåìà, âåëè÷èíà ïîìèëêè â õîä³ âèçíà÷åííÿ çäàòíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â íåîçáðîºíèì îêîì äèôåðåíö³þâàòè â³äñòàíü, ùî áóëà çàäàíà çàçäàëåã³äü, ó ä³â÷àò âïðîäîâæ ÷àñó äîñë³äæåíü çìåíøóâàëàñü ëèøå ç 10,11±0,38 äî 9,65±0,24 ìì (ð>0,05), ó þíàê³â - çá³ëüøóâàëàñü ç 10,85±0,33 äî 10,93±0,29 ìì (ð>0,05). Íàòîì³ñòü â óìîâàõ çàïðîâàäæåííÿ ï³äõîäó, ùî áóâ ðîçðîáëåíèé, âåëè÷èíà ïîìèëêè ï³ä ÷àñ äîñë³äæåííÿ òî÷íîñò³ ë³í³éíîãî îêîì³ðó çìåíøóâàëàñü ç 11,09±0,44 äî 10,32±0,41 ìì (ð>0,05) - ñåðåä ä³â÷àò òà ç 11,43±0,42äî 10,90±0,31 ìì (ð<0,001) - ñåðåä þíàê³â.

Òàáëèöÿ 5

Ïîêàçíèêè òî÷íîñò³ ë³í³éíîãî îêîì³ðó ñòóäåíò³â â äèíàì³ö³ äîñë³äæåíü, ïîìèëêà â ìì

×àñ äîñë³äæåíü

Ãðóïè ñòóäåíò³â

ðãê-ãâ

Ãðóïà êîíòðîëþ

Ãðóïà âòðó÷àííÿ

n

M±m

n

M±m

ijâ÷àòà

ïî÷àòîê

36

10,11±0,38

36

11,09±0,44

>0,05

ê³íåöü

36

9,65±0,24

36

10,32±0,41

>0,05

ðï-ê

>0,05

>0,05

Þíàêè

ïî÷àòîê

34

10,85±0,33

34

11,43±0,42

>0,05

ê³íåöü

34

10,93±0,29

34

10,90±0,31

>0,05

ðï-ê

>0,05

>0,05

Íàéá³ëüø âèðàæåí³ çðóøåííÿ ïîçèòèâíîãî çì³ñòó â óìîâàõ åêñïåðèìåíòó â³äáóâàëèñü ïðîòÿãîì âèõ³äíîãî ïåð³îäó ñïîñòåðåæåíü. Ïðî â³äñóòí³ñòü ñóòòºâîãî ñïðèÿòëèâîãî âïëèâó êîìïëåêñíî¿ ïðîãðàìè, ÿêà âïðîâàäæóâàëàñü, ñâ³ä÷èëè ³ äàí³ ì³æãðóïîâîãî ïîð³âíÿííÿ ïîêàçíèê³â ïðîöåñ³â ôîðìóâàííÿ ôóíêö³¿ çîðîâîãî àíàë³çàòîðà, ùî âèçíà÷àëàñü (ð>0,05).

Òàêèì ÷èíîì, çðóøåííÿ ç áîêó êðèòåð³àëüíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó çîðîâî¿ ñåíñîðíî¿ ñèñòåìè, ÿê³ áóëè âèÿâëåí³, äîâîäÿòü òîé ôàêò, ùî, íà â³äì³íó â³ä ïîïåðåäí³õ âèïàäê³â, ïðîãðàìà ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ íå ñïðàâëÿëè âèðàæåíîãî ïîçèòèâíîãî âïëèâó íà õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ëàá³ëüíîñò³ çîðîâîãî àíàë³çàòîðà, à òàêîæ öåíòðàëüíèõ ñòðóêòóð ãîëîâíîãî ìîçêó, ÿê³ ðåãóëþþòü éîãî ä³ÿëüí³ñòü.Âèñíîâêè

 õîä³ ïðîâåäåíèõ äîñë³äæåíü çä³éñíåíà ã³ã³ºí³÷íà îö³íêà îñîáëèâîñòåé çì³í ïðîâ³äíèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿ ñó÷àñíî¿ ñòóäåíòñüêî¿ ìîëîä³ ó íàòóðíèõ òà ïðåôîðìîâàíèõ, çàâäÿêè âèêîðèñòàííþ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â, óìîâàõ.

Äî ÷èñëà ïðîâ³äíèõ åòàï³â ðåàë³çàö³¿ çàïðîïîíîâàíîãî ï³äõîäó ñë³ä â³äíåñòè: åòàï ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ äîáîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, çì³ñòîì ÿêîãî º çä³éñíåííÿ êîðåêö³¿ îñíîâíèõ ðåæèìíèõ åëåìåíò³â äîáîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â; åòàï ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ ðåàá³ë³òàö³¿, ùî îáóìîâëþº îïòèì³çàö³þ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íîãî ñòàíó îðãàí³çìó ä³â÷àò ³ þíàê³â òà çàáåçïå÷óº ïð³îðèòåòíèé ðîçâèòîê ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é; åòàï ïñèõîã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ êîðåêö³¿, ùî îáóìîâëþº àêòèâíå ôîðìóâàííÿ ïðîôåñ³éíî-çíà÷óùèõ îñîáëèâîñòåé îñîáèñòîñò³.

Ñë³ä ï³äêðåñëèòè, ùî ïåðåá³ã ïðîöåñ³â ðîçâèòêó ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é ³, îòæå, ïåðåá³ã ïðîöåñ³â ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íî¿ àäàïòàö³¿, âíàñë³äîê àêòèâíîãî çàïðîâàäæåííÿ ïðîãðàìè ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ïîâñÿêäåííî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â ìåäè÷íîãî çàêëàäó âèùî¿ îñâ³òè íå º îäíîð³äíèì.

Á³ëüø³ñòü ³ç ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é, ÿê³ ï³äëÿãàëè âèâ÷åííþ, à ñàìå: øâèäê³ñòü ïðîñòî¿ çîðîâî-ìîòîðíî¿ ðåàêö³¿, ðóõëèâ³ñòü ³ âð³âíîâàæåí³ñòü íåðâîâèõ ïðîöåñ³â, êðèòè÷íà ÷àñòîòà çëèòòÿ ñâ³òëîâèõ ìèãîò³íü õàðàêòåðèçóâàëèñü ïîñòóïîâèì òà ð³âíîì³ðíèì óäîñêîíàëåííÿì ¿õ êðèòåð³àëüíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â âïðîäîâæ ïåð³îäó ñïîñòåðåæåíü (ð<0,01-0,001). Íàòîì³ñòü õâèëåïîä³áíèé õàðàêòåð ðîçâèòêó (ð>0,05) ç ïåðåâàæíèì ðîçâèòêîì ôóíêö³¿ ïðîòÿãîì ïåðøèõ ì³ñÿö³â ñïîñòåðåæåíü äîñë³äæåíü áóâ âëàñòèâèì äëÿ ïîêàçíèê³â ë³í³éíîãî îêîì³ðó.

Îäåðæàí³ äàí³ º âàãîìèì ï³ä´ðóíòÿì äëÿ ðîçðîáëåííÿ çàõîä³â çäîðîâ'ÿçáåð³ãàþ÷îãî ñïðÿìóâàííÿ òà îñíîâîþ ùîäî ïîáóäîâè ïðåâåíòèâíîãî îñâ³òíüîãî ïðîñòîðó ó ñó÷àñíèõ çàêëàäàõ âèùî¿ ìåäè÷íî¿ îñâ³òè.

˳òåðàòóðà:

1. Ñåðãåòà ². Â., Áðàòêîâà Î. Þ., Ñåðåáðåíí³êîâà Î. À. Íàóêîâå îá´ðóíòóâàííÿ ã³ã³ºí³÷íèõ ïðèíöèï³â ïðîô³ëàêòèêè ðîçâèòêó äîíîçîëîã³÷íèõ çðóøåíü ó ñòàí³ ïñèõ³÷íîãî çäîðîâ'ÿ ó÷í³â ñó÷àñíèõ çàêëàä³â ñåðåäíüî¿ îñâ³òè (îãëÿä ë³òåðàòóðè ³ âëàñíèõ äîñë³äæåíü). Æóðíàë ÍÀÌÍ Óêðà¿íè. 2022. Ò. 28, ¹ 1. Ñ. 306-326. http://doi.org/10/37621IJNAMSU-2022-1-2

2. Ñåðãåòà ². Â., Ñåðåáðåíí³êîâà Î. À., Ñòîÿí Í. Â., Äðåæåíêîâà ². Ë., Ìàêàðîâà Î. ². Ïñèõîã³ã³ºí³÷í³ ïðèíïèïè âèêîðèñòàííÿ çäîðîâ'ÿçáåð³ãàþ÷èõ òåõíîëîã³é ó ñó÷àñíèõ çàêëàäàõ âèùî¿ îñâ³òè. Äîâê³ëëÿ òà çäîðîâ'ÿ. 2022. ¹ 2 (103). Ñ. 32-41.

3. Holliman . J., Martin A. J., Collie R. J. Adaptability, engagement, and degree completion: a longitudinal investigation of university students. Educ. Psychol. 2018. ¹ 38. Ð. 785-799. https://doi: 10.1080/01443410.2018.1426835

4. Holliman A., Waldeck D., Jay B. et al. Adaptability and social support: examining links with psychological wellbeing among UK students and non-students. Front. Psychol. 2021. ¹ 12. 636520. https://doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.636520

5. Ïîëüêà Í. Ñ., Ñåðãåòà ². Â. Àêòóàëüí³ ïðîáëåìè ïñèõîã³ã³ºíè ä³òåé ³ ï³äë³òê³â: øëÿõè òà ïåðñïåêòèâè ¿õ âèð³øåííÿ (îãëÿä ë³òåðàòóðè ³ âëàñíèõ äîñë³äæåíü). Æóðíàë ÍÀÌÍ Óêðà¿íè. 2012. ¹ 18 (2). Ñ. 223-236.

6. Aherne D., Farrant, R., Hickey, L. et al. Mindfulness based stress reduction for medical students: optimising student satisfaction and engagement. BMC Medical Education. 2016. Ò. 16. ¹ 1. P. 209. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0728-8

7. Arnetz B., Blomkvist V. Leadership, mental health, and organizational efficacy in health care organizations. Psychosocial predictors of healthy organizational development based on prospective data from four different organizations Psychother. Psychosom. 2007. ¹ 6 (4). Ð. 242-248. https://doi.org/10.1159/000101503

8. Bedewy, D., Gabriel, A. The development and psychometric assessment of a scale to measure the severity of examination anxiety among undergraduate university students. International Journal of Educational Psychology. 2013. ¹ 2. Ð. 81-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/205510291559671

9. Bellinghausen, L., Collange, J., Botella, M. et al. Factorial validation of the French scale for perceived stress in the workplace. Sante Publique. 2009. ¹ 21. 365-373. https://doi.org/ 10.3917/spub.094.0365

10. Voloshyna V., Denysiuk O., Varina H., Hrynzovskyi A. M. et al. Psychological features of modern elderly people's active life position. Wiadomosci lekarskie. 2022, tom LXXV (Issue 2 February 2022), Ð. 333-337. https://doi.org 10.36740/WLek202202101

11. Collie R. J., Holliman A. J., Martin A. J. Adaptability, engagement, and academic achievement at university. Educ. Psychol. 2017. ¹ 37. Ð. 632-647. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 01443410.2016.1231296

12. Ìîðîç Â. Ì., Ìàêàðîâ Ñ. Þ., Ñåðåáðåíí³êîâà Î. À., Ñåðãåòà ². Â. Íàâ÷àëüíèé ñòðåñ òà ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷í³ êðèòå𳿠îö³íêè àäàïòàö³éíèõ ìîæëèâîñòåé îðãàí³çìó ñòóäåíò³â çàêëàä³â âèùî¿ ìåäè÷íî¿ îñâ³òè. ³ííèöÿ : ÒΠ“ÒÂÎÐÈ”, 2020. 184 ñ.

13. Ñåðãåòà ². Â., Áàðäîâ Â. Ã., Äðåæåíêîâà ². Ë., Ïàí÷óê Î. Þ. ó㳺í³÷í³ íîðìàòèâè ðóõîâî¿ àêòèâíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â çàêëàä³â âèùî¿ ìåäè÷íî¿ îñâ³òè òà øëÿõè ¿¿ îïòèì³çàö³¿. ³ííèöÿ : ÒΠ“ÒÂÎÐÈ”, 2020. 184 ñ.

14. Ñåðãåòà ². Â., Ïàí÷óê Î. Þ., ßâîðîâñüêèé Î. Ï. ó㳺í³÷íà ä³àãíîñòèêà ïðîôåñ³éíî¿ ïðèäàòíîñò³ ñòóäåíò³â çàêëàä³â ìåäè÷íî¿ îñâ³òè (íà ïðèêëàä³ ñòîìàòîëîã³÷íèõ ñïåö³àëüíîñòåé). ³ííèöÿ: ÒΠ“ÒÂÎÐÈ”, 2020. 348 ñ.

15. Makarov S. Yu., Stoyan N. V., Serheta I. V. et al. Peculiarities of the interaction of the indicators of psychophysiological adaptation of modern students in the context of the effective monitoring of individual health of young women and young men. Wiadomosci Lekarskie. 2019, tom LXXII, nr 5 cz II. Ð. 1053-1058.

References:

1. Serheta, I. V., Bratkova, O. Yu., Serebrennikova, O. A. (2022) Naukove obgruntuvannia hihiienichnykh pryntsypiv profilaktyky rozvytku donozolohichnykh zrushen u stani psykhichnoho zdorovia uchniv suchasnykh zakladiv serednoi osvity (ohliad literatury i vlasnykh doslidzhen) [Scientific substantiation of the hygienic principles of prevention of the development of pre-clinical changes in the state of mental health of students of modern secondary education institutions (review of the literature and own research)] Zhurnal NAMN Ukrainy - Journal of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. 28 (1), 306-326. http://doi.org/10/37621IJNAMSU-2022-1-2 [in Ukrainian]

2. Serheta, I. V., Serebrennikova, O. A., Stoian, N. V., Drezhenkova, I. L., Makarova, O. I. (2022) Psykhohihiienichni prynpypy vykorystannia zdoroviazberihaiuchykh tekhnolohii u suchasnykh zakladakh vyshchoi osvity [Psychohygienic principles of the use of health-preserving technologies in modern institutions of higher education]. Dovkillia ta zdorovia - Environment and health. 2 (103), 32-41. [in Ukrainian]

3. Holliman , J., Martin, A. J., Collie, R. J. (2018) Adaptability, engagement, and degree completion: a longitudinal investigation of university students. Educ. Psychol. 38, 785-799. https://doi: 10.1080/01443410.2018.1426835 [in English]

4. Holliman, A., Waldeck, D., Jay, B. et al. (2021) Adaptability and social support: examining links with psychological wellbeing among UK students and non-students. Front. Psychol. 12, 636520. https://doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.636520 [in English]

5. Polka, N. S., Serheta, I. V. (2012) Aktualni problemy psykhohihiieny ditei i pidlitkiv: shliakhy ta perspektyvy yikh vyrishennia (ohliad literatury i vlasnykh doslidzhen) [Actual problems of psychohygiene of children and adolescents: ways and prospects of their solution (review of literature and own research)]. Zhurnal NAMN Ukrainy - Journal of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. 18 (2), 223-236. [in Ukrainian]

6. Aherne, D., Farrant, R., Hickey, L. et al. (2016) Mindfulness based stress reduction for medical students: optimising student satisfaction and engagement. BMC Medical Education. 16. (1), 209. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0728-8 [in English]

7. Arnetz, B., Blomkvist, V. (2007) Leadership, mental health, and organizational efficacy in health care organizations. Psychosocial predictors of healthy organizational development based on prospective data from four different organizations Psychother. Psychosom. 76 (4), 242-248. https://doi.org/10.1159/000101503 [in English]

8. Bedewy, D., Gabriel, A. (2013) The development and psychometric assessment of a scale to measure the severity of examination anxiety among undergraduate university students. International Journal of Educational Psychology. 2, 81-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/205510291559671 [in English]

9. Bellinghausen, L., Collange, J., Botella, M. et al. (2009) Factorial validation of the French scale for perceived stress in the workplace. Sante Publique. 21, 365-373. https://doi.org/10.3917/ spub.094.0365 [in English]

10. Voloshyna, V., Denysiuk, O., Varina, H., Hrynzovskyi, A. M. et al. (2022) Psychological features of modern elderly people's active life position. Wiadomosci lekarskie. LXXV (Issue 2 February 2022), 333-337. https://doi.org 10.36740/WLek202202101 [in English]

11. Collie, R. J., Holliman, A. J., Martin, A. J. (2017) Adaptability, engagement, and academic achievement at university. Educ. Psychol. 37, 632-647. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2016.1231296 [in English]

12. Moroz, V. M., Makarov, S. Yu., Serebrennikova, O. A., Serheta, I. V. (2020) Navchalnyi stres ta psykhofiziolohichni kryterii otsinky adaptatsiinykh mozhlyvostei orhanizmu studentiv zakladiv vyshchoi medychnoi osvity [Educational stress and psychophysiological criteria for assessing the adaptation capabilities of the body of students of higher medical education institutions]. Vinnytsia : TOV “TVORY”[in Ukrainian]

13. Serheta, I. V., Bardov, V. H., Drezhenkova, I. L., Panchuk, O. Yu. (2020) Hihiienichni normatyvy rukhovoi aktyvnosti studentiv zakladiv vyshchoi medychnoi osvity ta shliakhy yii optymizatsii [Hygienic norms of motor activity of students of higher medical education institutions and ways of its optimization]. Vinnytsia : TOV “TVORY” [in Ukrainian]

14. Serheta, I. V., Panchuk, O., Yu., Yavorovskyi, O. P. (2020) Hihiienichna diahnostyka profesiinoi prydatnosti studentiv zakladiv medychnoi osvity (na prykladi stomatolohichnykh spetsialnostei) [Hygienic diagnosis of the professional suitability of students of medical education institutions (on the example of dental specialties)]. Vinnytsia: TOV “TVORY” [in Ukrainian]

15. Makarov, S. Yu., Stoyan, N. V., Serheta, I. V. et al. (2019) Peculiarities of the interaction of the indicators of psychophysiological adaptation of modern students in the context of the effective monitoring of individual health of young women and young men. Wiadomosci Lekarskie. LXXII, 5 (II), 1053-1058. [in English]

Ðàçìåùåíî íà Allbest.ru


Ïîäîáíûå äîêóìåíòû

Ðàáîòû â àðõèâàõ êðàñèâî îôîðìëåíû ñîãëàñíî òðåáîâàíèÿì ÂÓÇîâ è ñîäåðæàò ðèñóíêè, äèàãðàììû, ôîðìóëû è ò.ä.
PPT, PPTX è PDF-ôàéëû ïðåäñòàâëåíû òîëüêî â àðõèâàõ.
Ðåêîìåíäóåì ñêà÷àòü ðàáîòó.