Analysis of parameters of synchronous machines for a fixed mode

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Analysis of parameters of synchronous machines for a fixed mode

Aliev N.A.

Oruczade S.V.

Annotation

Among the different types of electric machines, synchronous machines are widely used machines in many fields of the economy. Synchronous machines are manufactured with a wide range of powers and rotational frequencies. These machines are used in power plants as generators in industrial installations as propulsion engines. Synchronous motors basically require the adjustment of the rotation frequency of mechanisms such as compressors, pumps, fans, diesel generators, and the transmissions of visible and invisible polar expressions are produced.

Keywords: synchronous machines, stator, winding, variables, rotor.

Аннотация

Алиев Н.А., Орудзаде С.В. Анализ параметров синхронных машин для стационарного режима

Среди различных типов электрических машин синхронные машины являются широко используемыми машинами во многих областях экономики. Синхронные машины изготавливаются с широким диапазоном мощностей и частот вращения. Эти машины используются на электростанциях в качестве генераторов, в промышленных установках в качестве тяговых двигателей. Синхронные двигатели в основном требуют регулировки частоты вращения механизмов, таких как компрессоры, насосы, вентиляторы, дизель-генераторы, а также производят передачи видимых и невидимых полярных выражений.

Ключевые слова: синхронные машины, статор, обмотка, переменные, ротор.

A synchronous machine is a two-winding alternating current electric machine, one of whose windings is connected to the mains with a constant frequency щ1, and the second one is excited by a constant current (щ2 = 0). In a broader sense, a two- winding AC machine is called synchronous, its windings are fed from a network with constant frequencies щ1 and щ2. Any synchronous machine consists of two main parts: the stator (stationary part) and the rotor (rotating part). The most common are synchronous machines with an armature winding on the stator and an excitation winding on the rotor. Such machines are simply called "synchronous machines". The remaining synchronous machines belong to "special design synchronous machines", which include permanent magnet synchronous machines, asynchronous machines, reverse design machines, etc. includes It follows from the works devoted to the parametric identification of synchronous machines that the solution to this problem consists of several components.

1. Selection of the mathematical model of the machine (complete, simplified Park-Gorev equations, symbolic, operator form).

2. Selecting the initial operating mode of the machine (off, with fixed rotor, idle mode, load mode, partially disassembled, etc.).

3. Selection of disturbing effect. There are many variations on this point. Disturbance is the application of alternating current, direct current, variable frequency current to the stator or rotor, mechanical action on the shaft, etc. can be. Electric machines consist of 2 main components: rotating (rotor) and stationary (stator).

Figure 1 Stator and rotor

Depending on the type of rotor, electric machines with protruding and nonprotruding poles are distinguished. The above figure shows design options for rotating units with open and hidden poles. The difference in the design is the rotor inductance along the longitudinal and transverse axis. Rotors with protruding poles have different longitudinal and transverse inductance, while the rotating part of electric machines with unstable poles has equal inductance. The parameters of the synchronous machine are the coefficients of the variables in the equations describing the energy conversion processes in synchronous machines. In pole machines, the active resistance of the shock absorber winding differs along the longitudinal and transverse axes of the machine. Stator loop parameters for steady mode: Stator winding length:

range power rotation frequency synchronous electric machine

The length of the front part of the stator loop:

Synchronous motors designed to generate only reactive power are called synchronous compensators. However, synchronous compensators cause noise, vibration, are expensive to operate and are explosive when using hydrogen cooling, so they try to abandon them and use more advanced reactive power compensation devices.

Conclusion

Understanding the parameters of synchronous machines under steady-state conditions is essential for effective operation and control of power systems. Synchronous reactance, transient response and subtransient response are among the main parameters that characterize the behavior of these machines and affect their operation. Engineers and operators can ensure the stability, reliability and efficiency of power grids by comprehensively analyzing these parameters and their importance to power system performance.

Список литературы / References

1. Поляхов, Н.Д. Метод определения внешнего индуктивного сопротивления синхронного генератора как обобщенного параметра, характеризующего состояние энергосистемы / Поляхов Н.Д., Приходько И.А., Рубцов И.А. // Современные проблемы науки и образования. - 2012. №5. - 8 с. 34;

2. Junli Zhang, Online Synchronous Generator parameters Identification with Dynamic PMU data / Junli Zhang, Ancheng Xue, Tianshu Bi, Zhengfeng Wang, Wei Tang Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC), 2012 Asia-Pacific. 2012;

3. H. Bora Karayaka. Identification of armature, field and saturated parameters of large steam turbine-generator from operating data / H. Bora Karayaka, Ali Keyhani, Baj L. Agrawal, Douglas A. Selin, Gerafld Thomas Heydt // IEEE transactions on energy conversion. - 2000. - Vol. 15, No. 2. - P. 181-187;

4. Вторушин, А.С. Оценивание состояния энергосистем в задачах противоаварийной автоматики / А.С. Вторушин, О.М. Грунин, А.Э. Петров // Изв. НТЦ Единой энергетической системы. - 2013. - №1. - С. 99-104;

5. Фишов, А.Г. Развитие региональных энергосистем в современных условиях / А.Г. Фишов, Р.С. Калюжный // Вестник Алматинского университета энергетики и связи.- 2012 - №3(18).- С.11-19

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