ó㳺í³÷íå îá´ðóíòóâàííÿ êîìïëåêñíî¿ ïðîãðàìè îïòèì³çàö³¿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ó÷í³â ìîëîäøîãî øê³ëüíîãî â³êó ó øêîë³-ë³öå¿

Äèñåðòàö³ÿ íà çäîáóòòÿ íàóêîâîãî ñòóïåíÿ êàíäèäàòà ìåäè÷íèõ íàóê çà ñïåö³àëüí³ñòþ 14.02.01 - ã³ã³ºíà. - ²íñòèòóò ã³ã³ºíè òà ìåäè÷íî¿ åêîëî㳿 ³ì. Î.Ì. Ìàðçåºâà ÀÌÍ Óêðà¿íè, Êè¿â, 2003.

Äèñåðòàö³ÿ ïðèñâÿ÷åíà ã³ã³ºí³÷íîìó îá´ðóíòóâàííþ êîìïëåêñíî¿ ïðîãðàìè îïòèì³çàö³¿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ó÷í³â ó â³ö³ 7-10 ðîê³â, ÿê³ ïåðåáóâàþòü ó øêîë³-ë³öå¿. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî íàâ÷àííÿ â óìîâàõ ñó÷àñíèõ ³ííîâàö³éíèõ çàõîä³â øê³ëüíî¿ îñâ³òè çóìîâëþº ïîÿâó ö³ëîãî ðÿäó òåíäåíö³é íåñïðèÿòëèâîãî çì³ñòó ç áîêó ïñèõîô³ç³îëîã³÷íèõ ôóíêö³é, îñîáëèâîñòåé îñîáèñòîñò³ òà ñòàíó çäîðîâ'ÿ ä³â÷àòîê òà õëîï÷èê³â ³, îòæå, âèñóâຠó ÷èñëî ïåðøî÷åðãîâèõ íåîáõ³äí³ñòü óäîñêîíàëåííÿ òà ðàö³îíàëüíî¿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ¿õ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³.

Ðîçðîáëåíà, íàóêîâî îá´ðóíòîâàíà òà âïðîâàäæåíà êîìïëåêñíà ïðîãðàìà îïòèì³çàö³¿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ó÷í³â ìîëîäøîãî øê³ëüíîãî â³êó, ùî ïåðåáóâàþòü ó øêîë³-ë³öå¿, ïðîâ³äíèìè ñêëàäîâèìè ÿêî¿ º: ðàö³îíàëüíà îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ðåæèìó äîáîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ó÷í³â, âèêîðèñòàííÿ ÿê òðàäèö³éíèõ, òàê ³ íåòðàäèö³éíèõ ôîðì ô³çè÷íîãî âèõîâàííÿ, ïñèõîã³ã³ºí³÷íèõ çàñîá³â âïëèâó íà îñîáèñò³ñòü øêîëÿð³â, çàõîä³â ùîäî ïîêðàùàííÿ ñàí³òàðíî-ã³ã³ºí³÷íèõ óìîâ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ó øêîë³ òà âäîìà. Çàñòîñóâàííÿ êîìïëåêñíî¿ ïðîãðàìè îïòèì³çàö³¿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ó÷í³â ìîëîäøîãî øê³ëüíîãî â³êó ó øêîë³-ë³öå¿ ñïðèÿº çáåðåæåííþ òà çì³öíåííþ çäîðîâ'ÿ, ï³äâèùåííþ ôóíêö³îíàëüíèõ ìîæëèâîñòåé àäàïòàö³éíèõ ðåñóðñ³â îðãàí³çìó, çá³ëüøåííþ ð³âíÿ íàâ÷àëüíî¿ óñï³øíîñò³ ä³â÷àòîê òà õëîï÷èê³â.

Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: øêîëà-ë³öåé, ó÷í³ ìîëîäøîãî øê³ëüíîãî â³êó, íàâ÷àëüíà ä³ÿëüí³ñòü, îïòèì³çàö³ÿ, êîìïëåêñíà ïðîãðàìà.

Ðåä÷èö Í.À. Ãèãèåíè÷åñêîå îáîñíîâàíèå êîìïëåêñíîé ïðîãðàììû îïòèìèçàöèè ó÷åáíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ó÷àùèõñÿ ìëàäøåãî øêîëüíîãî âîçðàñòà â øêîëå-ëèöåå - Ðóêîïèñü.

Äèññåðòàöèÿ íà ñîèñêàíèå ó÷åíîé ñòåïåíè êàíäèäàòà ìåäèöèíñêèõ íàóê ïî ñïåöèàëüíîñòè 14.02.01 - ãèãèåíà. - Èíñòèòóò ãèãèåíû è ìåäèöèíñêîé ýêîëîãèè èì. Î.Ì. Ìàðçååâà ÀÌÍ Óêðàèíû, Êèåâ, 2003.

Äèññåðòàöèÿ ïîñâÿùåíà ãèãèåíè÷íîìó îáîñíîâàíèþ êîìïëåêñíîé ïðîãðàììû îïòèìèçàöèè ó÷åáíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ìëàäøèõ øêîëüíèêîâ-ëèöåèñòîâ â âîçðàñòå 7-10 ëåò. Óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî îáó÷åíèå â óñëîâèÿõ èííîâàöèîííûõ ó÷ðåæäåíèé ñîâðåìåííîãî øêîëüíîãî îáðàçîâàíèÿ îáóñëàâëèâàåò ïîÿâëåíèå öåëîãî ðÿäà íåáëàãîïðèÿòíûõ òåíäåíöèé èçìåíåíèé ñî ñòîðîíû ïîêàçàòåëåé ïñèõîôèçèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ôóíêöèé, ëè÷íîñòíûõ îñîáåííîñòåé è ñîñòîÿíèÿ çäîðîâüÿ äåâî÷åê è ìàëü÷èêîâ, âûäâèãàåò â ÷èñëî ïåðâîî÷åðåäíûõ çàäà÷ó, ñîñòîÿùóþ â ðàçðàáîòêå ìåòîäîâ ðàöèîíàëüíîé îðãàíèçàöèè èõ ó÷åáíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè.

Ðàçðàáîòàíà, íàó÷íî îáîñíîâàíà è âíåäðåíà êîìïëåêñíàÿ ïðîãðàììà îïòèìèçàöèè ó÷åáíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ó÷àùèõñÿ ìëàäøåãî øêîëüíîãî âîçðàñòà, îáó÷àþùèõñÿ â óñëîâèÿõ øêîëû-ëèöåÿ, âåäóùèìè êîìïîíåíòàìè êîòîðîé ÿâëÿþòñÿ: ðàöèîíàëüíàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ ðåæèìà ñóòî÷íîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ó÷àùèõñÿ, èñïîëüçîâàíèå êàê òðàäèöèîííûõ, òàê è íåòðàäèöèîííûõ ôîðì ôèçè÷åñêîãî âîñïèòàíèÿ, ïñèõîãèãèåíè÷åñêèõ ñðåäñòâ âîçäåéñòâèÿ íà ëè÷íîñòü øêîëüíèêîâ, ìåðîïðèÿòèé, íàïðàâëåííûõ íà óëó÷øåíèå ñàíèòàðíî-ãèãèåíè÷åñêèõ óñëîâèé ó÷åáíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè â øêîëå è äîìà.

Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ïðåäëîæåííîé êîìïëåêñíîé ïðîãðàììû îïòèìèçàöèè ó÷åáíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ó÷àùèõñÿ ìëàäøåãî øêîëüíîãî âîçðàñòà â øêîëå-ëèöåå îáóñëàâëèâàåò ïîÿâëåíèå âûðàæåííûõ ïîçèòèâíûõ èçìåíåíèé ñî ñòîðîíû êðèòåðèàëüíûõ ïîêàçàòåëåé âåäóùèõ ïñèõîôèçèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ôóíêöèé: óâåëè÷åíèå ñêîðîñòè çðèòåëüíî-ìîòîðíîé ðåàêöèè íà 21,3% ñðåäè äåâî÷åê è íà 29,5% ñðåäè ìàëü÷èêîâ (â òðàäèöèîííûõ óñëîâèÿõ îáó÷åíèÿ ñîîòâåòñòâåííî íà 14,1% è 23,8%), óëó÷øåíèå ïîêàçàòåëåé Ê×ÑÑÌ íà 0,4% ó äåâî÷åê è 4,9% ó ìàëü÷èêîâ (â êîíòðîëüíîé ãðóïïå îïðåäåëÿëîñü èõ óõóäøåíèå ñîîòâåòñòâåííî íà 20,5% è 11,0%), óâåëè÷åíèå âåëè÷èí èíòåãðàëüíîãî ïîêàçàòåëÿ êîîðäèíàöèè äâèæåíèÿ íà 26,7% ñðåäè äåâî÷åê è íà 20,9% ñðåäè ìàëü÷èêîâ (â îáû÷íûõ óñëîâèÿõ ïðåáûâàíèÿ íàáëþäàëîñü èõ ñóùåñòâåííîå óõóäøåíèå ñîîòâåòñòâåííî â 3,7 è 2,7 ðàçà), óëó÷øåíèå òàêèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ëè÷íîñòíûõ îñîáåííîñòåé øêîëüíèêîâ, êàê óñòîé÷èâîñòü âíèìàíèÿ íà 90,3% ñðåäè äåâî÷åê è â 2,2 ðàçà ñðåäè ìàëü÷èêîâ, à òàêæå ïîêàçàòåëåé îáðàçíîé, âåðáàëüíîé è êðàòêîâðåìåííîé ìåõàíè÷åñêîé ïàìÿòè, îáðàçíîãî, âåðáàëüíîãî è ëîãè÷åñêîãî ìûøëåíèÿ.

Âàæíûìè è ñóùåñòâåííûìè ðåçóëüòàòàìè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ðàçðàáîòàííîé êîìïëåêñíîé ïðîãðàììû ñëåäóåò ïðèçíàòü óëó÷øåíèå ïîêàçàòåëåé ñîñòîÿíèÿ çäîðîâüÿ ìëàäøèõ øêîëüíèêîâ: ñíèæåíèå ÷èñëà ñëó÷àåâ è äíåé çàáîëåâàíèé ñ âðåìåííîé óòðàòîé òðóäîñïîñîáíîñòè, äîñòîâåðíîå óâåëè÷åíèå â ñðåäíåì íà 7,6% óäåëüíîãî âåñà äåòåé, îòíîñÿùèõñÿ ê ? ãðóïïå çäîðîâüÿ, è â ñðåäíåì íà 14,5% äåòåé, íè ðàçó íà ïðîòÿæåíèè ãîäà íå áîëåþùèõ, à òàêæå âåñüìà çíà÷èìûå ñ ïåäàãîãè÷åñêîé òî÷êè çðåíèÿ ïîñëåäñòâèÿ å¸ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ: ñòàáèëèçàöèþ ïîêàçàòåëåé ñðåäíåãî áàëëà ó÷åáíîé óñïåâàåìîñòè ñðåäè äåâî÷åê è ïîâûøåíèå íà 2,1% ñðåäè ìàëü÷èêîâ, ïîëîæèòåëüíûå ñäâèãè ó÷åáíîé ïîäãîòîâëåííîñòè ïî îñíîâíûì áàçîâûì ïðåäìåòàì - ÷òåíèþ è ìàòåìàòèêå.

Ñ öåëüþ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ èíòåãðàòèâíîãî ïî ñâîåìó ñóùåñòâó ïîäõîäà ê îöåíêå ñòåïåíè ðàçâèòèÿ âåäóùèõ ïñèõîôèçèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ôóíêöèé è ëè÷íîñòíûõ îñîáåííîñòåé øêîëüíèêîâ, îïðåäåëÿþùèõ ñòåïåíü àäàïòàöèè ê óñëîâèÿì ïðåáûâàíèÿ â øêîëå-ëèöåå è óðîâåíü ó÷åáíîé óñïåâàåìîñòè, ðàçðàáîòàíû èíôîðìàöèîííî-ñïîñîáíûå ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèå ìîäåëè èõ ïðîãíîñòè÷åñêîé îöåíêè, ðàçðàáîòàí è íàó÷íî îáîñíîâàí ìåòîä êîìïëåêñíîé îöåíêè ïîêàçàòåëåé ïñèõîôèçèîëîãè÷åñêîé àäàïòàöèè øêîëüíèêîâ 7-10 ëåò ê îáó÷åíèþ â óñëîâèÿõ èííîâàöèîííûõ ó÷åáíûõ çàâåäåíèé ñîâðåìåííîãî øêîëüíîãî îáðàçîâàíèÿ.

Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: øêîëà-ëèöåé, øêîëüíèêè ìëàäøåãî øêîëüíîãî âîçðàñòà, ó÷åáíàÿ äåÿòåëüíîñòü, îïòèìèçàöèÿ, êîìïëåêñíàÿ ïðîãðàììà.

Redchits N.A. Hygienic grounds for complex optimization program of educational activities of junior schoolchildren at school-lyceum.- Manuscript.

Dissertation for the scientific degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences (PhD) in specialty 14.02.01 - Hygiene.- Institute of Hygiene an Medical Ecology named after O.M. Marzeev of Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2003.

The dissertation is devoted to hygienic grounds for complex optimization program of educational activities of junior schoolchildren aged 7-10 who attend school-lyceums. It was established that study at schools of a new type leads to a number of unfavorable tendencies concerning psychophysiological functions personal peculiarities and boys and girls state of health. Thus improvement and rational organization of their study becomes an urgent problem.

Scientific complex optimization program of educational activities of junior pupils attending school-lyceums is worked out and introduced. Its basic parts are: rational organization of pupils day activity regime; use of traditional and nontraditional forms of physical education; use of psychohygienic means of influence on schoolchildren's personalities, measures to improve sanitary hygienic conditions of educational activities at school and at home. Application of complex optimization program of educational activities of junior pupils at school-lyceums promotes the preservation and improvement of health, increase of functional possibilities of organism's adaptation resources, increase of boys and girls study progress level.

Key words: school-lyceum, junior schoolchildren, educational activities, optimization, complex program.

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