The most famous ENGLISH writers

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Essay paper

The most famous ENGLISH writers

ISHNAZAROV SHUXRAT

TAXIATASH

2012

Robert Burns - the Bard of Scotland

His father W. Burns was a hardworking farmer. He knew the value of a good education and he was determined to give his children the best schooling possible. There were 7 children in the family and Robert was the eldest. When he was 6 his father sent him to school to Alloway. His mother's friend Betty told him many fantastic tales about devils, ghosts, fairies and witches. At 13 he was out in the fields all day helping his father, and he studied nature closely and following the plough, he whistled and sang. In his songs he spoke of what he saw, of the woods, the fields, the valleys, of the deer, of the hare and the small field mouse, of the farmer's poor cottage home. Burns began to write poetry in his l6th. His first love song "Handsome Nell" was dedicated to the girl who helped him in the harvest fields. Life was hard for the family. His father died 1784. In 1788 Burns married Jean Armour she is immortalized in many beautiful poems written by the poet, such as "I LOVE MY JEAN", "THY BONNIE FACE". Robert and Jean continued meeting secretly and Robert gave Jean a paper declaring them man and wife. When Jean's father learned about it, he tore the paper up and forbade his daughter to see Robert. Jean obeyed and Robert being offended by it, swore never to see her again. One of the finest poems widely popular in Scotland "TAH O'SHANTER' was written in 1790. 1793 saw the appearance of the "TREE OF LIBERTY" in which R. Burns greeted the French Revolution but the poem was published only 40 years after Burn's death. All of R. Burn's poetry shows him to be one of great masters of lyrical verse, warm patriot of his native country. He had always stood for liberty, equality, justice and honesty. His poetry is deeply democratic and full of criticism directed against the landlords, the government officials. Our reader finds pleasure in reading Burn's poems and songs in the wonderful translation of Samuel Marshak. Whenever we speak of Scotland, the name of Scotland's Bard R. Burns is always there, as the ever-living, never-dying symbol of that country.

Robert Burns is the national poet of Scotland. Every year on his bithday scotsmen all over the world gather together for a traditional celebration in which his memory is glorified,his poems are recited and his song are sung. Burns poetry is loved and enjoied by all his countrymen. They love Burns for the generosity and kindness of his nature, for his patriotism and truthfulness. In his poems he sang the pride and dignity of the Scotish peasantry. Burns sang the beauty and the glory of his native land. He gloryfield true love and friendship. Burns was born in Alloway, near Ayr, on the 25 of January, 1759. His father was a hard-working man and he took great trouble to give his family all the education he could. When Robert was 6, he was send to a school at Alloway Miln. Robert were given a good knowledge of English. For some years Burns worked on the family farm. They lived very poor. Burns wrote his first poem at the age of 14. And from then till his death his poems and songs came out, giving delight and joy to the himself, his countrymen and all the world around. Burns worked with his father and brothers. The death of his father in 1784 left Burns free to chose his own kind of life, but it also gave him new resposobilities as head of the family. As a farmer he was unsuccessful and moved to other place - Burns published his poems in Kilmarnock in 1786. The success was great. Burns wrote many poems and songs. After a short illness he died on 21'st July, 1796. Millions of people all over the world highly esteem and love Burns poems. S. Marshak, a great soviet poet, brought Burns to russian people throught his fine translate.My Heart's in the Highlands

My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here;

My heart's in the Highkands, a chasing the deer;

A-chasing the wild deer, and following the roe -

My heart in the Highlands wherever I go.

Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North,

The birthplace of valour, the country of worth:

Wherever I wander, wherever I rove,

The hills of the Highlands for ever I love.

Farewell to the mountains high cover'd with snow;

Farewell to the straths and green valleys below;

Farewell to the forests and wild-handing woods;

Farewell to the torrents and loud pouring floods.

My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here;

My heart's in the Highkands, a chasing the deer;

A-chasing the wild deer, and following the roe -

My heart in the Highlands wherever I go.

Charles Dickens

Charles Dickens is one of the best English writers, he was born on 7 February 1812. Although his family was not poor by the standarts of the time his father was arrested for debt. Little Charles began to work in a blacking warehouse. When his father was set free the boy was sent to school, where he did well, and at the age of fifteen began to work in a lawyer's office. Dickens was 19 when he became a reporter. While he was working for the newspaper "Morning Chronicle" he began to write novels. In 1837 "The Pickwick Papers" was published, the book brought him fame and money. He worked very hard and produced many novels. His masterpieces are: "Oliver Twist", "David Coperfield", "Little Dorrit". All his writings, whether sad or happy, serious or gay are about ordinary people whose life he knew very well. Dickens died in 1870 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. As he had wished on the stone over his grave was nothing but his name: "Charles Dickens". writer burns dickens shakespeare

William Somerset Maugham

William Somerset Maugham is one of the best known English writers of the 20th century. He was not only a novelist, but also a one of the most successful dramatist and short-story writers. He was born in Paris in 1874. His parents died when he was very little and the boy was brought up by his uncle, clergyman. After his parents death the boy was taken away from the French school which he had attended, and went for his lessons daily to the apartment of the English clergyman at the church . At the age of ten the boy was sent to England to attend school. In 1890 he went abroad and studied at the University of Heidelberg from which he returned to England in 1892 and as his parents had destined him for the medical profession, he became a medical student at St Thomas's hospital in London. His experience in treating the sick gave Maugham material for his first work Lisa of Lambeth(1897). After that, although he became a fully qualified doctor, Somerset decided to devote his life to literature. "I didn't want to be a doctor. I didn't want to be anything but a writer…" Soon after the publication of his first novel Maugham went to Spain and travelled widely to all parts of the world. He visited Russia, America, Africa, Asia. The technique of the short story had always interested Maugham. DeMaupassant and Chekhov influenced him but he developed a form of a story that has unmistakable Maugham's flavor. Somerset Maugham has written 24 plays, 19 novels and a large number of short stories. The most mature period of his life began in 1915, when he published one of his most

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare, the greatest and most famous of English writers, and probably the greatest playwright who has ever lived, was born on the 23d of April, 1564, in Stratford-on-Avon. In sprite of his fame we know very little about his life. At the age of six he was sent to school, but had to leave it at the age of 13. His father, John Shakespeare, was a glove-maker, and when he fell into debt, William had to help him in the trade. Just what William did between his fourteenth and eighteenth years isn't known. At the age of eighteen, he married Anne Hathaway. Ann was eight years older than her husband and the marriage wasn't a happy one. When Shakespeare was twenty-one, he went to London. We don't know why he left Stratford-on-Avon. There is a story that Shakespeare's first job in London was holding rich men's horses at the theatre door. But nobody can be sure that this story is true. Later, Shakespeare became an actor and a member of a very successful acting company. It's highly probable that The Comedy of Errors, Romeo and Juliet and some other plays by Shakespeare were performed for the first time on this stage. Very soon, however, the actors were told that could no longer use the land that their theatre was built on and the company had nowhere else to perform. There is a story that in the dead of night the whole acting troop took down their theatre, timber by timber, brick by brick. They carried it across the river and rebuilt it. The new theatre was called the Globe. Shakespeare's Globe was rather different from modern theatres. The plays were performed in the open air and the audience got wet if it rained. There was no scenery, very few props, and the only lighting was the daylight that came from the open roof above. Women in those days weren't allowed to act in public and all the parts (even Juliet!) were played by men. Much of the audience stood to watch the performance and moved around, talking with each other and throwing fruit at the stage if they didn't like something. Shakespeare wrote 37 plays: 10 tragedies (such as Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, Macbeth), 17 comedies (such as As You Like It, Twelfth Night, Much Ado About Nothing), 10 historical plays (such as Henry 4, Richard 3). He also left 7 books of poems and sonnets.

The last half of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th centuries are known as the golden age of English literature. It was the time of the English Renaissance, and sometimes it is even called "the age of Shakespeare". William Shakespeare, the greatest and the most famous of English writers, and probably the greatest playwright who has ever lived, was born in Stratford-on-Avon. In spite of his fame we know very little about his life. The things that we know about Shakespeare's life begin with the date baptized in the church of Stratford, on April 26, 1564, when he was only a few days old. So he has believed to have been born on April 23. Though little is known about William's childhood, there is every reason to believe that he was educated at the local Grammar school. When little over 18 he married Anne Halthaway of Shottery. William lived in Stratford until he was about 21, when he went to London. We don't know why he left Stratford-on-Avon. There is a story that Shakespeare's 1st job in London was holding rich men's horses at the theatre door. But nobody can be sure that this story is true. Later, Shakespeare became an actor and a member of one of the chief acting companies. Soon he began to write plays for his company and in a few years became a well-known author. One writer of that time said that Shakespeare liked a quiet life, he didn't like parties, and wasn't fond of being invited to the court. "If he was invited to the court, he was in pain." Shakespeare's experience as an actor helped him greatly in the writing of his plays. His knowledge of stage and his poetical genius made his plays the most wonderful ones ever written. Shakespeare wrote 37 plays. Among them there are deep tragedies, such as Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, Macbeth, light comedies, such as Twelfth Night, Much Ado About Nothing, The Merry Wives of Windsor, historical dramas, such as Henry the fourth and Richard the third. Most of Shakespeare's plays were not published in his lifetime. So some of them may have been lost in the fire when the "Globe" burned down in 1613. Shakespeare spent the last years of his life at Stratford, where he died in 1616. He was buried in the church of Stratford. A monument was erected to the memory of the great playwright in the Poet's Corner in Westminster Abbey.

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