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Vladimirsky State University named after Alexander G. and Nickolay G. Stoletov Vladimir, Russia

Владимирский государственный университет имени Александра Григорьевича и Николая Григорьевича Столетовых Владимир, Россия

Biography of the Russian linguist Sergey Kuznetsov

Биография российского лингвиста Сергея Николаевича Кузнецова

Меньшикова А.

Menshikova A.

Sergey Kuznetsov was born 11 February 1945 in Moscow. Sergey Kuznetsov is a Soviet and Russian linguist, doctor of Philology (1985), Professor of Moscow state University (1993). And he is also President of the International academic Association (1991), Chairman of the Moscow linguistic society. F. F. Fortunatov (1997), the Academy of natural Sciences (1997).

Biography

He graduated from the Romano-German Department of the philological faculty of Moscow state University. M. V. Lomonosov in 1967, and also he graduated his postgraduate studies at the chair of German Philology of Moscow state University in 1970, where he studied under Professor N. S. Chemodanov. He defended his thesis (on "System status postverbal in the Danish language") in 1973, and he defended his doctorate (on "Theoretical grammar of the Danish language. Syntax") in 1985. He worked as a teacher in the Diplomatic corps (1966-1972) and at the faculty of Philology of Moscow state University (1972-1973), he then worked as a senior lecturer and associate Professor at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of foreign Affairs (1973-1977.), Professor, peoples ' friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba (1978-1984), senior and leading researcher of the Institute of linguistics (1977-1996). He is the head of the Department of General and comparative-historical linguistics of the philological faculty of Moscow state University since 1997. But he is also a member of several scientific societies, academician of the International Academy of Sciences San Marino (1993). He was elected President of the International academic Association (the organization of intellectual, cultural and social cooperation, uniting more than 500 members -- men of science of different countries and more than 30 collective members of the Academy, universities, and educational organizations of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia) in 1991.

Scientific and pedagogical activity S. N. Kuznetsov`s researches belong to the Germanic, General and typological linguistics, theory of syntax and interlinguistics. He also investigated the problem of grammatical typology (typology of morphological categories and syntactic structures, typological status of nominative and ergative system), he established the presence of elements of the ergative system in Mansi language.

The German and the theory of syntax S. N. Kuznetsov`s thesis is devoted to scandinavistica, in particular, the theory of the Danish language. The concept of positional syntax of the Danish language developed in these is applicable also to other languages with a rigid or relatively rigid word order (English, German, French, etc.). The scientist gave a holistic presentation of the history of the development of grammatical thought Denmark and he suggested that the original description of the grammar of the Danish language on the basis of a new model of describing syntax (which is called the translocation and positional syntax) in the book "Theoretical grammar of the Danish language. The syntax" (1984). Positional and translocation model is opposed to the traditional relational model (description in terms of relations between elements of sentences or phrases). The book is explicit and subjected to critical rethinking of the theory of syntactic fields P. Dideriksen -- the most radical reformer of the traditional grammatical exercises, created for the Danish material the theory of positional syntax. S. N. Kuznetsov builds his own theory in the course of this, in an effort to overcome the shortcomings of the concept Dideriksen and treating positional syntax as a kind of syntactic description on the basis of vertical ties (revealing the relations of part and whole); he coped with the task of explaining the main provisions of the positional syntax successfully, according to Professor N. A. Slyusareva. Kuznetsov leaves the postulate of the existence of a linear structure of the sentence as an ordered set of a finite number of positions, reinterpreting the approach Dideriksen, but he puts forward more strict requirements to the very concept of position: one position needs to combine words with common distribution properties, according to Kuznetsov (a summary category of "adverbial member" does not meet the classification Dideriksen this criterion). Kuznetsov is taking steps in the direction of generative grammar, taking a tiered approach to the syntax and recognizing the existence of sight of the surface structure of the utterance, but he notes that the analysis in terms of the immediate constituents is motivated by the specific properties of the English language (and especially the fact that the latter is impossible alternation of positions). Kuznetsov singled in addition to relational and positional -- the third type of syntactic structures: translocation (according to Kuznetsov, the positional syntax is designed to study the functional differences between the positions, and translocation aims to study the functional similarity), using a functional approach. Distinctive feature theory of Kuznetsov is the distinction between "strong" and "weak" (in functional terms) of the syntactic positions that helped to identify laws, which are subject to possible translocation (rearrangement) components of the proposal. Kuznetsov contributed to the theory of the actual syntax, putting forward a position about the difference between General and private informative syntactic constructions and reveal the specifics of the communicative division of the Danish proposal, analyzing the Danish proposal in terms of the expression of communicative and emotive functions.

Interlinguistics S. N. Kuznetsov significantly detailed and developed in his first work on interlinguistics "the typological classification of international artificial languages" (1976) possible approaches to typological classification of international artificial languages (including linguistic projects), based on referring to the beginning of the XX century the pioneering works of L. Kutyur and L. Lo. Textbook "basics of interlinguistic" (1982) followed, which also had a theoretical value; Kuznetsov gave a definition of interlinguistic as "the section of linguistics that studies the problems of cross-language communication" in this book that involves the study of multilingualism, interaction languages and, finally, international languages -- both ethnic and planned, and he considered the structure of the science of international language.

The history of linguistics

S. N. Kuznetsov worked as a history of linguistics. He has published previously unreleased works of I. A. Baudouin de Courtenay, N. V. Ushmanov, E. A. Bokarev and others. kuznetsov philology linguistic syntax

Teaching activities

S. N. Kuznetsov, taught courses to students of several Moscow universities (Moscow state University, Russian University of peoples friendship, Moscow state linguistic University etc.) and individual lectures in different cities of Russia

(Saint-Petersburg, Kemerovo) and abroad -- in Bulgaria, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, San Marino, Ukraine, France, Czech Republic, Estonia, Japan.

Publication

9 monographs and textbooks published by S. N. Kuznetsov, as well as more than 100 scientific articles (mainly in Russian, English, French, German, Japanese, Latvian, Slovak, Esperanto).

References

1. Кузнецов С. Н. Основные понятия и термины интерлингвистики. -- М.: Изд-во УДН, 1982. -- 80 с.

2. Кузнецов С. Н. Теоретическая грамматика датского языка. Синтаксис. -- М.: Наука, 1984. -- 224 с.

3. Кузнецов С. Н. Теоретические основы интерлингвистики. -- М.: Издво УДН, 1987. -- 207 с.

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