The effect of globalization on framing a professional translator/interpreter

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The effect of globalization on framing a professional translator/interpreter

Valentyna Bohatyrets

The present study attempts to shed the light on the nature and development of the phenomenon of translation, aiming at disclosing the interrelationships between various fields of a human's life and translation to meet the requirements of the contemporary reality; and how they benefit from each other with a view to enormous changes to its interdisciplinary nature of cross-cultural communication. Furthermore, in today's new globalized world, professional translator as a mediating cross-cultural communicator is a must potential to effect change.

Keywords: globalization, translation, cross-cultural communication, effect, translator/interpreter.

Вплив глобалізації на процес формування професійної компетентності перекладача

Запропонована наукова розвідка простежує природу і розвиток феномена перекладу, розкриває тісний взаємозв'язок між різними ди-намічними процесами соціокультурної діяльності людства та професійним перекладом; їх взаємозбагачення у процесі крос-культурної комунікації. Крім того, професійний перекладач як медіатор крос- культурної комунікації є необхідною запорукою змін, успішного існування та виживання в умовах стрімкої глобалізації.

Ключові слова: глобалізація, переклад, міжкультурна комунікація, вплив, перекладач.

Влияние глобализации на процесс формирования профессиональной компетентности переводчика

Данное научное исследование прослеживает природу и развитие феномена перевода, раскрывает тесную взаимосвязь между различными динамическими процессами социокультурной деятельности человечества и профессиональным переводом; их взаимообогащение в процессе кросс-культурной коммуникации. Вместе с тем, профессиональный переводчик как медиатор кросс-культурной коммуникации является непременной гарантией изменений, успешного существования и выживания в условиях стремительной глобализации.

Ключевые слова: глобализация, перевод, межкультурная коммуникация, влияние, переводчик.

Be it for cultural, literary, scientific, medical, technological, commercial or legal purposes, today human communication depends profoundly on translation and, consequently, interest in this field is also growing. Equally important it is to note, that translation is also useful skill in itself.

Furthermore, in an era of disruptive innovation, rapid technological change, ubiquitous connectivity, big data, machine learning, algorithmic governance and digital literacy, translation is undergoing a period of innovative drastic transformation. A `now generation' of digital natives appears to dominate every walk of human life. The effects of digital technology and the internet on translation are incessant, all-encompassing and insightful. The implications for human languages, cultures and society of this unstoppable process are essential and far-reaching. In the Information Age, sometimes called the Translation Age, new ways of considering translation, totally accounting for dramatic changes in the digital age, are governments' efforts to remove economic, social and cultural barriers among peoples and nations. Many countries have increased their investment in various economic areas, which have resulted in world integration. In A.Bernacka's opinion, translating different narratives is an invaluable source of knowledge about unfamiliar languages, indigenous cultures and experiences, and is immensely useful for gaining other societies' understanding. Moreover, translation can also have a critical influence in politics and can act as an agent for reconciliation or social integration. Translations can, therefore, have a distinct effect on how global and human rights issues can be conveyed and communicated [1].

Noteworthy, globalization can be seen as a consequence of technologies reducing the costs of communication. This reduction has led both to the rise of English as the international lingua franca and to an increase in the global demand for translations. Globalization, promoting quantitative increase in international trade, allows further specialization of this kind, and thus greater regional diversity. The diversity-through-trade argument should probably help explain why translation is still very necessary. Products have to be moved from the spe-cialized places in which they are produced; their information thus has to cross linguistic and cultural borders; documents have to be translated [9, p. 4].

3. The Role of the Translator/Interpreter in Cross-Cultural Com-munication. Translators/interpreters' profession requires them to know and concurrently operate on exchanges between different cultures. Trans-lators/interpreters move things across language boundaries, negotiate treaties, produce transnational news and entertainment, surround peoples' lives with a million products received in cultures different to the ones they were produced in. They are the representatives of professional intercultures: translators, diplomats, traders, negotiators, technicians manipulating complex codes, when and wherever products and their texts cross cultural boundaries [9, p. 8].

Translations are never a product of a cultural void and there is a general agreement between translation scholars that `in seeking to transport words (and sentences and texts) from one language to another, the translator cannot merely search for equivalent words in the target language to render the meaning of the source. Therefore, as stated by Aniela Korzeniowska and Piotr Kuhiwczak, translators not only have to be intermediaries between different language systems, but also have to be intercultural mediators. The role of the translator is to mediate source ideas across cultural and national boundaries placing him or her in a unique position to understand various development issues. Thus translating .... is an invaluable source of knowledge about unfamiliar languages and cultural experiences and is immensely useful for gaining an understanding of different societies for development education purposes in particular [7].

In our globalised world of multilingual milieu translation serves as an authentic act of communication and yields language awareness as well as highlights the differences and similarities between the new and existing languages. Interestingly, many people also find the tackling of translation problems intellectually stimulating and aesthetically satisfying.

It goes without saying that translation has always been important in human communication.

Translators try to transfer source text to target text, therefore transferring new ideas, meanings, and beliefs from one language to the other. At times they act like a bridge connecting two different cultures. By translation, new thoughts, philosophies and points of view are entered into different languages. Translators/interpreters are responsible for all philosophies, ideas and points of view that one transfers rightly or wrongly. All-round translator/interpreter's education requires greater sensibility to broader communicative purposes.

4. Framing Professional Translators/Interpreters. Coming to terms of framing a professional translator/interpreter in the present-day globalized world, one should bear in mind, that it is a crucial step toward adequately meeting the pedagogical challenge of training translators/interpreters for the future and of ensuring more effective cross-cultural communication. Translation scholars agree that translators/interpreters need to posses two basic kinds of theoretical knowledge: an operative or procedural knowledge by which they know how to translate and a declarative or factual knowledge which shapes and models their procedural activity and sets their skill and expertise within a systematic framework. translation human contemporary reality

Consequently, declarative and procedural knowledge enable translators/interpreters to tackle the multifarious fields of discourse that come their way without necessarily having specific content-based knowledge and to undertake the problem-predicting and problemsolving processes that constitute the mainstay of any translation training course. Procedural knowledge or, in other words, a theory of translating, is not in itself sufficient.

The immediate topic for professional translators and interpreters working in the Global Village of the 21st Century: is professionalism, from the standpoint of codes of ethics and standards of practice. Significantly, the core concepts - confidentiality, accuracy and completeness, impartiality, integrity, propriety in behavior - are common in virtually all codes of ethics and standards of practice anywhere in the world [3].

To sum it up, the ability to decode cultures and bridge worlds - translation - is one of the most highly demanded skills today. TS addresses the need for linguistic knowledge and intercultural competence in a global business environment, a requirement and necessity that has become more apparent to many international businesses and organizations, any would-be professional translator/interpreter is to customize his or her translation degree vis-a-vis a specific aspect of intercultural communication, such as business interactions, public discourse, media discourse, as well as the discourse of consumption and globalization.

Conclusion. To draw a conclusion, translation is not merely a linguistic process, but can also make a a significant impact on political, social and cultural aspects of a human's life. Consequently, the translation process can be viewed as a way of introducing linguistic as well as cultural equality, to become languages utilized and promoted through education, working towards formal protection by the respective state constitutions and curricula.

Noteworthy, throughout the past decade, globalization has been fervently discussed by scholars in the field of translation and those in other fields, i.e. industry, management, politics, economics, etc. At the translation level, globalization has impacted the lives of everyone, including the profession of translation and the lives of translators. With the new technology and the emergence of new words and concepts, translators have to incorporate globalization into their daily practices. At the cultural level, translation can bridge the gap between peoples and nations, and globalization has contributed in a more effective way towards understanding the source language and culture.

References

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2. Bohatyrec W. (2015) Translation Studies in Cross-Cultural Profe-ssional Activity Ksztalcenie Zawodowe w perspektywie wspolczesnych uwarunkowan spolecznych / Redakcja naukowa. Malgorzata Krawczyk- Blicharska, Justyna Miko-Giedyk.- PP.137-147

3. Brauer C. (2012). Professionalism: Code of Ethics, Standards of Practice, Commitment to Privacy and Confidentiality. Retrieved from https://claudiabrauer.wordpress.com/2012/12/19/professionalism- code-of-ethics-standards-of-practice-commitment-to-privacy-and- confidentiality/ (Accessed 05.05.2016)

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7. House J. (2010). English as a Global Lingua Franca-A Threat to Multilingualism? / Globalization and Aspects of Translation (Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing). - 198 p.

8. Neubert A. (1989) Translation as mediation / R.Kolmel & J.Payne Eds., Babel, `The Cultural and Linguistic Barriers between Nations', Aberdeen, Aberdeen University Press. - P. 5

9. Pym A. (2003). Globalization and the Politics of Translation Studies http://usuaris.tinet.cat/apym/on-line/translation/globalization_ca nada.pdf. - 13 p. (Accessed 12.10.2016)

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