Морфология английского языка

I. Составьте предложения из данных слов и словосочетаний. Помните о порядке слов (S -- подлежащее, V -- сказуемое, O -- дополнение, A -- обстоятельство

1. a big fish / John / ate / (S+V+O) / John ate a big fish. …

2. children / kittens / love / (S+V+O) / Сhildren love kittens…

3. the answer / nobody / knows / (S+V+O) / Nobody knows the answer…

4. a new dress / Mary / bought / yesterday / (S+V+O+A) / Mary bought a new dress yesterday…

5. the film / all of us / last night / enjoyed / (S+V+O+A)./ All of us enjoyed the film yesterday…

6. John Black / to the supermarket / will go / tomorrow / (S+V+A+A). / John Black will go to the supermarket tomorrow …

II.

a) Преобразуйте общий вопрос в специальный, используя данные вопросительные слова

1. Do they live near here? / … Where do they live? …

2. Did you see her last Friday? / When did you see her?…

3. Will Peter help you? / Whom will help you?…

4. Can Henry speak French? / What language can Henry speak?…

5. Does he smoke? / Why he smoke?…

b) На основе данных предложений составьте предложения с глаголом в повелительном наклонении, начиная с Don't

2. She's very tired. I hope you won't wake her up. / Please don't wake up her…

3. He'll be in a hurry. You mustn't keep him waiting. / Don't keep him waiting…

4. You mustn't bother me now. I'm much too busy. / Don't bother me…

III. Перепишите предложения, поставив существительные во множественное число. Внесите соответствующие изменения

1. A train is much quicker than a bus. / ... Trains are much quicker than buses. ...

2. A lion is a dangerous animal. / Lions are dangerous animals....

3. A computer is an expensive piece of equipment. / Computers are expensive pieces of equipment...

4. A woman tends to live longer than a man. / Women tend to live longer than a men...

5. A child waits for you. / Children wait for you...

6. A dish and a knife are in the cupboard. / Dishes and knifes are in the cupboard...

7. I hate to hear a baby crying or a dog barking. / I hate to hear babies crying or dogs barking...

IV. Подберите необходимую форму артикля (a/an или the). Переведите предложения 4 и 6 на русский язык

1. I wrote ........... a .......... .......... long letter to Jenny this morning.

Did I show you ............ the ........... letter I got from Paris this morning?

2. London is ...the ......... biggest city in Britain.

Manchester is ...a....... big city in the north of England.

3. My uncle was ...a ......... dentist before he retired.

Arthur Brown is ... the.......... dentist who lives next door to my parents.

4. It's not easy to learn ... a............ foreign language which is very different from your own language. ...

Japanese is certainly ...the ..... most difficult language I tried to learn. ...

Непросто учить иностранный язык, который очень сильно отличается от родного.

Японский, конечно, самый сложный язык, который я пробовал учить.

5. Agatha Christie was ...a ......... well known writer of detective stories.

Agatha Christie was ...the ............. writer who invented Hercule Poirot.

6. She watched a... man go into a jeweler's shop, a little later the ... man came running out with a gun. ...

Она видела мужчину, входившего в ювелирный магазин, чуть позже этот мужчина убегал с пистолетом.

V. Заполните пропуски следующими местоимениями: I (3), she (3), we, it, me (3), her Цифры в скобках указывают количество соответствующих местоимений в задании.

The other day when I went shopping a woman stopped ......... me ....... ....... and asked ......me........ the way to the post office. ...I .. gave her directions and ...she ...... thanked ...me ... politely, then ran off quickly in the opposite direction. ...I .. put my hand in my pocket and found that my wallet missed. ...She ... must have taken it while ...we ..... were talking. ...I ...... shouted and ran after ...her ....... but ...it ........... was no good. ...She .... disappeared in the crowd.

VI.

2. Mary hung ...her ............... coat on the peg.

3. Jack had ...his ... . hair cut.

4. I left ...my ... ...... car in the garage.

5. Neil and David ate ...their ... . supper.

6. We'll invite you round to ...our ... ......... house sometime.

7. Every dog had ...its ... .... own special basket to sleep in.

b) Вставьте возвратные/усилительные местоимения. Переведите предложения

1. The chairman announced the news ... himself ...

2. We built most of the house ourselves...

3. The president himself... appeared on television. She spoke for about ten minutes....

4. The children themselves... did most of the work. ...

5. The town itself... was so small that it didn't have a bank. ...

6. I blame myself... for not paying attention.

7. ... Did you make it yourself...? ...

VII. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение неопределенных местоимений some, any, another, other, each, every, one

1. I'd like to ask you for some advice. / ...

Я бы хотел спросить у тебя какого-нибудь совета.

2. Some man phoned, but didn't leave his number. / ...

Какой-то мужчина звонил, но номер свой не оставил.

3. Are there any jobs men can do but women can't? / ...

Есть ли здесь какая-нибудь работа, которую могут делать мужчины, а женщины не могут?

4. I like any fruit except bananas. / ...

Я люблю любые фрукты, кроме бананов.

5. He opened another shop last month. / ...

Он открыл еще один магазин в прошлом месяце.

6. Each lesson lasts for forty minutes. / ...

Каждый урок длится 40 минут.

7. One never knows what to say in such situations. / ...

Он никогда не знает, что говорить в таких ситуациях.

VIII.

a) Составьте предложения, содержащие сравнение. Используйте приведенные ниже слова. Переведите предложения 3 и 5

1. Tokyo -- big -- New York. / ... Tokyo is bigger than New York. ...

2. My sister -- old -- me. / My sister is older than me...

3. Our new house -- good -- the one we used to live in. / Our new house is better than the one we used to live in...

Наш новый дом лучше того, в котором мы привыкли жить.

4. Travelling by train -- comfortable -- travelling by bus. / Travelling by train is more comfortable than travelling by bus...

5. Shopping at a supermarket -- cheap -- going to the local shops. / Shopping at a supermarket is cheaper than going to the local shops...

Покупки в супермаркете дешевле, чем походы по местным магазинам.

b) Заполните пропуски прилагательными в превосходной степени. Переведите предложения 3 и 5

1. The Pacific is ... the biggest ocean ... (big ocean)

2. Everest is the highest mountain... in the world. (high mountain)

3. China is .the most populated country in the world. (populated country) ...

Китай - самая населенная страна в мире.

4. I think Oxford is the best university... in Britain. (good university)

5. The Amazon is the longest... in the world. (long river) ...

Амазонка - самая длинная река в мире.

IX. Заполните пропуски правильными предлогами: above, at (2), by, in (2), off, on, opposite, out of, to, for

1. My diary is on... the table in... the sitting room.

2. John's not at... home. He went out for... work an hour ago. He

works in ... McDonald's.

3. There was a big picture at... the wall just above... the fireplace.

4. Do you usually go to the university by... bus?

5. They live ... in the big house on the left to... the end of our street.

6. He was so badly injured, he couldn't get out of... the car by himself.

7. Get off... the bus at... the end of High Street, and you'll see my

office just opposite... the bus stop.

X. Переведите письменно текст и ответьте на вопросы

Here is a puzzle. One must puzzle out it and answer the questions. There are some books on a shelf. There are three big ones and two small ones. One of the big ones is red. There is a small green book. There are two green ones altogether and two blue ones. Only one of the small books is green.

Вот ребус. Кто-то должен разобраться в нем и ответить на вопросы. На полке несколько книг. 3 большие книги и две маленькие. Одна из больших красного цвета. Есть маленькая зеленая книга. Вот две зеленых книги рядышком и две синих. Только одна из маленьких книг зеленая.

1. How many books are there altogether? ...

There are 5 books altogether.

2. What colour are the big books? ...

The big books are three-coloured: red, blue, green

3. What colour are the small ones? ...

The small ones have two coloures: blue and green.

XI. Закончите предложения, поставив глаголы в формы единственного или множественного числа

1. We both ... like ... football but neither of us ... likes ... tennis (likes/like)

2. The young man you met goes... to college with my sister (go/goes)

3. The children are... ready for school (is/are)

4. The address on the letter was... wrong (were/was)

5. Mary and Peter, the couple I met last week, invite... us to dinner (invites/invite)

6. My brother is... in the army (is/are)

7. The books we bought were... very expensive (was/were)

8. The hotel has... quite large rooms (have/has)

XII. Прочтите предложения и выполните задания a) и b)

a) Подчеркните слова, оканчивающиеся на -s (-es). Определите функцию этих окончаний, обозначив буквой: P (possession) -- притяжательный падеж существительного, V (verb) -- глагол в третьем лице единственного числа в Present Indefinite и N (noun) -- множественное число существительного

b) Найдите случаи употребления существительных в функции определения. Выделите их, как указано в модели: Summer Gardens

Britain's (p) climate is mild. It often rains (v), and fogs (n) are quite frequent. The Gulf Stream, a warm ocean current, crosses (v) the Atlantic Ocean and warms (v) the seas (n) around the British coast. Winter temperature seldom falls (v) below zero.

XIII. Переведите текст устно. Укажите видо-временную форму выделенных в тексте глаголов

The Doctor's Advice

Once an old gentleman went (Past Indefinite) to see a doctor. The doctor examined (Past Indefinite) him and said “What can I do? Medicine won't help (Future Indefinite) you. You must have a complete rest. Go to a quiet country place for a month, go to bed early, drink milk, walk a lot, and you may smoke just one cigar a day”.

“Thank you very much,” said the old gentleman, “I shall do (Future Indefinite) everything you say”.

A month later the gentleman came (Past Indefinite) to the doctor again. “How are (Present Indefinite) you?” said the doctor, “I am (Present Indefinite) very glad to see you. You look (Present Indefinite) much younger”.

“Oh, doctor,” said the gentleman, “I feel quite well now. I had a good rest. I went to bed early, I drank a lot of milk, I walked (Past Indefinite) a lot. Your advice certainly helped me. But you told (Past Indefinite) me to smoke one cigar a day, and that one cigar a day almost killed me at first. It's no joke to start smoking at my age”.

Совет врача

Однажды, пожилой джентельмен пришел к врачу на осмотр. Врач осмотрел его и сказал: «Что я могу сделать? Медицина не сможет Вам помочь. Вы должны хорошенько отдохнуть. Поезжайте в тихое в стране местечко на месяц, ложитесь спать рано, пейте молоко, много гуляйте, и Вы можете выкуривать лишь одну сигарету в день».

«Большое спасибо», - сказал пожилой джентельмен, - «я буду выполнять все, что Вы сказали».

Месяц спустя джентельмен пришел к доктору снова. «Как Вы?», - спросил врач, - «я очень рад Вас видеть. Вы выглядите гораздо моложе».

«О, доктор», - сказал джентельмен, - «я чувствую себя достаточно хорошо. Я хорошо отдохнул. Я ложился спать рано, пил много молока, много гулял. Ваш совет, конечно, помог мне. Но Вы сказали мне выкуривать одну сигарету в день, и эта одна сигарета в день чуть не убила меня сначала. Это не шутка - начать курить в моем возрасте».

XIV. Составьте письменно восемь вопросов по содержанию текста (см. упр. XIII): по два вопроса с глаголами в Present, Past и Future Indefinite и два вопроса с модальными глаголами

Who's glad to see an old gentleman?

Who looks much younger?

Who came to the doctor a month later?

What the doctor said to the old gentleman?

Who won't help the old gentleman?

What the old gentleman shall do after his visit to a doctor.

Could the doctor help an old gentleman?

How many cigars might smoke an old gentleman?