Зовнішньоторговельна детермінанта розвитку національної економіки

Ключові слова: національна економіка, розвиток національної економіки, зовнішньоторговельна детермінанта, зовнішньоторговельний потенціал, зовнішня торгівля, митно-тарифне регулювання.

Аннотация

Матвеева В.Ю. Внешнеторговая детерминанта развития национальной экономики. - Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание научной степени кандидата экономических наук по специальности 08.00.03 - Экономика и управление национальным хозяйством. - Донецкий национальный университет экономики и торговли имени Михаила Туган-Барановского, Донецк, 2010.

Диссертация посвящена актуальным вопросам теоретических и практических аспектов исследования внешнеторговой детерминанты развития национальной экономики. Разработаны научно-методические основы формирования и использования внешнеторгового потенциала национальной экономики, на основе чего предложена концепция управления внешнеторговым потенциалом. Анализ тенденций развития внешней торговли Украины и ее таможенно-тарифного регулирования позволил разработать периодизацию внешнеторговой детерминанты. Предложена система показателей для оценки эффективности внешнеторгового сотрудничества. Смоделировано влияние структурообразующего фактора внешней торговли на экономический рост. При определении стратегических внешнеторговых приоритетов сформирована процессная модель региональной интеграции на основе принципов селективности, превентивности и равноправности. С целью усовершенствования внешнеторговой детерминанты развития национальной экономики разработана матрица мероприятий, направленных на повышение эффективности внешней торговли по потокам - экспортному и импортному, и по направлениям: структурному, финансовому, инновационному, институционному и интеграционному.

Ключевые слова: национальная экономика, развитие национальной экономики, внешнеторговая детерминанта, внешнеторговый потенциал, внешняя торговля, таможенно-тарифное регулирование.

Annotation

Matvieieva V. Yu. Foreign Trade Determinant of National Economy Development. - Manuscript.

Dissertation for a candidate degree in economics on speciality 08.00.03 - Economics and Governance of National Economy. - Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mikhail Tugan-Baranovsky, Donetsk, 2010.

The dissertation deals with actual issues of theoretic and practical aspects of foreign trade determinant of national economy development.

In the first section "Theoretical and Methodical Basement of Foreign Trade Determinant in National Economic System" it is proposed to consider foreign trade determinant as a complex system including foreign trade policy that is realized to be an institutional basis of foreign trade, and foreign trade potential that is understood as an ability of national economy to perform foreign trade. Foreign trade policy and foreign trade potential are based on strategic and tactical priorities of economic development and growth. Due to its providing, integrating, stimulating, transforming and innovating functions foreign trade appears to be a key sector of national economy which relates other sectors of national economy as well as national and world economy. The author has formulated an original definition of foreign trade potential as an economic system which unites national economy's ability to provide foreign trade activity on the basement of its total economic potential, the realizing process of such an ability with regards to real institutional conditions and the result of foreign trade as a structural element of national economy and an important aspect of international competitiveness in spatiotemporal continuum. The mechanism of foreign trade potential forming, using and managing has been revealed. With these results the author has structured foreign trade potential and classified its elements by direction, product, region, vertical level of competitive advantage formation, stability and activity.

The second section of the dissertation named "Specific Features of Ukraine's Foreign Trade under Conditions of Integration into the World Economy" is devoted to analyzing the process of involving Ukraine's economy into international division of labor on the ground of exploring different aspects of export and import dynamics; determining the role of customs tariff regulation in Ukraine's trade policy and revealing competitive advantages of Ukraine's economy in the field of foreign trade. It is proved that development of foreign trade determinant of national economy can be divided into five periods due to criteria of economic openness, geographic structure of foreign trade, trade liberalization, using of different customs tariff instruments. Modern state of Ukraine's foreign trade is characterized as bipolar with prevailing of raw import and manufactured export with CIS and manufactured import and raw export with EU. On the ground of original method of evaluating the efficiency of foreign trade under conditions of regional integration it is proved that Ukraine's trade with EU and GUAM is the most efficient. The author has proposed an econometric model dealt with influence of foreign trade structural factors of economic growth, namely raw, manufactured and high-tech export and import shares in GDP, FDI share in GDP and some dummies. On the ground of econometric analysis a piece-linear connection has been revealed between economic growth and foreign trade structural factor.

In the third section of the dissertation titled "Improvement of Foreign Trade Determinant Management in Ukraine's National Economy" the author has defined the main strategic foreign trade priorities of Ukraine's national economy, worked out the conception of foreign trade potential management and proposed a matrix of measurements aimed at improving the efficiency of Ukraine's foreign trade. It is necessary to elaborate a new model of economic development based on joining elements of export-oriented, import-substituting and innovative strategies. One of the strategic priorities of economic development is a participation in regional economic integration, so it is proposed a process model of regional integration which main aim is to define such priorities in foreign trade. The main principles of the model are selectivity, prevention and equality. An original conception of foreign trade potential management is aimed at improving foreign trade performance and foreign trade policy, grounding on principles of scientific basement, strategy, system and consistency of institutional measurements, dialectic correlation of static and dynamic components of foreign trade potential, active usage of resources, rational and balanced management of components of foreign trade potential. For the matrix mentioned above to be built it is proposed to use a system approach to improving foreign trade efficiency with regard to export or import direction of the trade flow. These measurements ought to be pointed at improving structural, innovative, financial, integration, institutional aspects of foreign trade determinant of national economy development.

Key words: national economy, national economy development, foreign trade determinant, foreign trade potential, foreign trade, customs tariff regulation.

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