Why do people in East Africa live in poverty and how can we help them

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The situation in the East Africa

Project work on the topic:

Why do people in East Africa live in poverty and how can we help them?

Fulfilled by

Nastya Sarkisyan

Group: 2АП8-2

Teacher: Danny Griffin

Surgut - 2014

Summary in Russian

Тема проекта «Почему люди в Восточной Африке живут бедно, и как мы можем помочь им».

В своей работе, я хочу сказать, что все страны Восточной Африки бедные, так как отстали от других стран в экономическом и социальном развитиях. Это проблема связана с колонизмом. Простые жители стран Восточной Африки воспринимаются их правительствами как дешевый труд. Что касается ресурсов, то Восточная Африка не очень ими богата. Правительства этих стран не заботятся об образовании детей, они только продают дешевое сырье и заботятся о деньгах, а не о народе. Поэтому им нужно помочь! Как же мы это сделаем? Например, мы можем создать организацию, чтобы учить африканских детей. Потому что если мы не сделаем этого, страны Африки так и останутся на аграрном этапе развития общества.

Introduction

I have chosen this topic because I want to learn why people in East Africa live in poverty. I am going to give reasons of this. I believe that it is important not only for me, but for other people and their countries, because we are all humans as we should help and support African people living in poverty. I am going to use the Internet and the book “All Countries of the World”, to find some information about my topic. During my work my teachers Mr. Griffin and Mr. Banlock helped me.

Goal

The goal of my project work is to prove that some East countries of Africa are not developed, so they live in poverty. You can see the reasons of this. Such as:

-Lagging behind European countries

-The lowest market in the world

-The lack of education

africa country educational poverty

The main part

The East Africa includes 8 countries. They are:

· Djibouti

· Kenya,

· Comoros Islands,

· Somalia,

· Sudan,

· Tanzania,

· Eritrea,

· Ethiopia,

The lagging behind Euro countries

First reason is the lagging behind European countries. I think that it is one of the important reasons of poverty of the East African countries. Why is it so? To learn it, we should plunge into the past of Africa.

The first European explorers came to the African continent in the XV century.

I would like to underline that Europe created a need for low-cost raw materials in factories that is why they were eager to conquer African's resources for the advantage of their countries. East African colonies were used to provide a large amount of precious minerals, agricultural products, hides, ivory, cotton, and other cheap raw materials for Europe.

After having got independence, the East African countries faced the problem of finding an effective way to overcome the economical crisis.

Their economies are still focused on exporting cheap raw materials to Europe. After having got independence, many countries in East Africa were covered with conflicts after the overthrow of the colonial government, and the political systems of the countries based on corruption.

After the Second World War the following countries achieved independence:

- Djibouti (1977)

- Kenya (1963)

- Comoros (1975)

Somalia (1960)

- Sudan (1957)

- Tanzania (1961)

- Eritrea (1993)

- Ethiopia

African people could not organize commercial and political sides of the country, as the colonizers had done well. They just were not prepared to do it because they could do only physical work. Euro countries got ahead and now they belong to the international post-industrial society, but Africa is still preindustrial.

The lowest market in the world

The second reason of poverty of the East African is the lowest market in the world. After the colonial period, the countries deteriorated into underdeveloped economies. All the countries, under study, are agrarian ones. Africa is mainly a supplier of agricultural and mineral raw materials. It should be mentioned that East Africa has gold, diamonds, and iron but only in small amounts. Besides, they grow cotton, tobacco, coffee, tea and sell them for export which unfortunately gives little profit. In my opinion the key-problem is they do not use high technologies to organize the process of selling.

Moreover, fishing and cattle breeding play the main role in their economics.

(The book “All Countries in the World”)

The lack of education

The third reason is the lack of education. Poverty is also linked to the level of education. If people do not have a good education they cannot get an interesting and prestigious job. The Governments leaders of East Africa sell the minerals very cheap. The money goes only some powerful representatives of political elite.

They do not care about their people, they care only about money. Governments do not invest money to create good schools.

I have decided to analyze the table “Earnings and unemployment rates” in the USA and look at the levels of education in East African countries.

My friend Carolina from Canada helped me. She found and send me statistics, showing us that a good education provides well-paid jobs.

Note: Data are for persons aged 25 and over. Earnings are for full-time wage and salary workers.

These education categories represent information about the highest level of education.

And now I can show you the level of education in East AfricaPoverty is a barrier for many young people for acquiring foundational skills for work.

Not completed lower secondary education aged 15-24 in East Africa:

Source: Worldwide Inequalities Database on Education www.education-inequalities.org

The line represents the percent's of young people aged 15-24

The graph shows how many young people did not finish secondary school.

For example:

In Tanzania, about 85% of poorest young people did not finish their secondary education.

As for the rich, it is about 55%. It shows that if you have money you can have good education.

The dark dot on the line means 70% of all young people have not finished their secondary education.

They have very high percentage of people with their secondary education not finished.

Poor people are going to remain poor because the graph shows they do not access to good education.

The lack of skills will affect the lives of these young people forever

*Without foundational skills, young people will either be unemployed or will be forced to take work earning nothing more than a poverty wage.

*Young people are far more likely to be unemployed than adults. Youth unemployment in Ethiopia is twice as high as unemployment for older people.

(See more in appendix)

Solution

What can we do to help people in East Africa? For example, we can make a special organization, where every specialist knows the English Language and can teach African children. These people will come to African countries and teach children. I think it is the best solution for people, who live in poverty.

If you do not have a good education you can not get an interesting and prestigious job. People need education to develop their skills and personality. I consider if people are educated, they can do everything, because without education people are limited and do not reach their goals.

Conclusion

To sum up I want to say that all countries in East Africa are poor, as they are lagging behind Euro countries. Secondly, the East African countries are not very rich in mineral resources. Last but not least is people need a good education. The way which can help to solve these problems is making an organization to teach children in Africa.

Reasons

1)Lagging behind from Euro countries >the European colonialism.

2)As for resources, they are not very rich >they do not have special technologies

3) Bad education >The governments do not care about their children's education

Bibliography

1. www.bibliotekar.ru

2. The book “All countries in the world”

3. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey

4. www.education-inequalities.org

5. Education for All Global Monitoring Report, UNESCO, January 2013

6. http://forum.averia.ws/threads/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89%D1%8C-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5.2795/

Appendix

The lack of skills will affect the lives of these young people forever

*Without foundational skills, young people will either be unemployed or will be forced to take work earning nothing more than a poverty wage.

*Young people are far more likely to be unemployed than adults. Youth unemployment in Ethiopia is twice as high as unemployment for older people.

* Many children do not go in school because of poverty are working instead. Children who work at the early age instead just to study. Ethiopia has one of the highest rates of child labour in the world. According to one survey, half of all children aged 5 to 14 were in some form of work in 2001. While some could combine work with schooling,

(Source: Education for All Global Monitoring Report, UNESCO, January 2013)

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