ó㳺í³÷íà îö³íêà âïëèâó íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà
Ìåòîäèêà ïðîâåäåííÿ ã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ îö³íêè âïëèâó íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà. Àíàë³ç íóòð³ºíòíîãî ñêëàäó ðàö³îí³â õàð÷óâàííÿ ç³ çíèæåíèì âì³ñòîì âóãëåâîä³â. Äîñë³äæåííÿ âïëèâó íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ.
| Ðóáðèêà | Êóëèíàðèÿ è ïðîäóêòû ïèòàíèÿ |
| Âèä | ñòàòüÿ |
| ßçûê | óêðàèíñêèé |
| Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ | 25.11.2020 |
| Ðàçìåð ôàéëà | 33,6 K |
Îòïðàâèòü ñâîþ õîðîøóþ ðàáîòó â áàçó çíàíèé ïðîñòî. Èñïîëüçóéòå ôîðìó, ðàñïîëîæåííóþ íèæå
Ñòóäåíòû, àñïèðàíòû, ìîëîäûå ó÷åíûå, èñïîëüçóþùèå áàçó çíàíèé â ñâîåé ó÷åáå è ðàáîòå, áóäóò âàì î÷åíü áëàãîäàðíû.
Ðàçìåùåíî íà http://www.allbest.ru/
Ðàçìåùåíî íà http://www.allbest.ru/
Íàö³îíàëüíèé ìåäè÷íèé óí³âåðñèòåò ³ìåí³ Î.Î. Áîãîìîëüöÿ
ó㳺í³÷íà îö³íêà âïëèâó íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà
Ãåðàñèìåíêî Ñ.Â., Áëàãàÿ À.Â. dzí÷åíêî Ò.².
Äîñë³äæåíî âïëèâ íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ëþäèíè.
Ìåòà ðîáîòè: ã³ã³ºí³÷íà îö³íêà âïëèâó íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà. Ìàòåð³àëè òà ìåòîäè. Ïðîâåäåíî àíàë³ç íóòð³ºíòíîãî ñêëàäó ÷îòèðüîõ ðàö³îí³â òà äîñë³äæåíî äèíàì³êó âàãè ñòóäåíòà çà ïåð³îä ñïîñòåðåæåíü.
Ðåçóëüòàòè: âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî â çàïðîïîíîâàíèõ ðàö³îíàõ çìåíøåíà ê³ëüê³ñòü æèð³â ³ âóãëåâîä³â, à òàêîæ çíèæåííÿ ð³âíþ òàêîãî ì³êðîíóòð³ºíòó, ÿê êàëüö³é, îäíàê çá³ëüøåíà ê³ëüê³ñòü ìàãí³þ, ôîñôîðó, êàëüö³þ, çàë³çà òà ï³äâèùåíèé âì³ñò â³òàì³í³â. Åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü ðàö³îí³â íèæ÷å äîáîâèõ ïîòðåá ìàéæå â 5 ðàç³â. Âèÿâëåíî ïîçèòèâíó äèíàì³êó çíèæåííÿ âàãè ñòóäåíòà çà ïåð³îä ç 30.07.2018 ïî 22.08.2018. Âèçíà÷åíî, ùî âì³ñò æèðó, â ò.÷. â³ñöåðàëüíîãî, çà ïåð³îä äîñë³äæåííÿ çíèçèâñÿ. Òàêîæ áóëî ïîì³òíå çìåíøåííÿ îáâîäó ãðóäíî¿ êë³òêè, òà볿, æèâîòà òà ñòåãîí.
Âèñíîâêè. Îòðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè äîçâîëèëè âñòàíîâèòè, ùî êîðîòêîòðèâàëå íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíå õàð÷óâàííÿ ïîçèòèâíî âïëèâຠíà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ëþäèíè ç³ çá³ëüøåíîþ âàãîþ.
Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: õàð÷îâèé ðàö³îí, ñîìàòîìåòðè÷í³ ïîêàçíèêè, íóòð³ºíòíèé ñêëàä.
Ãèãèåíè÷åñêàÿ îöåíêà âëèÿíèÿ íèçêîóãëåâîäíîãî ïèòàíèÿ íà ïèùåâîé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà
Ãåðàñèìåíêî Ñ.Â., Áëàãàÿ À.Â., Çèí÷åíêî Ò.È.
Öåëü ðàáîòû: ãèãèåíè÷åñêàÿ îöåíêà íèçêîóãëåâîäíîãî ïèòàíèÿ íà ïèùåâîé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà.
Ìàòåðèàëû è ìåòîäû. Ïðîâåäåí àíàëèç íóòðèåíò- íîãî ñîñòàâà ÷åòûðåõ ðàöèîíîâ è èññëåäîâàíà äèíàìèêà ìàññû òåëà ñòóäåíòà çà ïåðèîä íàáëþäåíèÿ.
Ðåçóëüòàòû: óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî â ïðåäëîæåííûõ ðàöèîíàõ óìåíüøåííîå êîëè÷åñòâî æèðîâ è óãëåâîäîâ, à òàêæå ñíèæåí óðîâåíü òàêîãî ìèêðîíóòðèåíòà, êàê êàëüöèé, íî óâåëè÷åíî êîëè÷åñòâî ìàãíèÿ, ôîñôîðà, êàëüöèÿ, æåëåçà è ïîâûøåííîå ñîäåðæàíèå âèòàìèíîâ. Ýíåðãåòè÷åñêàÿ öåííîñòü ðàöèîíà íèæå ñóòî÷íûõ ýíåðãîòðàò ïî÷òè â 5 ðàç. Óñòàíîâëåíà ïîçèòèâíàÿ äèíàìèêà ñíèæåíèÿ âåñà ó ñòóäåíòà â ïåðèîä ñ 30.07.2018 ïî 22.08.2018. Îïðåäåëåíî, ÷òî ñîäåðæàíèå æèðà, â ò.÷. âèñöåðàëüíîãî, â ïåðèîä èññëåäîâàíèÿ ñíèçèëîñü. Òàêæå áûëî îòìå÷åíî óìåíüøåíèå îáúåìà ãðóäíîé êëåòêè, òàëèè, æèâîòà, áåäåð.
Âûâîäû. Ïîëó÷åííûå ðåçóëüòàòû ïîçâîëèëè óñòàíîâèòü, ÷òî êðàòêîâðåìåííîå íèçêîóãëåâîäíîå ïèòàíèå ïîçèòèâíî âëèÿåò íà ïèùåâîé ñòàòóñ ÷åëîâåêà ñ ïîâûøåííîé ìàññîé òåëà.
Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: ïèùåâîé ðàöèîí, ñîìàòîìåòðè- ÷åñêèå ïîêàçàòåëè, íóòðèåíòíûé ñîñòàâ.
Hygienic assessment of low-carbohydrate diet's influence on the nutritional status of the student
Herasymenko S.V., Blagaia A.V., Zinchenko T.I.
The effect of low-carbohydrate diets on the nutritional status of human has been studied.
The aim of the work was the hygienic assessment of the effect of low-carbohydrate diet on the student's nutritional status.
Materials and methods. The analysis of the nutrient composition of the four diets was carried out and the dynamics of the student's body mass over the observation period were studied.
Results. Findings indicate reduced amounts of fats and carbohydrates content in proposed diets, as well as a decrease in the level of micronutrients such as Ca, however, the amount of Mg, P, K, Fe and some vitamins were increased. The energy value of the rations was below daily needs by almost 5 times. The positive dynamics of the student's body weight reduction for the period from 07/30/ 2018 to 08/22/2018 was revealed. It is determined that the fat content, incl. visceral, during the study period decreased. A decrease in chest, waist, abdomen and hips circumferences was also noted.
Conclusions. The results obtained allowed to establish that a temporary low-carbohydrate diet has a positive effect on the nutritional status of a person with an increased body mass.
Key words: nutrition ration, somatometric indices, nutrient composition.
Âñòóï
Íà ñüîãîäí³ ïðîáëåìà íàäëèøêîâî¿ âàãè º äóæå àêòóàëüíîþ [1]. Çà äàíèìè ÂÎÎÇ [2] ñòàíîì íà 2016 ð³ê á³ëüø í³æ 1,9 ìëðä. ëþäåé ìàþòü íàäëèøêîâó âàãó. Ó á³ëüø ðîçâèíåíèõ êðà¿íàõ ªâðîïè 25% ï³äë³òê³â ìàþòü íàäëèøêîâó ìàñó ò³ëà [3].  Ñïîëó÷åíèõ Øòàòàõ Àìåðèêè ó ïåð³îä ç 1988 ïî 1994 ð³ê áëèçüêî 22% ï³äë³òê³â ìàëè íàäì³ðíó âàãó àáî îæèð³ííÿ. Öå çíà÷åííÿ çá³ëüøèëîñÿ äî 34,03% ó ïåð³îä ç 2009 ïî 2014 ðîêè. Ïðîòÿãîì öüîãî æ ïåð³îäó â³äñîòîê ï³äë³òê³â, ÿê³ çàÿâèëè, ùî íàìàãàëèñÿ ñõóäíóòè, çíèçèâñÿ ç 33,68 äî 27,24 %. [4].
Îäíèì ç øëÿõ³â âèð³øåííÿ ö³º¿ ïðîáëåìè º íèçüêî- âóãëåâîäíå õàð÷óâàííÿ. Ñóòü íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ ïîëÿãຠâ òîìó, ùîá îáìåæèòè íàäõîäæåííÿ âóãëåâîä³â äî îðãàí³çìó ³ òèì ñàìèì çá³ëüøèòè ñïîæèâàííÿ âíóòð³øí³õ çàïàñ³â ãë³êîãåíó ïðîòÿãîì äíÿ òà àêòèâí³ñòü ë³ïîë³çó [5].
Ìåòà ðîáîòè: äàòè ã³ã³ºí³÷íó îö³íêó âïëèâó íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà.
Çàâäàííÿ:
1. Ïðîâåñòè àíàë³ç íóòð³ºíòíîãî ñêëàäó ÷îòèðüîõ ðàö³îí³â õàð÷óâàííÿ ç³ çíèæåíèì âì³ñòîì âóãëåâîä³â.
2. Äîñë³äèòè äèíàì³êó âàãè ñòóäåíòà çà ïåð³îä ç 30.07.2018 ð. ïî 22.08.2018 ð.
3. Îö³íèòè âïëèâ íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ íà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà.
Ìàòåð³àëè òà ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ
 ïåð³îä ç 30.07.2018 ïî 22.08.2018 ñòóäåíò, 19 ðîê³â, õàð÷óâàâñÿ 4-ìà ðàö³îíàìè (òàáë. 1). Äëÿ îö³íêè õàð÷îâîãî ñòàòóñó âèêîðèñòîâóâàëè àíêåòíî-îïèòóâàëüíèé ìåòîä, îö³íêó ïðîâîäèëè çà ñîìàòîìåòðè÷íèìè òà á³îõ³ì³÷íèìè (ãåìàòîëîã³÷íèìè) ïîêàçíèêàìè. Çâàæóâàííÿ çà äîïîìîãîþ âàã³â-àíàë³çàòîðà ÒÀÌÒÀ ÂÑ-730 òà âèì³ðè çàãàëüíîãî æèðó, â³ñöåðàëüíîãî æèðó, ì'ÿçîâî¿ ìàñè ïðîâîäèëè ùîäåííî. Âèì³ðþâàííÿ îáâîäó ãðóäíî¿ êë³òêè, ãðóäåé, æèâîòà, òà볿, ñòåãîí ïðîâîäèëè äî ïî÷àòêó äîñë³äæåííÿ òà íà îñòàííüîìó åòàï³.
Ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî îðãàí³÷íèé, ì³íåðàëüíèé òà â³òàì³ííèé ñêëàä ðàö³îí³â. Á³îõ³ì³÷íèé àíàë³ç êðîâ³ áóëî âèêîíàíî äî ïî÷àòêó íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ òà ï³ñëÿ. Ùîäåííî ñòóäåíò âæèâàâ 4-5 ë³òð³â çâè÷àéíî¿ âîäè, 20% ç ÿêèõ ï³ñëÿ 19:00, à 80% - äî 19:00.
Ðåçóëüòàòè òà ¿õ îáãîâîðåííÿ
Íà ïåðøîìó åòàï³ äîñë³äæåííÿ íàìè áóëî âèâ÷åíî âì³ñò õàð÷îâèõ ðå÷îâèí ó çàïðîïîíîâàíèõ õàð÷îâèõ ðàö³îíàõ òà ¿õ åíåðãåòè÷íó ö³íí³ñòü (òàáë. 2).
Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ó äîñë³äæóâàíèõ ðàö³îíàõ â³äì³÷àºòüñÿ çìåíøåíà ê³ëüê³ñòü æèð³â ³ âóãëåâîä³â, òà äîñòàòíº á³ëêîâå çàáåçïå÷åííÿ. ̳êðîåëåìåíòè â äîñë³äæóâàíèõ ðàö³îíàõ ì³ñòÿòüñÿ ó ï³äâèùåí³é ê³ëüêîñò³, ëèøå âì³ñò êàëüö³þ çíà÷íî íèæ÷å äîáîâèõ ïîòðåá. ³òàì³ííå çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ðàö³îí³â äîñòàòíº. Åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü ðàö³îí³â íèæ÷å äîáîâèõ ïîòðåá ìàéæå â 5 ðàç³â.
Íà äðóãîìó åòàï³ ìè îö³íèëè õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ñòóäåíòà. Âèçíà÷èëè ìàñîâî-ðîñòîâèé ³íäåêñ Êåòëå - á³îìàñ-³íäåêñ (Â̲) çà ôîðìóëîþ:
äå: ÌÒ - ìàñà ò³ëà, êã; ÇÐ - çð³ñò, ì.
Îö³íêó ñòàíó õàð÷óâàííÿ ïðîâåëè çà âåëè÷èíîþ Â̲, çã³äíî ðåêîìåíäàö³é ÂÎÎÇ [6].
Â̲ íà ïî÷àòêó äîñë³äæåííÿ ñêëàäàâ 30,86 - îæèð³ííÿ ²² ñòóïåíÿ. Ðîçðàõóíîê ïðîâåëè ïîâòîðíî ÷åðåç 24 äîáè. Â̲ ñêëàäàâ 27,5 - îæèð³ííÿ ² ñòóïåíÿ.
ã³ã³ºí³÷íèé íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíå õàð÷óâàííÿ ñòóäåíò
Òàáëèöÿ 1. Õàð÷îâ³ ðàö³îíè, ùî âèêîðèñòîâóâàëèñü ï³ä ÷àñ äîñë³äæåííÿ
|
×àñ ïðèéîìó ¿æ³ |
7:00 |
7:30 |
10:00 |
13:00 |
16:00 |
19:00 |
|
|
Ðàö³îí ¹1 |
Âîäà ç àëîå 500 ìë Øèçàíäðà* (1ã) |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë ×àé òðàâÿíèé 300 ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Òîìàòíèé ñóï 300 ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâà ñóì³ø 15 ã |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë ×àé òðàâ'ÿíèé 300ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâà ñóì³ø 15 ã |
|
|
Ðàö³îí ¹2 |
Âîäà ç àëîå 500 ìë Øèçàíäðà* (1ã) |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë ×àé òðàâ'ÿíèé 300ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Òîìàòíèé ñóï 300 ìë |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
|
|
Ðàö³îí ¹3 |
Âîäà ç àëîå 500 ìë Øèçàíäðà* (1ã) |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë ×àé òðàâ'ÿíèé 300ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
|
|
Ðàö³îí ¹4 |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë Øèçàíäðà* (1ã) |
Âîäà ç àëîå 300 ìë ×àé òðàâ'ÿíèé 300ìë Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé áàòîí÷èê 56 ã |
Ïðîòå¿íîâèé êîêòåéëü 300 ìë |
Ïðèì³òêà: * - á³îëîã³÷íî àêòèâíà äîáàâêà íà îñíîâ³ ëèìîííèêà êèòàéñüêîãî.
Òàáëèöÿ 2 Íóòð³ºíòíèé ñêëàä òà åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü õàð÷îâèõ ðàö³îí³â
|
Ïîêàçíèê, îäèíèö³ âèì³ðþâàííÿ |
Õàð÷îâèé ðàö³îí |
Äîáîâà ïîòðåáà |
||||
|
¹1 |
¹2 |
¹3 |
¹4 |
|||
|
Á³ëêè,ã |
116,1 |
89,6 |
97,6 |
82,6 |
94,4 |
|
|
Æèðè,ã |
18,9 |
16,4 |
17,8 |
15,8 |
94,6 |
|
|
Âóãëåâîäè, ã |
108,9 |
104,7 |
96,7 |
84,7 |
549,4 |
|
|
Ìè, ìã |
436,8 |
436,8 |
600,3 |
436,8 |
300 |
|
|
Ñà, ìã |
574 |
574 |
622 |
574 |
1000 |
|
|
Ð, ìã |
1486 |
1486 |
1891 |
1486 |
1200 |
|
|
Ê,ìã |
1347 |
1347 |
2020 |
1347 |
1000 |
|
|
Áå, ìã |
27,7 |
27,7 |
35,4 |
27,7 |
15 |
|
|
Â, ìã |
1,58 |
1,58 |
2,03 |
1,58 |
2,1 |
|
|
Â2 ìã |
1,81 |
1,81 |
2,71 |
1,81 |
2,5 |
|
|
Â6 ìã |
2,54 |
2,54 |
3,14 |
2,54 |
2,5 |
|
|
ÐÐ, ìã |
17,4 |
17,4 |
26,1 |
17,4 |
23,23 |
|
|
Ñ, ìã |
203,6 |
203,6 |
241,1 |
203,6 |
88,0 |
|
|
À, ìã |
3,98 |
3,98 |
5,73 |
3,98 |
1,0 |
|
|
Å, ìã |
39,6 |
39,6 |
46,2 |
39,6 |
15,0 |
|
|
Áåòà-êàðîòèí, ìã |
0,25 |
0,25 |
0,25 |
0,25 |
2 |
|
|
Åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü á³ëê³â, êêàë |
476 |
367 |
400 |
338 |
387 |
|
|
Åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü æèð³â, êêàë |
176 |
152 |
165 |
147 |
880 |
|
|
Åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü âóãëåâîä³â, êêàë |
340 |
304 |
298 |
213 |
2252 |
|
|
Åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü ðàö³îíó, êêàë |
992 |
823 |
863 |
716 |
3520 |
Òàáëèöÿ 3. Äèíàì³êà âòðàòè âàãè â ïåð³îä ç 31.07 ïî 23.08 2018 ðîêó.
|
Äàòà |
Äåíü |
Âòðàòà âàãè, êã |
Êóìóëÿòèâíà âòðàòà âàãè, êã |
|
|
31.07 |
2 |
0,5 |
0,5 |
|
|
01.08 |
3 |
1,3 |
1,8 |
|
|
02.08 |
4 |
1,5 |
3,3 |
|
|
03.08 |
5 |
0,2 |
3,5 |
|
|
04.08 |
6 |
0,8 |
4,3 |
|
|
05.08 |
7 |
0,2 |
4,5 |
|
|
06.08 |
8 |
0,2 |
4,7 |
|
|
07.08 |
9 |
0,4 |
5,1 |
|
|
08.08 |
10 |
0,5 |
5,6 |
|
|
09.08 |
11 |
0,5 |
6,1 |
|
|
10.08 |
12 |
0,9 |
7,0 |
|
|
11.08 |
13 |
0,2 |
7,2 |
|
|
12.08 |
14 |
0 |
7,2 |
|
|
13.08 |
15 |
-0,2 |
7,4 |
|
|
14.08 |
16 |
-0,1 |
7,3 |
|
|
15.08 |
17 |
0,1 |
7,4 |
|
|
16.08 |
18 |
0,2 |
7,6 |
|
|
17.08 |
19 |
0,3 |
7,9 |
|
|
18.08 |
20 |
0,8 |
8,7 |
|
|
19.08 |
21 |
0,6 |
9,3 |
|
|
20.08 |
22 |
0,3 |
9,6 |
|
|
21.08 |
23 |
0,8 |
10,4 |
|
|
22.08 |
24 |
0,5 |
10,9 |
|
|
23.08 |
25 |
1,0 |
11,9 |
Âèÿâëåíî ïîçèòèâíó äèíàì³êó çíèæåííÿ âàãè ñòóäåíòà çà ïåð³îä ç 30.07.2018 ïî 22.08.2018 (òàáë. 3).
Çà ïåð³îä äîñë³äæåííÿ âàãà ñòóäåíòà çìåíøèëàñü íà 11,9 êã.
Ìè ñïîñòåð³ãàëè çà äèíàì³êîþ âì³ñòó çàãàëüíîãî òà â³ñöåðàëüíîãî æèðó òà âèì³ðþâàëè îáâîäè ò³ëà ñòóäåíòà äî ïî÷àòêó òà ï³ñëÿ çàê³í÷åííÿ äîñë³äæåííÿ, 2 ðàçè ï³ä ÷àñ äîñë³äæåííÿ. Ðåçóëüòàòè âèì³ðþâàííÿ ïðåäñòàâëåí³ â òàáëèö³ 4.
Âèçíà÷åíî, ùî âì³ñò æèðó, â ò.÷. â³ñöåðàëüíîãî, çà ïåð³îä äîñë³äæåííÿ çíèçèâñÿ íà 3,1% òà 3%, â³äïîâ³äíî. Îáâ³ä ãðóäíî¿ êë³òêè çìåíøèâñÿ íà 7 ñì, òà볿 - íà 13 ñì, æèâîòà - íà - íà 8 ñì, îáâ³ä ñòåãîí çìåíøèâñÿ íà 9,5 ñì.
Ïîêàçíèêè á³îõ³ì³÷íîãî àíàë³çó êðîâ³ çà ââåñü ïåð³îä äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðàêòè÷íî íå çì³íèëèñÿ.
Âðàõîâóþ÷è, ùî ïîñò³éíå çíèæåíå íàäõîäæåííÿ âóãëåâîä³â äî îðãàí³çìó ìîæå íåãàòèâíî âïëèâàòè íà ïðàöåçäàòí³ñòü ïðàö³âíèê³â ðîçóìîâî¿ ïðàö³, ÷åðåç 25 ä³á ìè çàê³í÷èëè íàøå äîñë³äæåííÿ [7].
Âèñíîâêè
1. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî äîñë³äæóâàí³ õàð÷îâ³ ðàö³îíè ì³ñòÿòü çìåíøåíó ê³ëüê³ñòü æèð³â ³ âóãëåâîä³â, çá³ëüøåíó ê³ëüê³ñòü ìàãí³þ, ôîñôîðó, êàë³þ òà çàë³çà, çìåíøåíó ê³ëüê³ñòü êàëüö³þ, ï³äâèùåíó ê³ëüê³ñòü â³òàì³í³â. Åíåðãåòè÷íà ö³íí³ñòü ðàö³îí³â íèæ÷å äîáîâèõ åíåðãî- âèòðàò ìàéæå â 5 ðàç³â.
2. Âèÿâëåíî ïîçèòèâíó äèíàì³êó çíèæåííÿ âàãè ñòóäåíòà çà ïåð³îä ç 30.07.2018 ð. ïî 22.08.2018 ð.
3. Âèçíà÷åíî, ùî âì³ñò æèðîâî¿ òêàíèíè, â òîìó ÷èñë³ â³ñöåðàëüíî¿, çà ïåð³îä äîñë³äæåííÿ çíèçèâñÿ. Îáâîäè ãðóäíî¿ êë³òèíè, òà볿, æèâîòà òà ñòåãîí çìåíøèëèñü.
4. Çà ïåð³îä äîñë³äæåííÿ á³îõ³ì³÷í³ ïîêàçíèêè (ãåìàòîëîã³÷í³) ïðàêòè÷íî íå çì³íèëèñÿ.
Äîâåäåíî, ùî òèì÷àñîâå íèçüêî âóãëåâîäíå õàð÷óâàííÿ ïîçèòèâíî âïëèâຠíà õàð÷îâèé ñòàòóñ ëþäèíè ç³ çá³ëüøåíîþ âàãîþ.
Òàáëèöÿ 4 Äîñë³äæåííÿ ñîìàòîìåòðè÷íèõ äïîêàçíèê³â
|
Äàòà |
Çàãàëüíèé |
³ñöåðàëüíèé |
Ì'ÿçîâà ìàñà, |
ÎÃÊ, |
Îáâ³ä òà볿, |
Îáâ³ä æèâîòà, |
Îáâ³ä ñòåãîí, |
|
|
æèð, % |
æèð,% |
ÊÃ |
ÑÌ |
ÑÌ |
ÑÌ |
ñì |
||
|
30.07 |
29,9 |
9,0 |
66,7 |
110 |
107 |
106 |
113 |
|
|
09.08 |
29,0 |
8,0 |
62,8 |
105 |
95 |
101 |
107,5 |
|
|
13.08 |
27,6 |
7,5 |
64,9 |
105 |
95 |
100 |
107,5 |
|
|
23.08 |
26,8 |
6,0 |
64,0 |
103 |
94 |
98 |
103,5 |
Òàáëèöÿ 5. Çàãàëüíèé àíàë³ç âåíîçíî¿ êðîâ³ äî òà ï³ñëÿ 25-äåííîãî íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ
|
Ïîêàçíèê |
30.07 |
27.08 |
Ðåôåðåíòí³ çíà÷åííÿ |
|
|
Ëåéêîöèòè, Ã/ë |
5,46 |
5,76 |
3,9-10,2 |
|
|
Åðèòðîöèòè, Ò/ë |
5,19 |
5,16 |
4,30-5,75 |
|
|
Ãåìîãëîá³í, ã/ë |
155 |
149 |
135-172 |
|
|
Ãåìàòîêðèò, % |
43,4 |
41,8 |
39,5-50,5 % |
|
|
Òðîìáîöèòè, Ã/ë |
255 |
210 |
166-389 |
|
|
Òðîìáîêðèò, % |
0,22 |
0,21 |
0,14-0,28 % |
|
|
Ñåðåäí³é îá'ºì åðèòðîöèò³â, Ø |
83,6 |
81,0 |
80,0-99,0 |
|
|
Ñåðåäí³é âì³ñò ãåìîãëîá³íó â îäíîìó åðèòðîöèò³, ïã |
29,8 |
28,9 |
27,0-33,5 |
|
|
Ñåðåäíÿ êîíöåíòðàö³ÿ ãåìîãëîá³íó â åðèòðîöèòàõ, ã/ë |
356 |
357 |
315-360 |
|
|
Øèðèíà ðîçïîä³ëó åðèòðîöèò³â çà îá'ºìîì, % |
13,3 |
13,9 |
11,5-14,7 |
|
|
Ñåðåäí³é îá'ºì òðîìáîöèò³â, Ø |
8,6 |
9,8 |
5,9-9,90 |
|
|
Øèðèíà ðîçïîä³ëó òðîìáîöèò³â çà îá'ºìîì, % |
50,2 |
56,2 |
39,3-64,7 |
|
|
Çàãàëüí³ íåéòðîô³ëè, % |
47 |
54 |
50-70 % |
|
|
Çàãàëüí³ íåéòðîô³ëè, Ã/ë |
2,57 |
3,10 |
2,0-7,0 |
|
|
Ñåãìåíòîÿäåðí³ ãðàíóëîöèòè, % |
45,5 |
51,3 |
40-70 % |
|
|
Ñåãìåíòîÿäåðí³ ãðàíóëîöèòè, Ã/ë |
2,48 |
2,95 |
1,7-7,2 |
|
|
Ïàëè÷êîÿäåðí³ ãðàíóëîöèòè, % |
1,6 |
2,5 |
0,1-0,6 |
|
|
Ïàëè÷êîÿäåðí³ ãðàíóëîöèòè, Ã/ë |
0,09* |
0,14 |
0,1-0,6 |
|
|
˳ìôîöèòè, % |
42,5 |
36,3 |
20,0-44,0 % |
|
|
˳ìôîöèòè, Ã/ë |
2,32 |
2,09 |
²Ä-4,5 |
|
|
Ìîíîöèòè, % |
6,1 |
6,2 |
2,0-9,5 % |
|
|
Ìîíîöèòè, Ã/ë |
0,33 |
0,36 |
0,10-0,90 |
|
|
Åîçèíîô³ëè, % |
3,9 |
3,1 |
0,5-5,5 % |
|
|
Åîçèíîô³ëè, Ã/ë |
0,21 |
0,18 |
0,02-0,5 |
|
|
Áàçîô³ëè, % |
0,4 |
0,7 |
0,00-1,75 % |
|
|
Áàçîô³ëè, Ã/ë |
0,02 |
0,04 |
0,00-0,20 |
|
|
Ìåòà쳺ëîöèòè, % |
0 |
0 |
0-0 |
|
|
Ìåòà쳺ëîöèòè, Ã/ë |
0 |
0 |
0-0 |
|
|
̳ºëîöèòè, % |
0 |
0 |
0-0 |
|
|
̳ºëîöèòè, Ã/ë |
0 |
0 |
0-0 |
|
|
³ðîöèòè, % |
0 |
0 |
0-0 |
|
|
³ðîöèòè, Ã/ë |
0 |
0 |
0-0 |
|
|
Øâèäê³ñòü îñ³äàííÿ åðèòðîöèò³â çà ìåòîäîì \\'ãå8³åãÿãåï, ìì/ãîä |
3 |
2 |
<10 |
Ïðîâåäåíå äîñë³äæåííÿ äîçâîëèëî äîâåñòè ìîæëèâ³ñòü çàñòîñóâàííÿ íèçüêîâóãëåâîäíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ äëÿ çíèæåííÿ âàãè. Ïðè êîðîòêî÷àñíîìó çàñòîñóâàíí³ íå áóëî â³äì³÷åíî íåãàòèâíîãî âïëèâó òàêèõ ðàö³îí³â íà ñòàí çäîðîâ'ÿ ëþäèíè.
Ñïèñîê ë³òåðàòóðè
1. Ðîäèîíîâà, Ò. È. Îæèðåíèå -- ãëîáàëüíàÿ ïðîáëåìà ñîâðåìåííîãî îáùåñòâà / Ò. È. Ðîäèîíîâà, À. È. Òåïàåâà // Ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå èññëåäîâàíèÿ. -- 2012. -- ¹ 12 (÷àñòü 1). -- Ñ. 132--136.
2. Obesity and overweight [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ] // WHO -- fact sheet. -- 16. -- Ðåæèì äîñòóïó äî ðåñóðñó: https://www.who.int/en/news- room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight. (äàòà çâåðíåííÿ: 11012.2213).
3. Ìêðòóìÿí À. Ì. Àêòóàëüíûå ïðîáëåìû êîíñåðâàòèâíîãî ëå÷åíèÿ îæèðåíèÿ //ÌÑ. 2010. ¹7-). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ aktualnye-problemy-konservativnogo-lecheniya-ozhireniya (äàòà çâåðíåííÿ: 10.12.2018).
4. Kelly L. More young people are overweight, but fewer are trying to lose weight, study finds [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ] / Laura Kelly // THE WASHINGTON TIMES. HEALTH NEWS -- Ðåæèì äîñòóïó äî ðåñóðñó: https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/jun/25/more-young-people- are-overweight-fewer-are-trying-/. (äàòà çâåðíåííÿ: 10.11.2018).
5. Manninen A. H. (2004). Metabolic effects of the very-low- carbohydrate diets: misunderstood "villains ” of human metabolism. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 1(2), 7-11. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-1-2-7.
6. Body mass index -- BMI [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ] // The WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe). -- 2018. -- Ðåæèì äîñòóïó äî ðåñóðñó: http://www. euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/ nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index- bm i. (äàò à çâåðíåííÿ: 26.11.2018).
7. D Anci, K. E., Watts, K. L., Kanarek, R. B., & Taylor, H. A. (2009). Low-carbohydrate weight-loss diets. Effects on cognition and mood. Appetite, 52(1), 96--103. http://doi.org/10.1016/jMppet.2008.08.009
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Ïîäîáíûå äîêóìåíòû
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ðåôåðàò [27,7 K], äîáàâëåí 20.04.2010Ðàö³îíàëüíå õàð÷óâàííÿ ä³òåé ðàííüîãî â³êó. Ìàêñèìàëüíèé çàõèñò òðàâíî¿ ñèñòåìè ä³òåé ðàííüîãî â³êó. Îðãàí³çàöûÿ ðàö³îíàëüíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ ä³òåé äîøê³ëüíîãî â³êó. ˳êóâàëüíî-ïðîô³ëàêòè÷íå õàð÷óâàííÿ ³ éîãî îñîáëèâîñò³. Õàð÷óâàííÿ ëþäåé ðîçóìîâî¿ ïðàö³.
ðåôåðàò [32,4 K], äîáàâëåí 13.12.2010Àíòè÷íà òåîð³ÿ õàð÷óâàííÿ. Òåîð³ÿ çáàëàíñîâàíîãî òà àäåêâàòíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ. Âåãåòàð³àíñòâî, ë³êóâàëüíå ãîëîäóâàííÿ, ðîçä³ëüíå õàð÷óâàííÿ. Êîíöåïö³ÿ ³íäåêñ³â õàð÷îâî¿ ö³ííîñò³ òà "æèâî¿" åíåð㳿. Îñîáëèâîñò³ íàö³îíàëüíèõ êóõîíü. ²ñòîð³ÿ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ êóõí³.
äèïëîìíàÿ ðàáîòà [2,6 M], äîáàâëåí 28.11.2010Ô³ç³îëîã³÷íî-ã³ã³ºí³÷í³ âèìîãè äî îðãàí³çàö³¿ ðàö³îíàëüíîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ ëþäèíè. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà àñîðòèìåíòó ñòðàâ ³ íàïî¿â, ¿õíÿ ï³äãîòîâêà äî ðåàë³çàö³¿ íà "øâåäñüê³é ë³í³¿". Ïîíÿòòÿ òà ìåòà ë³êóâàëüíî-ïðîô³ëàêòè÷íîãî õàð÷óâàííÿ. Éîãî âèäè òà ïðèíöèïè.
êîíòðîëüíàÿ ðàáîòà [39,8 K], äîáàâëåí 03.12.2012Âèâ÷åííÿ ïðîáëåìè õàð÷óâàííÿ ÿê åëåìåíòó íàö³îíàëüíî¿ áåçïåêè. Îñíîâí³ òåçè åêîòðîôîëî㳿 - íîâî¿ ñèñòåìè çíàíü ïðî ¿æó. Äîñë³äæåííÿ ñòðóêòóðè õàð÷óâàííÿ òà äîòðèìàííÿ ïðàâèë ðàö³îíàëüíîãî ïðèéîìó ¿æ³ øêîëÿðàìè ð³çíèõ â³êîâèõ êàòåãîð³é ì. Á³ëà Öåðêâà.
äèïëîìíàÿ ðàáîòà [173,3 K], äîáàâëåí 05.11.2010
