A study on an establishment of the sense of place in association with an evocation of the memory of a submerged town (focused on a proposal of memorial programs against the New-Danyang migration plan)
An architectural proposal for a new cultural space that can recreate a place through the memories of Danyang-yup, the location of Danyang-gun, Chuncheonbuk-do. Creating an architectural strategy that integrates planning, development, historical context.
| Рубрика | Строительство и архитектура |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 15.04.2024 |
| Размер файла | 2,8 M |
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INHA university
A study on an establishment of the sense of place in association with an evocation of the memory of a submerged town (focused on a proposal of memorial programs against the New-Danyang migration plan)
Dabin Kim,
graduate student, department of architecture
Young-min Koo,
professor, division of architecture
Incheon
Abstract
This study is an architectural proposal for a new normal cultural space that can derive the locality through memories of Danyang-eup, the location of Danyang-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, which was submerged due to the construction of Lake Chungju in 1985. In the study, a new city was created by creating a memorial program that can be a place of education about critical local history in Danseong-myeon, where the past and the present are cut off by the New Danyang Migration Plan, where 1,688 structures and 1,231 annexed buildings were demolished and 2,684 households migrated. It intends to present an architectural strategy that connects planning, development, and historical context.
Keywords: submerged, migration, new town, memorial, museum.
Абстракт
Исследование по созданию ощущения места в сочетании с пробуждением памяти о затопленном городе (ориентировано на предложении мемориальных программ против плана миграции Нью-Даньян)
Дабин Ким,
магистрант кафедры архитектуры, Университет ИНХА, г. Инчхон, Республика Корея
Ёнмин Ку,
профессор кафедры архитектуры, Университет ИНХА, г. Инчхон, Республика Корея
Этоисследованиепредставляетсобойархитектурноепредложение для нового культурного пространства, котороеможетвоссоздатьместоблагодарявоспоминаниям о Даньян-юпе, местерасположенияДаньян-гун, Чунчхонбук-до, котороебыло затоплено из-за строительства озера Чунджу в 1985 году. В исследованиибылсозданновый город путемсозданиямемориальнойпрограммы, котораяможет стать местом, гдерассказывают о переломном моменте в истории в Дансон-Мене. Гдепрошлое и настоящееразделеныНовым планом миграцииДаньянга, в связи с чембылоснесено 1688 строений и 1231 пристроек, а 2684 домашниххозяйствамигрировали. Данный проект представляетархитектурнуюстратегию, котораяобъединяетпланирование, развитие и исторический контекст.
Ключевые слова: затопленный, миграция, новый город, мемориал, музей.
Main part
Background and Purpose. Danyang-eup(town), Danyang-gun(county), Chungcheongbuk-do(province), has functioned as the seat of a county office for a long time to the point where it has that nickname, «The Millennium-capital.» Yi Hwang, outstanding Confucian scholars in Joseon dynasty, was assigned to be the governor of Danyang, and taught the people at local Confucian school. It is evidenced by letters engraved in the Rock 'Takodae' and 'Bokdobyeoleup' near Danyang-cheon Stream. When the construction of Chungju Dam, as a project to develop the four major river basins of the comprehensive national land use development plan promoted in the 1970s, was confirmed in 1979, the district office complex with other government offices, and 2,684 households were moved to Dojeon-ri, Maepo-eup, 7km away. In 1985 when the New Danyang migration plan was executed, the old Danyang-eup was renamed by Danseong - myeon at the current location. Going through such changes, Danseong-myeon and the community are currently declined by a population decrease, a limited development of the submerged residual land, disconnection from the town, etc. The study raises a problem that there is, despite such a convulsion of the nature, only a Memorial Hall for submersion and migration, which supposed to bring back memories of an area under water in Danseong-myeon. Even though Danyang-eup has promoted the tourism industry by using the scenery of the Lake Chungju, it is nothing more than a way of showing the present while overlooking the historical flow from the old town under water. What this study attempts to is, without a program to view and remember Danyang-eup as «a planned disaster», to commemorate the time of submersion through memories of Danyang-eup which had been the seat of a county office and to propose a new cultural space for the New Normal Era by creating a monumental program that can Introduce the peculiar sense of place for the «sunken land». The purpose of this study is, therefore, to evoke memories of the old Danyang-eup and to create a spatio-temporal link with New Danyang-eup.
As mentioned, it is the Submerged Relocation Memorial Hall that was built to evoke and commemorate the submerged area but that is not functioning properly due to negligence in management, restricted admission, and poor contents. The study therefore aims at proposing a memorial program as a piece of memory floating on the Danyangcheon Stream, illuminating locality and history from a critical perspective, and proposing a design that cultivates the future based on the historical context.
Table 1. Summary of Generalplan
|
Name |
The Garden of Absence |
|
|
Location |
Danyangcheon, Danseong-myeon, Danyang-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do |
|
|
Land Area |
12,787m |
|
|
Building Area |
4,900m2 |
|
|
Purpose |
Memorial museum |
Summary of General plan
Figure 1. The Site (2019)
Site analysis. Old Danyang-eup, along with Danyang-County Hall and other government offices, was a small town where markets and theaters, schools and houses were harmoniously clustered. There were two marketplaces crowded with people and a theater acting not only as the center of cultural life but also as a wedding hall for residents. Danyang Elementary School, at the time, had more than 1,500 students attending and playground equipped with the latest stair-type stands. When it was moved to New Danyang, however, Danseong-myeon has collapsed and the total number of students attending in the Elementary School is only about 30 students. The marketplace and theater were demolished to be submerged in the water, and the population was reduced to less than 1,800. Even though Danseong-myeon has made a great effort on attracting new towns in rural areas and create mural villages, the result was insignificant. Entering the Memorial Hall of Submerged-Migration where photographs of old Danyangare displayed, for example, visitors are required to get permission from the village office. The clock of Danseong-myeon has stopped since migration and submersion.
An Introduction of Design Concept. Associating a program for commemorating the chrono-memory of the submerged city with the topo-images of the sunken town, the design introduces an idea of `Memory Island' that floats on the lake. Analogizing the tip of the iceberg which is a metaphor of the state of unconsciousness to a chrono-topo memory, the study attempts to have visitors imagine the reminiscence of old Danyang-eup in the process of their consciousness' moving from remnants of Danyang-eup, to provide them with a deviation from everyday life, and to integrate these experiences with program.
Figure 2. The Site (1970)
Figure 3. The Concept Sketch
Design Strategy. The design departs from picturing the image of town once crowded with people, forgotten and disappeared under the water at some point. The concept is developed to design strategy as follows:
1) «city where time has stopped»: image of an arbitrary and anonymous debris from anywhere is to be shaped into a land and a space
2) «submerged city»: Inspired by Noah's ark, space program is constituted with the theater and exhibition hall functioned as a cultural and event space in old Danyang-eup, which was crowded with residents.
3) Village roads: The map-images of the old Danyang-eup and the current Danyang-eupare abstracted to form internal and external movements.
4) Deck_Platform: a multi-story deck is planned in the floating ark, which allows visitors to enter the ark through lower deck from the earth.
Figure 1. Design Process
Program. A Memorial Hall is not a mere place where old photos and objects are to be displayed, but a mediator that evokes memory by itself. Namely, it is a place where visitors spontaneously imagine `submerged town' and create, through their experience of the space, an imageable site that is connected with the present Danyang. And its space program is also to be well organized and connected without being blocked.
Figure 2. Interior Design
Site plan and Floor plan. Entering from the base deck, watch the cylindershaped small exhibition hall to get into exhibition hall in the sphere. The movement guides them to the concert hall at the upper floor through the inner ramp and the tunnel. The flow of movement then smoothly leads visitors to either the rest zone at the first floor or the bridge connecting to the rooftop through the ramp.
Figure 3. Site plan
Figure 4. a - section; b - floating
Section plan. The interior floors are sloped between 3 or 8 degrees in general. The bottom level of the auditorium is, for example, planned to meet the lower slope to be a main entrance to the theater. The floating structure is designed to maintain the position and react with the change of water level through the anchor block, mooring chain, and winch wire.
Figure 9. image
Figure 10. a - exterior; b - interior
Figure 11. Model
architectural cultural planning
Model
Conclusion. Raising the issue of Danseong-myeon that has been left as the remaining zone since the Migration and Submersion executed by construction of the Dam Chungju, and that has fallen behind in timestream to be on the decline and buried in oblivion, this study explored the strategy and tactics how to introduce a clue for making a link of historical connection, by which the old Danyang-town and New town, old and new generations, are met on the very spot of submersion. Throughout the Design experiment, we recognized that Danyang-gun's plan to construct a simple Memorial Hall for developing a tourist city, is not only a superficial policy that ignores the past but also a dangerous idea that makes the present Danyang understood to be the entire history. The design study also showed the fact that the present Danyang-eup acts as «the Giver» telling that the presence is not able to function without the memory of the past disappeared since 1985, and that the man-made lake, by its role as a mediator commemorating the «convulsion of the nature», is to be the very site for the Memorial Hall in order to succeed the locality and history and to take an aspect of authentic tourist town. Throughout the study, we confirmed that it is what we do at first that prevents the disappearance of old Danyang-eup from being recorded as «convulsion of the nature» in the history of Danyang-gun, and instead that maintains the permanence and persistence of the town context as collective memory based on the sense of history.
References
1. Danyang-gun. Moved to New-Danyang // Danyang-gun. URL: https://www.danyang.go.kr/dy21/759 (date of request: 17.01.2022).
2. Joongbu news. 96% of submerged people migrated… The old-Danyang clock that stopped // Joongbu news. URL: http://www.jbnews.com/news/articleView.html? idxno=659533 (date of request: 17.01.2022)
3. Italo Calvino. Invisible Cities. Vintage Classics. 1997
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