Research on urban residual space design

Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/

Research on urban residual space design

Qiu Ju, Wang Yanchao

Abstract

Urban planning and design plays an important role in the city, its planning forms and functions directly affect the residents' physical and mental health and live in harmony. There are a large number of “leftover spaces” within the city--often referring to urban spaces that Eire not fully utilized, or that cannot function negatively. The remaining space is scattered in the urban space, and a large number, but also to the city landscape has a negative impact. The existence of this surplus space and the scale of the expansion of the city there is a contradiction. This paper analyzes the present situation and existing problems of the urban residual space environment in the current urban design, and puts forward a rational and favorable train of thought for the construction and construction of a good public space environment.

Keywords: Urban design; urban remaining space

Аннотация

Исследование дизайна городского остаточного пространства

Цю Цзюй, Ван Яньчао

Городское планирование и дизайн играют важную роль в городе, их формы и функции непосредственно влияют на физическое и психическое здоровье граждан, а также на возможность жить в гармонии. Есть большое количество «оставшегося пространства» в пределах города, которое не может выполнять определенную функцию. Оставшееся пространство рассеивается в городском, а также большое количество городского ландшафта оказывает негативное влияние на людей. Существование этого избыточного пространства в масштабах расширения города противоречиво. В данной статье анализируется нынешнее состояние и существующие проблемы остаточной среды в городском дизайне, а также в статье выдвигается рациональный и благоприятный исход для строительства городов с хорошо распланированным остаточным пространством.

Ключевые слова: городской дизайн, городское остаточное пространство.

With the rapid development of urban modernization in China, many problems of urban spatial form have been derived from urban development. With managers, planners, users of the constant replacement, inevitably there will be some negative space. These spaces are not included in any space, independent existence, in time and space have their own independent characteristics. Their existence is not a continuous existence, but a certain period of time, an era of this space belongs to the residual space, with the negative attributes of the existence of negative space. Residual space--a negative space that has not been fully utilized or has not played its role. It can also be understood as the unequal supply and demand. The residual space in the process of urban development is also constantly spread. This paper tries to make a general analysis and research design of the urban residual space.

1. Types of residual space. For many reasons a series of residual space are produced. These spaces have brought about many negative and negative effects on our life. So integrate these potential problem spaces, improve the whole city appearance. The reasons for the formation of a variety of forms, different people in different periods of use, different locations will produce different influence space. Some space in the use of high efficiency in individual locations, in different places have a negative effect. The following is a general classification of the urban residual space:

1) Narrow irregular blocks between buildings

Now many architects, urban planners, Landscape planners in the pursuit of unique and novel, personal independence of conduct, often neglected buildings, landscape and city should be integrated into daily life, rather than independent existence. Between building and building, building and road, road and planning, neglect the base environment and the integration of natural space, lead to disqualification of space, formed irregular plots. The irregular plot size varies, due to the shape, height, shelter, conditional restriction and other reasons, there is no reasonable use has been set aside or even abandoned.

2) Abandoned, idle land

Some land use in the neglect of environmental protection, destruction of land inherent attributes cannot be planted and re-use. Another part of the land was severely polluted and destroyed by industrial production, can no longer continue to use. This produces second kinds of residual space. For example, people cannot continue to use discarded contaminated land.

3) Terrain constraints

In the process of continuous construction of the city, developers will choose superior terrain, perfect conditions for the development of land, in the construction process will produce restricted plots. Terrain limitations are related to many aspects. For example: steep slope, wetlands, rivers, mountains, etc., for normal use has certain limitations

4) Division by urban facilities

As society continues to progress, urban facilities are gradually push new. There are many new facilities more beautify, perfect, reasonable and convenient to replace the original some urban facilities. But the original urban planning did not take into account the subsequent changes in the trend, resulting in urban facilities fragmented the original space, so that the original cohesion of the city space was divided by residual space. For example: Such as Python like hovering in the residual space under the viaducts, the fast road edge of a car roaring past etc., these residual spaces have negative effects on urban space.

5) Based on the original facilities, functions, uses change

Many industries and services continue to innovate, constantly saving money, effort and time for people. Such as the emergence of rail transport, weaving machine in textile industry, from dense low layer to vertical city, electronic communication technology, automotive machinery and other heavy industries. The original purpose of the change produced some no one shows any interest in the old factories, even lead to shortterm or long-term idle and abandoned space thus forming the city residual space.

6) Space usage is not enough

There is a space we need to pay attention to in actual use, a construction planning area has been occupied, the volume rate is also high, but due to many reasons in this area have not been fully utilized, this type of space is the lack of space use. For example: the new residential and residential between the chaotic gap and so on.

2. Related concepts

1) The concept of residual

“Residual” is generally interpreted as something that has not been used or is not consumed, or a part or quantity that has not been used,Is an objective abstract description of the state of material existence[l, p. 216] .In the process of language meaning conversion, combined with the content to be discussed in this paper, with the combination of “residual” meaning, the author emphasizes the objective attribute of “existence” and combines the subjective intention of action subject. Its meaning is mainly reflected in the following aspects first, the emphasis on objectivity description, namely existence, omission of redundant, second, because of subjective factors, in a specific context is a kind of abandoned, abandoned, secondary features third, is extended to “underutilized” implies a potential the object may use value was discovered. In this way, “surplus” as an objective existence, but also has its tendency to think subjective trend.

2) Concept of space

Space creates environments, environments organize our lives, behaviors and relationships. Space in our daily lives, its status than pure technology, aesthetics and even semiotics described more important. The influence of space on the relationship and interaction between people is very large, and the space communication is also the most basic and universal form. Through the interaction between the environment and the environment, the "image" is through a kind of "spatial schema", in a more abundant way to perceive the world around. Space as carrier affects our life, behavior and group consciousness. We talk to each other, the exchange of space is a part of the exchange when talking with friends, you or other casual or habitual close, for the expression of comfort or encourage the use of body language touch, usually appears than unilateral vocal communication feels more profound.

3) Residual space concept

First, the city “residual space” belongs to the category of urban space, but “residual space” is not covered in any kind of urban space classification. It is divided according to the function of entertainment space, shopping space, administrative space, living space, or according to the properties of space into the public space, semi-public space, street or square, “leftover space may be attributable to any of them, or any type of city space may contain or generate the leftover space”. In other words, the “residual space” is a way of existence of urban space, rather than the spatial classification can be classified and defined.

Secondly, the urban “residual space” belongs to the rest of the urban space on the one hand, and the abandoned part shows the secondary characteristics in urban space. Both abandoned and left, it must be related to the main body of the action--people. The nature of “residual space” is the service object of urban space, which is abandoned by the users of urban space. On the one hand, the “leftover space” was originally not the existence of the initial form of leftover space, only the process of city space in the time evolution of the reasons existed in the transformation of the users in order to “leftover space”. Moreover, the “residual space” itself has the possibility of existence in other ways, but only because of human reasons to retain the space of “residual” way exists. However, the ultimate deprivation of interests is still the main user of urban space, which also means that such space for them is still “forgotten”. “Forgotten” not only said forget, forget, but because of the “leftover” characteristics make the space feel and experience have no subjective sense of stimulation and reminders, to show the habit of this space, accept the default. This means that the “residual space” is part of its normal use space--availability or value--being destroyed or partially lost [2, p. 9].

3. Method of urban residual space design. The design of urban space left over should fully consider the needs of people, social value, humanistic care, the specific significance of the existence of the city's history and space. Only our mastery of all aspects of demand in the designer, in order to increase the feasibility of more in the implementation of city space design, we from the following seven directions of the city I left feasibility of space design.

1) Overall reconstruction and redevelopment

No space left over for a local design and planning, should be a wide range of research, on the surrounding the overall regional integration, transformation and development, cannot be independent of the design, to increase the opportunities for public participation, reasonable arrangement of city environment and facilities building. Provide a place for city environment and decompression and the people, so that people can have at leisure entertainment, a platform for mutual communication and exchange.

2) Maintain simple, convenient and economical

Consideration should be given to the sunshine, wind, rain and other factors when designing the field where the use peak remains the environment makes physiological comfort. At the same time, the city space left over large plots, small plots, plots and other abnormalities ranging from the size of the block. We need to take into account the maintenance of the design problems, the site may not be maintained for a long time, which requires designers to consider the material, climate, economy and a series of problems.

3) Create a sense of place

The city is home to the city in the process of human development, in the development process because of the geographical, cultural, political, economic and other factors has formed its own unique cultural traits, this trait is what we call "city place spirit", because of the local city and their different characteristics, so as to have their own soul. Which can be used by people to convey a clear. We should pay attention to the design creation, emphasizing the spirit of the place out of the city.

4) Building a good lighting environment

Leftover space mostly has the characteristics of waste, negative, dark and so on, we emphasize the value of actually used when they should also pay attention to space needs a good lighting environment, make the city space more attention, emphasize into people's field of vision, not to let the leftover space have a negative effect on people. The entrance should be designed so that potential users for easy access and reasonable lighting to see. Can play a very important role in improving space quality.

5) Artistic treatment of space

The design of space layout should be reasonable, beautiful landscape, make it more attractive. Mainly from the spatial modeling language forms and interface processing ways. According to the texture of the material space and the social culture scale and environmental behavior to design. The art of handling of space, weaken the spare space the characteristics, which has the value of use and has art appreciation. Let the city space has its own unique artistic temperament.

6) Care design for vulnerable groups

City Design in the lack of the care of vulnerable groups, many places have these vulnerable groups are not stop. We should increase our children and people with disabilities and other special groups can also use the space activities to satisfy demand more people.

7) Incorporate some user controllability elements

Urban space design should spare facilities to meet people's requirements. The user can integrate some elements of control or change, such as interactive activities, increase the fountain, fitness and entertainment space, make the space more flexible with vitality. Through some form, whether it is personal attachment, is also group enjoys the care of the space right. So as to bring people a pleasant, comfortable, approachable, sustenance of the soul, meaningful, sustainable development of a space.

Conclusion

The scope of the residual space is extensive and rich, in every comer of the city has its shadow, the use of residual space in urban development, renewal is particularly important. The redevelopment and utilization of residual space is low cost and quick effect, and it is effective to improve the living and urban space quality. The development and utilization of urban residual space is not only significant to urban design level, but also beneficial to social construction. Let us on the urban space left over the idea of more attention, improve the quality of the land, weakening the weakened city space left over, let the city space is no longer “fragment.”

residual space urban design

1. Xiaodong LI, Ye ZHANG. Urban “Leftover Space”; China, World Architecture, 2008. 114p.

2. Shan XING. The urban street heritage in the design of space design research; China, 2010. 9p.

Размещено на Allbest.ru