Architectural and landscape organization of NNGASU territory part

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Small public spaces are the public spaces of local importance, which are divided into several different types: squares, parks, playgrounds, school yards [1].

The park is a planted with the greenery zone within a residential or industrial area. The park is the green zone of the city representing a site of 0,15 -2 hectares [2].

In case when the parks, squares and streets are designed with architectural and decorative purposes only, they occupy small-size sites [5]. Besides, there are some monuments, sculptures and fountains placed on this territory. The purpose for organizing parks can be various. The parks created on the city grounds such as: squares in front of the railway stations, huge public buildings (theatres, museums etc.) are mainly designed for the citizens short-term rest [3]. The parks located on the grounds of local significance are used for a long-term rest and besides serve as a place for strolls and children's games. The purpose of constructing the parks in front of the particular buildings is defined first of all, by the functions of those buildings [4]. park architectural industrial

The aim of the project is to build a courtyard of Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU) for a quiet rest for the students and teachers in their spare time. The project assume the building of a thru road which starts from the main entrance the of given territory and leads to it another entrance.

It suggests the construction of two additional arched roads as well. The project offers 3 functional zones: an entrance zone, walking paths and a zone with benches for the peaceful rest. The entrance zone is presented by a round platform with some bicycle parking spots on both sides (from Ilyinskaya street). The design of the territory is carried out in the bowshaped smooth lines and rounded forms. There are bow-shaped wooden benches at the edges of the territory. In order to keep the area clean the author of the project suggests placing some litter bins next to the benches. The central construction in the middle of the road makes the center of the composition.

The central construction designed in the project is a circular-shaped wooden pavilion with a monument to an «Open Book» in the center. There are a few rounded benches along the perimeter of the pavilion. The pavilion, where the students can spend some time socializing with their friends, relaxing, reading books or preparing for the classes, has two entrances. The pavement of the territory is made of the concrete plates with the natural stone imitation. According to the project there will be some bookstalls in side the pavilion, where students will be able to buy both technical and adventure literature. The lighting of the territory is carried out by the lampposts made of plastic. Some of them are made of metal near the entrance and next to the benches.

Due to the small size of the territory the decoration is made by coniferous shrubs and deciduous bushes. Instead of lawns in some of the shaded places it is offered to use the covering plants. Plants can be placed as a group or separately on the flower beds. As a rule, most of the parks can be different in shape (square, rectangular, circle or triangular). Apart from the parks with simple configuration represented by correct geometrical shapes, there are the ones with more sophisticated configuration. Thus, the plan of the park has been created taking into account transport, functional and architectural solutions.

Bibliography

1. Kazakov L.K. Basics of landscape with landscape planning. - M.: Academy 2008.

2. Sycheva A.V. Architectural and landscape environment (protection issues and forming), Minsk 1982

3. Belkin A.N., urban landscape. Tutorial. M: High School, 1987, 109 p.

4. Zalesskaya L.S., E.M. Mikulin Landscape Architecture: A Textbook for Univerities, 2nd ed., Rev. and dop.-M.: Stroyizdat, 1979.-240 pp., ill.

5. Construction and operation of landscape architecture. Teodoronsky V.S. et al. 2008.

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