The investigation of fire extinguishing ability of the powder materials by extended extinguishing and suppression of explosions of gas-airmixtures

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iron oxide steel

Article

The investigation of fire extinguishing ability of the powder materials by extended extinguishing and suppression of explosions of gas-airmixtures

B. Sapargalieva PhD student, M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University A. Naukenovacandidate of technical science, docent M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University, Javier Rodrigo Illari PhD doctor of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain, Valencia A. Egeubayeva English teacher, deputy director for academic affairs, 69general secondary school T. Aubakirova PhD doctor, docent M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University

Summary

THE INVESTIGATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHING ABILITY OF THE POWDER MATERIALS BY EXTENDED EXTINGUISHING AND SUPPRESSION OF EXPLOSIONS OF GAS-AIRMIXTURES

B. Sapargalieva PhD student, M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University A. Naukenovacandidate of technical science, docent M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University, Javier Rodrigo Illari PhD doctor of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain, Valencia A. Egeubayeva English teacher, deputy director for academic affairs, 69general secondary school T. Aubakirova PhD doctor, docent M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University

Currently, the production of chemical foam fire extinguishers has been canceled, and the main emphasis is on the development of effective powder flame retardant compositions. The standard formulations used are very expensive, so it is promising to study dust-like waste industry due to their low cost, low cost of finalization and the possibility of their utilization.

Explosion suppression efficiency of dust waste was determined as follows: the weight of dust fraction < 0.05 mm was weighed on an electronic balance accurate to the fourth digit, and placed in a spray bottle. Further, in the mixer, in a different ratio, a mixture of propane-butane with air is prepared. Then, through the intermediate cylinder, with the help of an electromagnetic valve, the air pulse shoved the canopy and carried the air-gas mixture into a pre-vacuumed reaction tube. Then, with the help of high-voltage inductor an electric discharge voltage of 1,000 to set to the mixture have been fire.

Key words: flame-extinguishing compounds, effectiveness of explosion, suppression, extinguishing powder, dolomite, ammophos, gas-air mixture, explosion

Аннотация

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ОГНЕТУШАЩЕЙ СПОСОБНОСТИ ПОРОШКОВЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ПРИ ОБЪЕМНОМ ТУШЕНИИ И ПОДАВЛЕНИИ ВЗРЫВОВ ГАЗОВОЗДУШНЫХ СМЕСЕЙ

Сапаргалиева Б. PhD докторант, Южно-Казахстанский Государственный Университет им. М. Ауэзова

Наукенова А. кандидат технических наук, доцент Южно-Казахстанский Государственный Университет им. М. Ауэзова, Хавьер Родриго Иллари PhD доктор политехнического университета Валенсии, Испания, Валенсия Егеубаева А. Учитель английского языка, заместитель директора по учебной работе, 69 общей средней школы

Аубакирова Т. PhD доктор, доцент Южно-Казахстанский Государственный Университет Им. М. Ауэзова

В настоящее время выпуск химически-пенных огнетушителей отменен, и основной упор делается на разработку эффективных порошковых пламеподавляющих составов.

Применяемые стандартные составы очень дороги, поэтому перспективно изучение пылевидных отходов промышленности в связи с их дешевизной, малыми затратами на окончательную доработку и возможностью их утилизации.

Взрывоподавляющуюэффективностьпылевидныхотходовопределялиследующим образом: навеску пыли фракции < 0,05 мм взвешивали на электронных весах с точностью до четвертого знака, и помещали в распылитель. Далее в смесителе, в различном соотношении, готовили смеси пропан - бутана с воздухом.

Затем через промежуточный баллон, с помощью электромагнитного клапана, импульсом воздуха взвихряли навеску и увлекали газопылевоздушную смесь в предварительно вакуумированную реакционную трубку. Потом, с помощью высоковольтного индуктора, электрическим разрядом напряжением в 1000 В поджигали смеси.

Ключевые слова: пламя гасящие составы, взрывоподавляющая эффективность, огнетушащий порошок, доломит, аммофос, газовоздушная смесь, взрываемость

The statement of the problem is concluded in the investigation of fire extinguishing ability of the powder materials by extended extinguishing and suppression of explosions of gas-air mixtures and study of the fire-extinguishing ability of expired standard flame retardant powders.

The analysis of last researches and publications shows that determined rational correlation of components in the many fire-extinguishing mixtures on the base of overdue powder with addition of dolomite and limestone dust on which fire-extinguishing efficiency; experimentally established indexes of the overdue powders, waste of metallurgic production and recommended fire-extinguishing mixtures.

The manuscript is intended for the following unresolved earlier part of general problem: determination explosion ability of fine-dispersion substances as slaked lime, standard fire extinguishing powder containing ammophos, sludge from the chemical unit (filtered) of the cold rolling plant of the steel sheet containing iron oxide, dolomite dust, baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), natural gypsum and the precipitate is neutralized by acidic effluent as well investigation the influence of foresaid substances on explosion of gas-air mixture.

The purpose of manuscript is investigation fireextinguishing ability of powder material at the volumetric extinguishing as well suppression explosions of gas-air mixtures.

The presentation of main material. Powder formulations have well-known disadvantages, the main of which is their tendency to caking and balling. This loses the ability of powders to be transported throughpipelines, and form a fire extinguishing cloud.

Even in the manufacture of powder can absorb up to 5-10% of moisture from the humid air of the shop, if it is not protected from moisture absorption by special additives. When Packed in a fire extinguisher, it is subjected to shaking and vibration during transport or during its service on transport and equipment. Bahamas in such conditions, the powder must retain the fluidity of capacity (a good release). In solving this problem means a lot not only the chemical composition of the powder, ie. special additives to the base material, but also the technology of its manufacture, thermo and vibration resistance of the powder, its anti - traceability and a number of others [1-3].

The explosion spread flame to the top of the reaction vessel, the absence or the burst of flame was observed visually. The results of the research were recorded in the observation log (table 1).

Explosion as the shaded point - o, its absence as a shaded point- In the objects of study were taken the following fine-dispersion substances:

slaked lime;

standard fire extinguishing powder containing ammophos;

sludge from the chemical unit (filtered) of the cold rolling plant of the steel sheet containing iron oxide;

dolomite dust;

baking soda (sodium bicarbonate);

natural gypsum;

the precipitate is neutralized by acidic effluent.

The results of experimental studies on the adopted

methodology are given in table 1.

Table 1 - Results of experimental studies

The results of experimental studies on the accepted method of determining the explosiveefficiency of dust-like substances are shown in figures 1 - 6.

Fig. 1 - The Influence of ammonium phosphate on explosion ability of the gas mixture

Fig. 2 - Impact of dolomite dust figure

Fig. 3 - Effect of slaked lime-gas-air mixture explosion

Fig. 4 - Effect of soda (a) and gypsum (b) on explosiongas-air mixture

Fig. 5 -Effect ofprecipitation of neutralized acidic runoff (a) and iron oxide (b) gas-air mixture explosion

Fig.6 - the Effect of pulverized additives substances onvzryvaetgasmixture: Content of gas-airmixture, % 1-Standard powder P - 2AP, containing ammophos; 2-dolomite; 3 - slakedlime; 4-soda; 5-Gypsum; 6-Precipitation ofneutralizedacidwastestreams; 7-iron Oxideformedduringregenerationofspent theetchingsolution

The results of more than a hundred experiments have shown that the efficiency of a standard powder is much higher than that of the other samples studied [46]. Its extinguishing concentration is-350 g/m3, while dolomite - 1280 g/m3, slaked lime - 1470 g / m3. The rest of the samples in the batches of test substances to 2000 g/m3 failed to create a fire extinguishing concentration of the most volatile compounds of the mixture, but the dynamics of the curves traced the following efficiency range:

Fe203<CaS04 2H2O<Ca(OH)2<(Ca,Mg)C03<NH4H2P04+( NH4)2HP04

It follows from the obtained data that dolomite and lime with an explosive capacity of 1.28 and 1.47 kg/m3, respectively, can become acceptable for the development of explosive compositions [7-10]. Experimental data are correlated with the calculated data where dolomite with AH298 about 140 kJ/mol, more efficient limeAH298 equal to 108 kJ/mol. However, their effectiveness is 3.7-4.2 times lower than that of ammophos.

To improve their explosive power, it was decided to mix them with expired standard powders.

The conclusions of investigation and perspectives of further development:

There is experimentally established fire-extinguishing ability rising on the link:

Fe203<CaS042H2O<Ca(OH)2<(Ca,Mg)C03<NH4H2P04+( NH4)2HP04

Theoretically determined meanings of endothermic effects for decomposing reactions of powders on the base components of fire-extinguishing powders with relative fire-extinguishing ability on established order are correlated.

References

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