Adaptations of Juniperus rufescence link. leaf’s in South Caucasus mountains (Azerbaijan)

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Adaptations of Juniperus rufescence link. leafs in South Caucasus mountains (Azerbaijan)

Rzayeva A.

Abstract

Keywords: Juniperus rufescens, adaptation, acclimatization, Azerbaijan.

Аннотация

Рзаева А.А. Адаптации листьев Juniperus rufescens link. в горах Южного Кавказа (Азербайджан)

В ходе научных исследований в июле-августе 2019 года между 40°53' с. ш. и 49°25' в. д. в Хизинском районе (Азербайджан) были изучены адаптации строения листьев можжевельника. В качестве объекта исследований был выбран можжевельник красный. Листья можжевельника красного имеют ланцетный вид и легко изменяются при различных условиях окружающей среды. Измеряли длину листьев, взятых с разных ярусов. Выявлено, что существует обратная корреляция между длиной листа и высотой над уровнем моря.

Ключевые слова: Juniperus rufescens, адаптация, акклиматизация, Азербайджан.

Nowadays in case of environmental tensions on our planet, interest in studying the importance of plants has increased. Plants that are less sensitive to environmental pollutions have always been the focus of the attention of researchers. In this regard, the protection of plant resources in Azerbaijan is of great importance for endangered coniferous forests.

Juniperus L. forests are found in lowland slopes, humid and fertile soils, as well as in rocky, dry, and rocky areas in our republic. The most extensive areas of natural Juniper forests in the vegetation cover map of Azerbaijan are found in the arid and steppe areas at the Durbar mountain.

The object of the research is Juniperus rufescens Link. shrubs, or rarely, trees of up to 3 min height. Some species are found in the mountains at an altitude of 4000 m above sea level. All decorative and wild species in the territory of Azerbaijan are of Mediterranean and European origin and have been successfully represented in mountainous areas due to environmental adaptations [15].

Unlike acclimation, acclimatization only covers the signs of adaptation to climate conditions.. leaf structure red juniper azerbaijan sea level

Acclimation is the similarity of climatic factors that surround vegetation in artificial conditions to the same factors in natural habitat. Since the environmental conditions of the successive natural diversity centre are quite similar to our Republic, there is no need for subsequent acclimatization. This, in turn, is economically viable and allows for the cultivation and protection of this species on large areas with low costs. In 2019, the biological adaptive features of the Juniperus rufescens Link. were studied at the Khizi territory (Azerbaijan).

Figure. Juniperus rufescens Link. leaves (800 m and 900 m above sea level) (difference in length).

As in all coniferous plants, needles are the most susceptible organ to environmental factors and are also affected by these factors. That is why the length of needles of Juniperus rufescens Link. spread in different bioecological conditions were studied and results obtained according to statistical methods. The adaptations occurring in the conifer leaves under the influence of environmental factors can be divided into two groups:

1. Adaptive adaptations.

2. Ontogenetic adaptations.

Adaptive adaptations are adaptations to local conditions in which one individual lives, unlike ontogenetic adaptations. The key role here is the environment. Environmental factors dictate that certain traits change in one way or another, and although these changes are often for the individual's benefit, adaptive adaptations often do not matter for the species as a whole. In other words, adaptive adaptations are gaining adaptive traits in accordance with the environmental conditions in plants.

As leaf's of Juniperus rufescence Link. are needle like and the length can be easily measured, can easily vary in size, the red juniper was taken as a preference for adaptation studies. Results were presented in Table.

Length of Juniperus rufescence leaves from different level above sea and different ridges

As can be seen from the Table, the length of leaves decreases as the height from sea level increases. It can be explained as adaptation to prevent additional water loose as a result of transpiration.

It was found that the correlation coefficient was - 0.7. From this we can conclude that as the altitude increases above sea level, the leaf length decreases, with the opposite correlation between these two indicators.

References

1. Adams, RP. (2014). Junipers of the world: the genus Juniperus. Trafford Publishing.

2. Gurbanov, E., & Rzaeva, A.A. (2017). Biomorphological Analysis and Identification of Subspecies of Juniperus communis in Azerbaijan. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 7(3), 14-6.

3. Rzaeva, A.A. (2017). Biomorphological analysis of Juniperus species in Azerbaijan. In Symposium on Euro Asian Biodversity (SEAB-2017), Minsk, 634.

4. Miller, R.F. (2005). Biology, ecology, and management of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalism)

5. Bates, J.D., Miller, R.F., & Davies, K.W. (2006). Restoration of quaking aspen woodlands invaded by western juniper. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 59(1), 88-97.

Список литературы

1. Adams R.P. Junipers of the world: the genus Juniperus. Trafford Publishing, 2014.

2. Gurbanov E., Rzaeva A.A. Biomorphological Analysis and Identification of Subspecies of Juniperus communis in Azerbaijan // Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. 2017. V. 7. №3. P. 14-6.

3. Rzaeva A.A. Biomorphological analysis of Juniperus species in Azerbaijan // Symposium on Euro Asian Biodversity (SEAB-2017). Minsk, 2017. P. 634.

4. Miller R.F. Biology, ecology, and management of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalism 2005.

5. Bates J.D., Miller R.F., Davies K.W. Restoration of quaking aspen woodlands invaded by western juniper // Rangeland Ecology & Management. 2006. V. 59. №1. P. 88-97.

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