3. McCarthy M., O'Dell F. English Vocabulary in Use. Upper Intermediate & Advanced. -- Cambridge University Press, 2007. -- 309 p.

4. Redman S. English Vocabulary in Use. Pre-intermediate - Intermediate. - Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997. - 266 p.

5. Murphy R. English grammar in use. A self-study reference and practice book for intermediate students of English. Cambridge University Press. - 350 p.

6. Murphy R. Essential grammar in use. A self-study reference and practice book for elementary students of English. Cambridge University Press. - 300 p.

7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v92p3zSsR08

8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qz2eUa79dAk

9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3GMiFc-gLs&feature=related

Unit 3. Appearance

I. Grammar: Degrees of Comparison;

II. Text:

1) Standards of Female Beauty;

2) Body Language;

III. Speaking Practice: Describing people's appearance;

IV. Writing Practice: Description of a person.

I. Grammar

1) Степени сравнения прилагательных

Прилагательное (adjective) в английском языке имеет три степени сравнения - positive, comparative, superlative - положительная, сравнительная и превосходная.

Степени сравнения (Degrees of Сomparison) - образуются двумя способами.

	positive	comparative	superlative
I. с помощью суффиксов -er, -est - односложные прилагательные - двусложные прилагательные, которые заканчиваются на -er, -ly, -y, - w	large Ex. There is a large park near my house. A red ball is isn't so large as a green one.	larger Ex. A city is larger than a town	the largest Ex. Eurasia is the largest continent.
II. многосложные прилагательные образуют степени сравнения с помощью слов more, the most	beautiful Ex. His pictures are very beautiful. A daughter is as beautiful as her mother.	more beautiful Ex. I think that Siamese cats are more beautiful than Persian ones	the most beautiful Ex. It's the most beautiful garden I've ever seen.

As (positive degree) as - такой же … как

Not so (positive degree) as - не такой … как

Существуют некоторые особенности написания степеней сравнения прилагательных:

1) Если слово оканчивается на согласный, перед которым следует краткий ударный гласный, то конечная согласная буква удваивается - big - bigger - the biggest.

2) Если слово оканчивается на `у' перед которой следует согласный, то `y' на `i' и прибавляется суффикс - heavy - heavier - the heaviest

3) Если слово заканчивается на немую `е', то при прибавлении суффиксов er, est - `e' опускается - large - larger - the largest

Существуют исключения, которые образуют степени сравнения не по правилам:

positive	comparative	superlative
good	better	the best
bad	worse	the worst
little	less	the least
old	older	the oldest
old	elder	the eldest (о родственниках)
far	farther	the farthest (о расстоянии)
far	further	the further (о времени)

Задание 1.1. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень следующих прилагательных:

Hot, long, short, clever, silly, great, red, black, white, thin, thick, fat, nice, warm, cold, merry, small, tall, high, weak, strong, heavy, light, green, dry, clean, dirty, wide, deep, brave.

Задание 1.2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму прилагательного:

1) Which is ___: the United States or Canada (large)?

2) What is the name of the ___ port in the United States (big)?

3) Moscow is the___ city in Russia (large).

4) The London underground is the ___ in the world (old).

5) There is a ___ number of cars and buses in the streets of Moscow than in any other city of Russia (great).

6) St. Petersburg is one of the ___ cities in the world (beautiful).

7) The rivers in America are much ___ than those in England (big).

8) The island of Great Britain is ___ than Greenland (small).

9) What is the name of the ___ mountain in Asia (high)?

10) The English Channel is ___ than the Straits of Gibraltar (wide).

Задание 1.3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя нужную форму прилагательного:

1. August is usually the _______ (hot) month in the UK. The temperature goes up to around 24 C. 2. This jacket cost 350 euro. It was the _______ (expensive) in the shop. 3. Health is _______ (important) than money for me. 4. Sam is ______ (tall) boy in the class. He is nearly two meters tall. 5. It's the ______ (long) film I've seen. It lasts four hours. 6. Take some of these sweets: they are very ______ (tasty). They are _______ (tasty) than the sweets in that box. 7. A bus is ______ (fast) than the tram. 8. This pretty girl is the _______ (good) student in the group. 9. Which is the _______ (beautiful) place in this part of the county? 10. Today the weather is _______ (cold) than it was yesterday. 11. Her eyes are ______ (grey) than mine. 22. He was the _______ (fat) man in the village.13. As he went on, the box seemed ______ (heavy) and ______ (heavy). 14. My sister is the ______ (tall) girl in the class. 15. Who is the ______ (attentive) student in your group? 16. It is autumn. Every day the air becomes ______ (cold) and the leaves on the trees get ______ (yellow). 17. This is the ______ (beautiful) view I have ever seen in my life. 18. Your dictation is now ______ (good) than it was last month, but it's not so ______ (good) as Nick's dictation. And of course Nellie has the ______ (good) dictation of all. 19. Oil is _______ (light) than water. 20. We shall wait for a ______ (dry) day to go on the excursion. 21. Phil is as ______ as Jim (clever). 22. A screen version isn't so _______ as a book (interesting). 23. Days in May became ______ and ______ (hot). 24. It was _______ (difficult) question in the exam test. I spent much time answering it. 25. It was getting ______ and ______ (dark). And soon we couldn't see our way.

Level 1

Vocabulary

Parts of body - части тела

arm - рука

back - спина

body - тело

cheek - щека

chest - грудь (грудная клетка)

ear - ухо

eye - глаз

eyebrow - бровь

face - лицо

finger - палец на руке

foot (feet) - ступня

hair - волосы (hair - is - согласуется с глаголом ед. числа)

hand - рука (кисть)

head - голова

heart - сердце

knee - колено

leg - нога

lip - губа

mouth - рот

neck - шея

nose - нос

shoulder - плечо

skin - кожа

stomach - живот

toe - палец на ноге

tooth - зуб; зубы - teeth

wrinkle - морщина

How to describe?

appearance (general): pretty (about a girl and woman only) - красивая; beautiful - красивый; handsome (about a man) - красивый; ugly - некрасивый;

face: oval face - овальное лицо, pretty face - красивое лицо, round face - круглое лицо, ugly face - некрасивое лицо;

eyes: blue, grey, brown, green, light, dark eyes;

hair: long hair -- длинные волосы, short hair -- короткие волосы, straight hair -- прямые волосы, curly hair -- вьющиеся волосы, dark hair -- тёмные волосы, blond hair -- светлые волосы, brown hair -- каштановые волосы, grey / white hair -- седые волосы, red hair -- рыжие волосы, thick hair -- густые волосы, thinning hair -- жидкие волосы;

lips: full lips -- полные губы, thin lips -- тонкие губы, red lips - красные губы pink lips - розовые губы;

nose: turned-up nose -- курносый нос, long nose - длинный нос, short nose - короткий нос, small nose -маленький нос, big nose - большой нос;

cheeks: full cheeks -- полные щёки, pale cheeks -- бледные щёки, rosy cheeks -- румяные щёки;

eyebrows: bushy eyebrows -- густые брови, thin eyebrows - тонкие брови, clear-cut eyebrows - чёткие брови;

teeth: white teeth - белые зубы; misplaced teeth - неправильно расположенные зубы;

skin: dark skin - смуглая кожа, pale skin - бледная кожа;

height and weight: tall (but not high) - высокий; short (not low) - низкий; medium height - средний рост; slim (about a woman) - стройная; thin - худой; fat - полный.

Text

I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Обратите внимание на произношение слов, выделенных курсивом:

Standards of Female Beauty

Different epochs have different standards of female beauty. How they did they change?

Antique¹ times created² the first cult of beauty. A perfect³ body had small breast⁴, thin waist⁵ and wide hips⁶. Sculptors of that time modeled only such figures. For example, the proportions of the well-known Venus are 86-69-93 at 164 cm. growth.

In X-XII centuries in Europe the new ideal of beauty was developed. High women with pale skin and high forehead⁷ came into fashion. Ladies shaved⁸ off a part of the hair framed the face in order to open their forehead. To make the neck seem longer and thin, they also shaved the nape⁹. Thin hands, long fingers and long legs were appreciated¹⁰. The strangest thing was the fact that the standard of beauty meant noticeable, big stomach. Those ladies, who had a flat¹¹ stomach, put a special small cushion¹² to make their stomach seem bigger.

In the Medieval Europe¹³ everything should be small - growth, hands, foot, breast. Women wore the dresses, almost completely hiding¹⁴ a figure.

Renaissance¹⁵ time's people found magnificent¹⁶ bodies very beautiful. An ideal woman should have plum¹⁷ hands, wide hips and magnificent breast. You can find the examples of such beauty in the pictures by Rubens.

In the end of XVI started the time of so-called `doll beauty'. Women should be graceful¹⁸ and elegant; they should have incredibly thin waist, small head on a long “swan”¹⁹ neck, sloping shoulders and a small breast. Some ladies refused to eat. They starved²⁰ themselves to meet²¹ these standards.

Finally the XX century has come - the time of emancipation. Women began to do sports and give a maximum of attention to the physical activity. There was an absolutely other standard of female beauty - the sunburn, well-developed muscular system, self-confidence. Women began to wear trousers, short haircut. They should be attractive, demonstrate and emphasize²² their beauty with the help of clothes and make-up.

Then in the second part of the XXth century a slim high model-girl came into fashion, and this ideal is still the most preferable²³ now.

But we can't say that today people have some strict ideal to follow. It's very important to remember, and every person should understand it - that every woman is beautiful and unique.

http://www.easy-beauty.org/in/77

Vocabulary to the text

1. antique - античный

2. (to) create - создавать

3. perfect - совершенный

4. breast - грудь

5. waist - талия

6. hips - бёдра

7. forehead - лоб

8. (to) shave (off) - брить (сбривать)

9. nape - затылок

10. (to) appreciate - ценить

11. flat - плоский

12. cushion - подушечка

13. the Medieval Europe - средневековая Европа

14. (to) hide - прятать, скрывать

15. Renaissance - Возрождение

16. magnificent - внушительный, величественный

17. plum - полый

18. graceful - грациозный

19. swan - лебединый

20. (to) starve - голодать, морить голодом

21. (to) meet - (здесь) соответствовать

22. (to) emphasize - подчёркивать

23. preferable - предпочтительный

Tasks

II. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. How can people know about beauty standards of other epochs?

2. What was the beauty standard in the Antique times?

3. What were the proportions of the well-known Venus?

4. What was the beauty standard in the X-XII centuries in Europe?

5. Does that ideal seem strange to you? Why?

6. What was the beauty standard in the Medieval Europe?

7. Do you think that the proportions of the figure were very important at that time? Why/why not?

8. What was the beauty standard of Renaissance?

9. What is `doll beauty'?

10. What was the beauty standard in the second part of the 20^th century?

11. Is there a beauty standard nowadays? Why/why not?

Level 2

Active Vocabulary

Parts of body - части тела

body - тело

brain - разум

blood - кровь

soul - душа

heart - сердце

chest - грудь

back - спина

stomach - живот

shoulder - плечо

arm - рука

waist - талия

hand - рука (кисть)

finger - палец на руке

thumb - большой палец руки

nail - ноготь

hip - бедро

leg - нога

knee - колено

foot (feet) - ступня

toe - палец на ноге

head - голова

face - лицо

eye - глаз

hair - волосы

lip - губа

mouth - рот

nose - нос

cheek - щека

eyebrow - бровь

ear - ухо

tooth - зуб; teeth - зубы

neck - шея

wrinkle - морщина

skin - кожа

How to describe?

appearance (general): pretty (about a girl and woman only) - красивая; beautiful - красивый; handsome (about a man) - красивый; good-looking - красивый, обладающий привлекательной внешностью; attractive - привлекательный; ugly - некрасивый; ordinary-looking - обычный;

face: oval face - овальное лицо; pretty face - красивое лицо; round face - круглое лицо; ruddy face - румяное лицо; ugly face - некрасивое лицо;

eyes: blue, grey, brown, green, light, dark eyes;

hair: long hair - длинные волосы; short hair - короткие волосы; straight hair - прямые волосы; curly hair - вьющиеся волосы; wavy hair - волнистые волосы; black / dark hair - тёмные волосы; blond / light hair - светлые волосы; brown hair - каштановые волосы; red hair - рыжие волосы; grey / white hair - седые волосы; thick hair - густые волосы; thinning hair - жидкие волосы;

lips:

thick (full) lips - толстые (полные) губы; thin lips - тонкие губы; red lips - красные губы, pink lips - розовые губы;

nose:

Roman nose - орлиный, римский нос; bulbous nose - нос картошкой; snub nose - вздернутый нос; turned-up nose - курносый нос; long nose - длинный нос; short nose - короткий нос; small nose -маленький нос; big nose - большой нос;

cheeks:

full / rounded cheeks - полные щёки; sunken cheeks - впалые щёки; pale cheeks - бледные щёки; rosy cheeks - румяные щёки;

eyebrows:

bushy eyebrows - густые брови; thin eyebrows - тонкие брови; clear-cut eyebrows - чёткие брови;

ears: lop-eared - лопоухий;

teeth: white teeth - белые зубы; misplaced teeth - неправильно расположенные зубы

skin: dark skin - смуглая кожа, pale skin - бледная кожа;

height and weight: tall (but not high) - высокий; short (but not low) - низкий; medium height - средний рост; slim (about a woman) - стройная; thin - худой; fat - полный; overweight - лишний вес; overweight people - люди с избыточным весом.

Text

I. Read and translate the text. Pay special attention to the translation of the underlined sentences:

Body Language

It can take between 90 seconds and 4 minutes to decide if we like someone. You never get a second chance to make a first impression! But this has little to do with your talking. As far as attraction¹ goes, here's how we get the message²:

55% is through body language³

38% is the tone and speed of our voice

only 7% is through what we say.

So you can see how important body language is. And it's also important to learn how to use it and how to understand it.

Body language is a form of non-verbal communication, which consists of body pose, gestures, expressions of the face, and eye movements⁴.

When people are happy their lips smile. When they think about some difficult problem they knit their brow⁵. When they are surprised they raise their eyebrows. When they feel nervous or impatience they can bite their lips or drum their fingers on the table.

They say that eyes are the mirror⁶ of the soul. It's really true because our eyes can express a lot of emotions.

New York psychologist, Professor Arthur Arun, has been studying the dynamics of what happens when people fall in love. He has shown that the simple act of staring into each other's eyes has a powerful impact.

The two strangers were asked to stare⁷ into each other's eyes without talking for four minutes. Then many of his couples said that they felt deeply attracted to their partner and two of his subjects even married afterwards. So it was a proof⁸ that love at first sight exists.

When we are interested in what we are looking at our pupils⁹ widen. In medieval¹⁰ Italy, women put belladonna into their eyes to make them look bigger. In fact, `bella donna' means 'beautiful lady'. However, this is not recommended, as belladonna is a kind of poison!

One of the most basic and powerful body-language signals is when a person crosses his or her arms across the chest. This can indicate¹¹ that a person is putting up a barrier¹² between himself and others. It can also mean that a person is expressing opposition, hostility¹³.

When people are attracted to each other, they tend to sit or stand in the same way and copy each other's physical gestures. This is known as 'mirroring'. When someone does this, it marks good communication.

But it's really hard to interpret body language. The meaning of this or that signal may depend on the situation: eye contact can indicate that a person is thinking positively of what the speaker is saying; it can also mean that the other person doesn't trust the speaker enough to "take their eyes off" the speaker. Lack of eye contact - when a person lowers eyes or often blinks - can indicate dishonesty¹⁴. On the other hand, shy¹⁵ persons are often unable to make eye contact without discomfort. Also we should remember that cultural norms about eye contact vary¹⁶ widely.

There are some books and films where body language plays an important role. For example it's a popular American television series `Lie to Me'. In the detective show a group of psychologists¹⁷, Dr. Cal Lightman (Tim Roth) and his colleagues, who are professional interpreters of body language, help to tell truth from lie.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/love/flirting.shtml

Vocabulary to the text:

1. attraction - привлекательность, притягательность, влечение

2. message - сообщение

3. body language - жестикуляция и мимика, язык телодвижений

4. movement - движение

5. to knit their brow - хмурить брови

6. mirror - зеркало

7. stare - пристально смотреть

8. proof - доказательство

9. pupil - зрачок

10. medieval - средневековый

11. indicate - указывать, показывать, выражать

12. barrier - препятствие

13. hostility - враждебность

14. dishonesty - нечестность

15. shy - робкий

16. to vary - различаться

17. psychologist - психолог

II. Find out the meaning of the following expressions and make up a short situation with them:

You never get a second chance to make a first impression!

fall in love (with)

love at first sight

to tell smth. from smth.

they say…

III. True or false? Correct the sentences that are false:

1. It takes only several minutes to decide if people like each other.

2. You can get a lot of information through the body language.

3. `Bella donna' means `clever lady'

4. A person crosses his/her arms across the chest to show that he/she agrees with you.

5. It's absolutely comfortable for everybody to make eye contact with all people.

IV. Answer the questions:

1. What is body language?

2. How do people usually express their emotions with the help of body language?

3. Why are eyes called `a mirror of the soul'? Do you agree with it?

4. What was the experiment of Arthur Arun?

5. Why did women from medieval Italy put belladonna into their eyes?

6. Is it a good sign when a person crosses his or her arms across the chest?

7. What is `mirroring'?

8. Why is it difficult to interpret body language?

9. Have you ever had the situation when somebody told you something but you definitely knew that he was lying? How have you understood it?

10. Do you know any differences in body language of people from different cultures?

11. Do you know any other books or films when body language plays an important role in the plot?

V. How can people express different emotions with the help of body pose, gestures, expressions of the face, and eye movements? What does a person usually do when he/she is:

- happy

- sad

- surprised

- interested

- bored

- frightened

- uncertain?

III. Speaking Practice

I. Describe a person in the picture:

standards of beauty of XX-XXI century - describe them!

II. Describe your appearance.

III. Try to describe your neighbour from memory.

IV. Describe your ideal female / male beauty.

V. Read the dialogue and then play a role game: two of the students are the police officers.

Two of the students are touristы. Somebody has stolen their money and documents but they saw the robber. So they come to the police station and should secretly choose somebody from the group and describe him/her to the police. Policemen should ask questions about the robber's appearance. Other students should draw a photofit picture and then guess who the robber is.

At the police office.

P=policeman; Mr. Broun; Mrs. Broun

P: Good afternoon! Can I help you?

Mr B: Yes! We have got a problem.

P: What happened?

Mrs.B: Somebody has stolen my bag when I was waiting for my husband near the shop!

P: Oh, did you see him?

Mrs.B.: Yes. It was a man.

P: Can you describe him?

Mrs.B.: It was a tall and thin man, he was wearing some dark clothes.

P: I see. But do you remember his face?

Mrs. B: He had an oval face and pale skin.

P: What colour are his eyes?

Mrs.B: I think his eyes were grey or blue.

P.: Was his hair dark or fair?

Mrs.B.: He was dark-haired. His hair was short and straight.

P.: What about his nose?

Mrs.B.: He had a Roman nose.

P.: Did you notice anything else?

Mrs.B.: Yes. He was lop-eared.

P.: Don't worry Mr. and Mrs. Broun. We will find this man!

Writing Practice

Description of a person

В процессе учебы вам не раз придется готовить описания людей, мест, предметов, ситуаций, испытанных эмоций или приобретенного опыта. Несмотря на различие объектов описания, такие тексты строятся по единому плану и включают введение, в котором вы сообщаете потенциальному читателю, каков объект вашего описания; основную часть, которая обычно состоит из нескольких абзацев и в которой вы создаете живой и яркий образ того, что вы описываете; заключения, в котором вы обобщаете все то, о чем вы писали в предыдущих частей.

Подготовка описания дает вам большую творческую свободу в выражении своих мыслей и использовании языковых средств. Прежде чем описывать кого-то из своих однокурсников, друзей, родственников, известных личностей запишите самые яркие, запоминающиеся детали, качества, с которыми вы их ассоциируете. И как только у вас начнет складываться цельный образ, начинайте писать. Старайтесь использовать прилагательные наиболее точно и ярко описывающие ваш объект.

Пока вы не достигли высокого мастерства в описании окружающих, предлагаем вам отдельные фразы, которые в совокупности с приведенной в этом уроке лексикой, помогут вам составить свои первые тексты-описания.

She / He looks (quite)…

I would imagine she is…

I would guess he is…

He appears to be (rather)…

I think he / she likes…

She / He is wearing…

She / He is dressed…

in their teens / middle-aged / elderly

I. Write a description of your friend or relative, use tips given above.

Дополнительная литература и Интернет-ресурсы

1. Бонк Н.А., Котий Г.А., Лукьянова Н.А. Учебник английского языка. В 2-х ч.. Часть 2 - М.: Товарищество «ДеКонт», 1994. - 637 с.

2. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика. Сборник упражнений. - СПб.: Каро, 1998. - 475 с.

3. McCarthy M., O'Dell F. English Vocabulary in Use. Elementary. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. - 168 p.

4. McCarthy M., O'Dell F. English Vocabulary in Use. Upper Intermediate & Advanced. -- Cambridge University Press, 2007. -- 309 p.

5. Redman S. English Vocabulary in Use. Pre-intermediate - Intermediate. - Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997. - 266 p.

6. Evans V. Round up - 5. Pearson Education Limited, 2005. - 209 p.

7. Hartley B. Viney P. Streamline English. Destinations. Oxford University Press. - 83 p.

8. Longman Essential Activator. - Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 1997. - 1002 p.

9. Murphy R. Essential grammar in use. A self-study reference and practice book for elementary students of English. Cambridge University Press. - 300 p.

10. Stephens M. Practise Advanced Writing: Analysis and Practice for CAE and Proficiency. - Addison Wesley Longman Limited, 1992. - 112 p.

11. Stephens M. Practise Writing. - Addison Wesley Longman Limited, 1996. - 80 p.

12. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/685/01/.

Unit 4. Character

I. Grammar: Order of adjectives in a sentence

II. Text Reading and Speaking Practice: Star Signs

Grammar

1. Order of adjectives in a sentence (Порядок расположения прилагательных-определений в предложении):

В предыдущих уроках уделялось внимание порядку слов в английском предложении: прямой порядок слов в предложении, расположение в нем обстоятельств места и времени, а также наречий, указывающих на частотность, регулярность совершаемых действий, типы вопросов и порядок слов в них. Существует также определенная логика, схема расположения нескольких определений одного определяемого слова, выраженных прилагательными. Прилагательные в функции определения ставятся перед определяемым существительным. При наличии у существительного нескольких определений, последние располагаются в следующем порядке: размер - возраст - форма - цвет - происхождение - материал - назначение - определяемое существительное. Например: large new square brown French wooden linen chest. Определение, выражающее субъективное мнение говорящего о предмете, ставится перед всеми остальными определениями. Например: wonderful large new square brown French wooden linen chest.

Задание 1.1. Расположите прилагательные в правильном порядке:

1) a cotton / old / blue shirt;

2) a Roman / beautiful / ancient / marble / statue;

3) a beef / delicious / huge / sausage;

4) a new / English / interesting / detective / story;

5) a navy / woolen / new / smart / dress;

6) a little / lovely / old / village;

7) green / new / nice / sweater;

8) a plastic / small / plastic / bag;

9) a big / fat / black / cat;

10) a thrilling / American / old / movie.

Level 1

Vocabulary

ambitious - целеустремленный

cheerful - веселый

dishonest - нечестный

easy-going - добродушный, беззаботный

emotional - эмоциональный

friendly - дружелюбный

generous - щедрый

hard-working - трудолюбивый

honest - честный

insensitive - нечувствительный

kind - добрый

lazy - ленивый

mean - скупой

miserable - несчастный, несчастливый

nice - милый, приятный

optimistic - оптимистичный

pessimistic - пессимистичный

punctual - пунктуальный

reserved - сдержанный

sensitive - чувствительный

shy - робкий

strong - сильный

tense - напряженный, нервный

unfriendly - недружелюбный

unkind - недобрый

unpleasant - неприятный

weak - слабый

1. Поместите все прилагательные в две колонки:

Positive qualities	negative qualities

2. Опишите свой характер (положительные и отрицательные черты).

3. Опишите свой идеал, назовите те качества, которые вы особенно цените в людях и которые не любите.

4. Прочитайте текст и скажите, согласны ли вы с описанием своего знака зодиака. Почему да / нет.

Adopted from http://www.njnj.ru/partrans/star_signs.htm

Star Signs

There are 12 star sings, and people who belong to a definite sign have their own character, habits and manners.

Aries (21th March - 20th April) like jokes, parties and loud music. They are easy-going and cheerful. They are good at sport. They don't often ask for advice. Sometimes they're a bit selfish.

The people who are born under the sign of Taurus (21st April -21st May) are hard-working. They don't like to be weak. They are very practical and helpful. They don't like changes. They like food!

If you're Gemini (22nd May - 21st June) you love surprises. You like chatting with your friends. You are emotional and optimistic. You do a lot of things at once.

Cancer (22nd June - 22nd July) seems strong and selfish. But really he's soft and sensitive. One minute he's happy, the next minute he feels miserable.

Leos (23rd July - 23rd August) are leaders. They want to be rich and important one day, they are ambitious and generous. They love expensive things.

Virgo (24th August - 22nd September) always works hard. She chooses her friends carefully because they have to be perfect! She is honest and reserved.

If you're Libra (23rd September - 23rd October) people like you because you always say nice things. You hate fights. You want everyone to be happy. You're a bit lazy. You are not mean.

People who were born under the sign of Scorpio (24th October - 22nd November) are very strong persons. They always get what they want. They're very good friends. But they can be tense and unfriendly sometimes.

If you are Sagittarius (23rd November - 21st December) you are friendly. You spend money like water. You always tell the truth. Sometimes this can hurt your friends feelings, they may think that you are insensitive.

Capricorns (22nd December - 20th January) are quiet and serious. They work hard. Their friends like them because they never do stupid things. They are kind and sometimes shy.

So if you were born under the sign of Aquarius (21st January - 18th February) you like to be free. You have original ideas. Some of your ideas are crazy! You can be pessimistic sometimes.

Pisces (19th February - 20th March) are friendly and kind. They are good at art and they love music. They often lose things and forget the time, they are not punctual.

5. Подберите антонимы (слова, противоположные по значению)

сheerful	dishonest
easy-going	insensitive
generous	lazy
hard-working	mean
honest	miserable
kind	pessimistic
nice	tense
optimistic	unkind
sensitive	unpleasant
strong	weak

6.Подберите прилагательное для описания:

a. She is always on time because she is …

b. He is always smiling and in a good mood hу is …

c. Kate has problems with meeting new people, she is …

d. Nick doesn't show his emotions, he is rather …

e. My brother wants to have a promotion, he is …

f. He lost his mobile phone and now is unhappy and …

g. Sarah is always laughing or crying, she is…

7.Замените выделенное слово (слова) синонимом:

h. Dan is very nice when he meets new people.

i. My boss is not a very pleasant man.

j. She is easy-going and always smiling.

k. He is not hard-working at all.

l. My friend is so miserable!

Level 2

Vocabulary

affectionate - ласковый, любящий

arrogant - высокомерный, надменный

attentive - внимательный

broad-minded - с широким кругозором

careful - заботливый

communicative - общительный

cruel - жестокий

devoted - преданный

dishonest - нечестный

double-faced - двуличный

enthusiastic - восторженный, полный энтузиазма

friendly - дружелюбный

gentle - мягкий, добрый

good-humoured - добродушный

greedy - жадный

hard-hearted - бессердечный

honest - честный

hostile - неприязненный, враждебный

hypocritical - лицемерный, притворный

ill-natured - злой, недоброжелательный

indifferent - равнодушный

kind - добрый

kind-hearted - добрый, отзывчивый

loving - любящий

loyal - верный, преданный

merciful - милосердный

modest - скромный

open-minded - восприимчивый, открытый новому

patient - терпеливый

proud - гордый

reliable - надежный

respectable - уважаемый

responsible - ответственный

revengeful - мстительный

rude - грубый

self-confident - уверенный в себе

selfish - эгоистичный

sincere - искренний

tactless - бестактный

trustful - доверчивый

unkind - недобрый

unsociable - необщительный

vulgar - вульгарный, грубый

witty - остроумный

1. Поместите все прилагательные в две колонки:

positive	negative
responsible	selfish

2. Опишите свой характер (положительные и отрицательные черты).

3. Опишите свой идеал, назовите те качества, которые вы особенно цените в людях и которые не любите.

Прочитайте текст и скажите, согласны ли вы с описанием своего знака зодиака. Почему да / нет.

Adopted from: http://starsigns.co.uk/

Star Signs

Aries - 21st March - 20th April

Star signs are related to both positive and negative characteristics in a person. Arians are commonly known as: open-minded, energetic, self-confident, selfish, impatient, enthusiastic. Arians are also said to make good leaders, and will likely inspire others with their courage, creativity, and strong personalities.

Taurus - 21st April - 21st May

Security is very important for a Taurus, in every sense of the word!

Those born under Taurus enjoy comfort and the finer things in life. They are reliable and ambitious, and also make devoted friends. But they can be self-willed.

Gemini - 22nd May - 21st June

Gemini's are communicative, friendly and cordial. Gemini's are also lively, broad-minded and great at multi-tasking. A Gemini can be indifferent when they are bored. They are also filled with nervous energy that can lead to stress and depression.

Cancer - 22nd June - 22nd July

Those born under the sign of Cancer generally have good instincts, but they are also cautious and wouldn't take risks with things like money. Cancerians have powerful emotions, making them kind, loyal friends and affectionate romantic lovers. This can also mean they are oversensitive and take offence easily. A typical Cancerian is also a homebody and likes a large family.

Leo - 23rd July - 23rd August

Leo's may have strength and courage like a Lion, but they can be proud, rude and tactless. On the positive side, a Leo can be generous, kind-hearted and loving to those around them. They also have an optimistic, enthusiastic, outlook on life. One of their most important leadership qualities is good organisation.

Virgo - 24th August - 22nd September

A Virgo likes routine, which enables them to be practical and industrious workers. They are also very good at absorbing information. They are careful, patient and responsible. Virgo's can also be mistaken for introverts, as they are very shy and modest. The negative side to their character can also find them too conservative, and weighing down the details of a project.

Libra - 23rd September - 23rd October

With the need for balance and peace, comes a dislike of conflict, and so many Librans will refrain from taking sides and offending people. They are attentive listeners and problem solvers. They are gentle, sincere and witty, but sometimes they can be arrogant and hostile.

Scorpio - 24th October - 22 November

Unfortunately, Scorpios have a bad reputation and are often talked about as cruel and hard-hearted. They tend to be emotionally energetic, trustful and honest. On a positive note, their energy can lead to a determined and forceful approach to life, which will bring results. Scorpios are also known for their magnetism.

Sagittarius - 23rd November - 21st December

Sagittarians have a great sense of fun and optimism, and enjoy being with people who share this philosophy in life. Freedom is also very important to this star sign, and friends or partners should avoid putting a Sagittarian in a claustrophobic situation. Although generally an open-minded and trusting sign, they can also be double-faced and hypocritical.

Capricorn - 22nd December - 20th January

Capricorns are born with a lot of potential, but are often held back from achieving by their own pessimistic attitude to life. This is partly down to lack of confidence, and they often under estimate their abilities/achievements. Just like famous Capricorn Rowan Atkinson, many under this sign will have the gift of humour. Other positive aspects of their character include common sense and patience.

Aquarius - 21st January- 18th February

Aquarians are one of the few star signs you can't really generalise about, as no two are alike. An Aquarian can be unpredictable and will often add surprising opinions to a debate. They can be ill-natured and unsociable, merciful and good-humoured. Sometimes they are hard to be understood.

Pisces - 19th February - 20th March

A Piscean is an emotive being. They are highly sensitive creatures with a great empathy and generosity of spirit. As one of the kindest signs in the zodiac they are often helping others, and will make friends for life. Known as the poets of the zodiac they can have an idealistic view of life, which can be their downfall. But sometimes they can be dishonest and unkind

Vocabulary to the text

inspire - вдохновлять

courage - храбрость, смелость

security - безопасность

finer - утонченный

lively - веселый, оживленный

multi-tasking - способность выполнять несколько задач одновременно

indifferent - равнодушный

cautious - осторожный

homebody - домосед

outlook - взгляд

industrious - трудолюбивый, прилежный

absorbing - поглощающий

shy - робкий

weigh down - взвешивать

peace - мир

refrain - удерживаться

offend - обижать

unfortunately - к сожалению

determined - решительный

forceful - волевой

hold back - сдерживать

add - добавлять

downfall - неудачи, крушение

7) Подберите антонимы (слова, противоположные по значению) 1) careful

2) communicative

3) cordial

4) double-faced

5) friendly

6) gentle

7) honest

8) kind

9) kind-hearted

10) modest

a) dishonest

b) hard-hearted

c) hostile

d) ill-natured

e) rude

f) selfish

g) sincere

h) unkind

i) unsociable

j) vulgar

8) Замените выделенные слова синонимами из текста.

1) Jo is very loving towards her.

2) All the staff are feeling a lot of interest and excitement about the project.

3) He is a loyal supporter of the team.

4) He was a wild and obstinate child.

5) Sarah was not at all interested to him.

9) Выберите правильный вариант ответа:

1) Nick has been to many countries. He is:

a) witty b) broad-minded c) patient

2) You can always trust him, he is:

a) reliable b) indifferent c) attentive

3) She cares too much of money because she is;

a) merciful b) greedy c) hypocritical

4) If you work as a nurse you should be:

a) respectable b) arrogant c) patient

5) My friend never cares what she says. She's:

a) revengeful b) tactless c) cruel

6) My boss always welcomes new ideas because he is:

a) open-minded b) good-humoured c) trustful

7) The class always laughs at his jokes, they think he's:

a) witty b) self-confident c) arrogant

Дополнительная литература и Интернет-ресурсы

1. Бонк Н.А., Котий Г.А., Лукьянова Н.А. Учебник английского языка. В 2-х ч.. Часть 2 - М.: Товарищество «ДеКонт», 1994. - 637 с.

2. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика. Сборник упражнений. - СПб.: Каро, 1998. - 475 с.

3. McCarthy M., O'Dell F. English Vocabulary in Use. Elementary. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. - 168 p.

4. McCarthy M., O'Dell F. English Vocabulary in Use. Upper Intermediate & Advanced. -- Cambridge University Press, 2007. -- 309 p.

5. Redman S. English Vocabulary in Use. Pre-intermediate - Intermediate. - Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997. - 266 p.

6. Evans V. Round up - 5. Pearson Education Limited, 2005. - 209 p.

7. Hartley B. Viney P. Streamline English. Destinations. Oxford University Press. - 83 p.

8. Murphy R. Essential grammar in use. A self-study reference and practice book for elementary students of English. Cambridge University Press. - 300 p.

Unit 5. Daily routine

I. Grammar: Frequency adverbs, expressions with have;

II. Text:

My day;

Daily Routine of Famous People

III. Speaking Practice: My Daily Routine.

Grammar

Frequency adverbs

Every day / week / month / year, usually, often, always, rarely, never, sometimes, in the morning / evening / afternoon, at night, on Mondays etc.

Наречия частотности, такие, как always, often, never, rarely, seldom, usually, hardly ever в предложении употребляются после подлежащего, до сказуемого, например:

I always go to work by car. - Я всегда езжу на работу на машине.

Ann often plays tennis. - Энн часто играет в теннис.

They usually have dinner at 7 o'clock. - Они обычно ужинают в 7 часов.

В том случае, если сказуемое выражено глаголом «to be» (во времени Present Simple формы am, is, are), данные наречия частотности употребляются после глагола «to be», например:

I am never ill. - Я никогда не болею.

They are usually at home in the evenings. - По вечерам они обычно дома.

It is often cold here in winter. - Зимой здесь часто бывает холодно.

Наречия sometimes, every day / week / month / year, in the morning / evening / afternoon, at night, on Mondays употребляются в начале или в конце предложения, например:

Sometimes I eat too much. - Иногда я ем слишком много.

On Mondays he usually has English lesson. - По понедельникам у него обычно урок по английскому.

I don't go jogging in the morning, I usually do it in the evening. - Я не бегаю утром, обычно я бегаю вечером.

Глаголы to have и have got

Глаголы to have got и have указывают на обладание чем-то и переводятся на русский язык как «иметь, обладать». В настоящем времени они могут использоваться как синонимы, за исключением ряда устойчивых выражений, в которых употребляется только глагол have, например:

Формы глагола have got:

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
Полная форма	Краткая форма	Полная форма	Краткая форма	Have I got?
I have got	I've got	I have not got	I haven't got
We have got	We've got	We have not got	We haven't got	Have we got?
You have got	You've got	You have not got	You haven't got	Have you got?
They have got	They've got	They have not got	They haven't got	Have they got?
He has got	He's got	He has not got	He hasn't got	Has he got?
She has got	She's got	She has not got	She hasn't got	Has she got?
It has got	It's got	It has not got	It hasn't got	Has it got?

Существует ряд выражений с глаголом have, которые употребляются только со словом have (а не have got). Это следующие выражения:

have breakfast / lunch / dinner - завтракать / обедать / ужинать

have a meal - есть, кушать

have a sandwich / a pizza - есть сэндвич / пиццу

have a cup of coffee / a glass of milk - выпить чашку кофе / стакан молока

have something to eat / drink - перекусить что-то / что-то выпить

have a bath / shower - принимать душ / ванну

have a rest / a holiday - отдыхать

have a party - устраивать вечеринку

have a nice time - хорошо проводить время

have a good journey - хорошо провести путешествие

have a walk / a swim / a game (of tennis) - прогуляться / поплавать / поиграть (в теннис)

have a dream - мечтать

have a baby - родить ребенка

have a look (at…) - взглянуть на

Отрицательная и вопросительная формы с данными выражениями требуют употребления вспомогательных глаголов (во времени Present Simple - do / does, Past Simple - did), например:

I don't usually have breakfast. - Я обычно не завтракаю.

Do you have a cup of coffee or a cup of tea in the morning? - Ты пьешь кояе или чай утром?

Did you have a good holiday? - Ты хорошо отдохнул?