For the present, majority of large agencies and companies of translations can offer you the following services: translation of accounting statements; economic statistical data, audit reports and the other documents given by banks. Besides, economic translation means translation of marketing researches; business plans; blocks of tender documents; invoices, accounts, consignment bills, offers. Also there are economic translations of credit requests; guarantee letters; feasibility reports, translation of audit reports, financial reporting and many other documents on economic subjects. If it necessary, translated documents are signed by the expert who has performed translation, the document is notarized. Also many companies offer service of consular legalization and validation by apostil.

Economic translation is one of the most difficult types of translation. Translator cannot change the given form and material (information) of the original (for example, such possibility exists in literary translation).

Economic translation demands much of knowledge and abilities of the expert. The person who is engaged in such translations, should be first of all the professional, should know the ropes of the given sphere of translation, to have the enhanced responsibility, to be able to focus on minute particulars. Actually, there are no minute particulars in such translation, any detail plays the important role. And one more essential condition - the translator should like to work with the documentation of this type.

Any mistakes made by the expert while translating of the financial documentation, will cost very much to the customer, therefore basic rules of economic translation are accurate observance of terminology and original form, great attention to figures, accuracy and assiduity at work with considerable quantity of documentation.

Literary translation

Translation of fiction is very difficult, but due to work of translators we can study works of ancient philosophers, myths and legends of ancient civilizations, heritage of the European culture, and also works of modern writers. Reading the works translated into Russian, the reader perceives it as if it is initially have been written in Russian, thanks to laborious and a hard work of translator which used all its talents for the translation of what the author initially bethought.

As a rule, literary translation is performed only by the best experts in the field of linguistics which are capable to adapt all the coloring from one language to another, and thus, without having lost art value of the work of literature. To reflect in fine fashion an event in work of literature, the translator should be well familiar with culture and country history, its mentality and the period which is described in a work of literature. Without such knowledge translator cannot get message of author's idea across to the reader.

Except knowledge of a foreign language, the translator should know the native language in perfection and to be the master of an epistolary genre. Often translations are performed by different writers and though, they are not freely speak foreign language, their translations turn out competent, beautiful and easy-to-read.

Specific complexity for literary translation is carried by the settled expressions, proverbs, phraseological units and idiomatic turns. In its works writers often use such technique, and without its knowledge translation is almost impossible. Many cases when literary translation lost true value of the written are known. It occurred that the translator approached to translation word-to-word. The most known mistakes while translating are the following expressions:

John the Baptist (Ioann Krestitel') - translated as John Baptist

Saint Virgin (Svyataya Deva) - "Sacred Virginia" or "Sacred Virgin"

Literary translation has a great number of such expressions.

Besides, it is necessary to not forget also about slang expressions which too often occur in works of literature. Each country is a heritage of centuries, and has untranslatable folklore, as for example, speech of inhabitants of Odessa or Georgia.

Translation of contracts

Among texts for which translation people address to translation companies, there is special group of official documents, in particular translation of contracts. The given translation demands big responsibility, serious approach to the subjects and is directly connected with political system of the state, with its cultural originality. Confident knowledge of a subject is necessary condition for expert to perform competent translation of contracts. It is important to reproduce terms accurately, to observe all features of style of the document, not to miss any detail which is very important for official papers.

In the nature of things is that translation of contracts is performed in writing, instead of verbally. Such work demands serious expenses of time, and the original text always should be at hand of the translator. Such translation dictates special requirements which the translator necessarily should know and consider. It comes down that the ready contract translated into target language, should be formed properly. So, pages should be stapled together and connected to the original text under certain manner, under the special form. An essential condition which is demanded by any customer, who has ordered translation of contracts, is full confidentiality of translation.

There is no need to mention that the qualified translator, who is performing translation of contracts, uses special dictionaries and data books. However it is not enough knowledge of only book data: in communication and information sharing all sources are important. The professional should be informed on all circumstances of the situation, deeply understand an event essence that will help to perform qualitative and competent translation. Experience of constant communication with native speakers, information sharing with foreign colleagues is especially valuable: thus the translator will always be well informed that will make the given translation even more competently. But the best translation of contracts is performed only by native speaker.

Translation of contracts often means also legalization process. Usually the situation assumes that all papers at first will be translated, and then will be legalized together with the copies in other language.

Performing aforementioned translation, the expert faces a number of serious problems. For example, the translation from English frequently becomes complicated that law terms and concepts which are present in the original are impossible to translate into Russian. Many law texts contain such formulations which simply are not characteristic for legal system of our country. In this connection, translation of contracts can present serious difficulty. The problem of the expert who is performing translation of contracts most truly to convey meaning of the concept which exact translation does not exist of.

Besides, this type of translation is connected with difficulties of lexical perception. At times there can be problems of translation of foreign text conventions which also can not correspond to Russian conventions. The professional translator should try to perform the most exact translation, after all not only the material income of the customer-company set on stake, but also its authority and prestige in the market.

Localization and translation of web sites

Localization of web sites is necessary for maintenance of processes of the adaptation of designated by regional features of language and cultural borders. Thus objective processes of globalization extend according to a correcting of a necessary resource for rapprochement of different national cultures due to what the translation of sites becomes more and more habitual.

Translation of web sites should be made in such direction that integrity of information structuring according to the original sample has not been broken.

Certainly, the domestic Internet is insufficiently developed in comparison with a world wide web. For this reason it is necessary to create all conditions for high-grade promotion of Russian-speaking sites in world open spaces of the Internet network. With that end in view localization of web sites is applied.

Skilled translation companies successfully perform such service as translation of web sites with their subsequent optimization according to the world search systems that will provide the most exact rendering of all components of the chosen sites in various browsers. If there will be a necessity, translational companies incur realization of all auxiliary processes with which the translation of web sites is connected.

Besides it translation companies can assist concerning promotion of certain web sites in the various search systems. Web sites localization, language and search optimization of text filling, and also successful creation of worthy advertising in the Internet - these and many other services render translation agencies for the Russian companies expanding the possibilities in sphere of the international relations.

It is necessary to notice that translation of web sites is not only translation of its text content. Localization of web sites is a set of measures and the services directed on realization of uniform measures on adaptation of the given resource according to language, international and cultural characteristics, defining concrete target audience. Translation of web sites means processes of translations and processing of graphics, sound files, flash images, any types of menu etc.

Enterprises and organizations expanding its market possibilities, meet some difficulties. It concerns adaptation of their own web sites to social and cultural features of foreign visitors. Translation of web sites helps to establish qualitative communicative interaction with a target foreign audience.

Functional translation of web sites also is performed in many translation agencies. Such localization of web sites means exact translation of all interacting elements of the program, and also an original embodiment of all its functions and features. Translation of web sites also is very important at realization of plans of the international level on automation of industrial and trading operations, designing, and also provision of services in the maintenance and improvement of work of computer networks of customers.

Qualification of employees of translation companies has high enough level that promotes application of all base programming languages, and also use of the newest platforms and computer programs. For the highly skilled expert the translation of web sites will not present any difficulty. Localization of web sites which was performed in time will help to avoid many difficulties.

Translation of manuals

It is difficult enough to translate manuals literally, qualitative and without loss of sense. Translator should have a good grip of the given subject; besides, rough translation can lead to errors while equipment use.

According to the legislation, all new equipment in Russia should be completed by the manual written in Russian which contains the detailed information on the product. For this reason translation of manuals is very actual service.

Considering that recently development of science and technology has got big scales and has progressed far forward, the given type of translation is in great demand. To translate technical and information manuals, the translator should know a special technical language, competently and qualitatively approach to work, according to a special stylistic direction of the text. In this case it is necessary to consider all subtleties which contain this type of translation to keep the semantic content and the detailed technical description exactly.

Working with such translations members of the translation companies should have specialized preparatory base. Translation of manual should include the correct literal text with the content which exactly repeats the original.

Performing translation of manuals, it is necessary to consider one more feature at which the direction or the text content of the translation necessarily should have specialized grammar. Performing technical translation, also it is necessary to keep uniqueness of the initial text, its informational content and terseness at once.

The given type of translation should be performed so that the technical structured orientation of the text will be simple and comprehensible. However stylistic individuality certainly should remain to the full. Translation of manuals in this context is notable for originality and qualitative pithiness of the text which completely repeats the text of the required document.

Performing aforementioned translation of a technical content material, it is necessary to have special skills and knowledge and to have a corresponding professional experience in the given sphere of translations. It is necessary to know professionally language of technical terminology and free to perform technical translations of any complexity, firstly, translation of manuals.

Thanks to that many translation companies have in their staff translators of various specializations including technical, and surely are possible to assert that manuals in such agencies will be translated at high level. Deep professionalism of employees of the given companies, considering a narrow orientation of the texts being translated, promotes creation of the qualified translations of various engineering specifications, including manuals.

Employees of translation company realize all gravity of the problems assigned to them, after all translation of manuals is nothing else but the special document which carries the meaning both of the equipment and its functions and service regulations. And if this type of translation is not performed adequately, let even with the minimum inaccuracy, it can lead to irreversible effect.

Urgent translation

Urgent translation is quite conditional concept which not every translation agency practices. And of course, urgency cannot be provided by the individual translator. It is that type of the order, which performance time is kept to a minimum. In this case the translator should work in an extreme mode that frequently affects on quality of the translation and on health of the expert, which compelled to work without rest. But this problem concerns small translation companies where the staff is minimized and to break the order into some parts, having passed it to its several performers, is impossible.

As experts of large translation agencies note, the great bulk of orders is necessary for the autumn and winter. During this season of translation business customers often apply to perform urgent translation. The number of regular customers of translation company for which translation usually is required urgently, includes also secretaries of the various organizations and the enterprises. Translators complain that quite often urgent order arrives in the end of the working day, and in this case it is necessary to work at nights. There is one feature: the category ''urgent translation'' concerns only a written translation. The oral translation cannot be "non urgent" inherently. And written translation has absolutely other rules.

Usually the norm for the translator considers translation of 7-8 pages a day. The most skilled and qualified experts are capable to translate up to 10-15 pages for one working day. For this purpose the translator necessarily should be, as they say, ''hip''. And if suddenly the customer needs to make ''urgent translation'' approximately 100 pages of the text material, such task will baffle individually working translator. As a last resort, he can agree and, having stayed over the text without rest almost 24 hours, perform the urgent order. But translation quality in this case will obviously leave much to be desired. What the customer should do in this case when urgent translation is required? The answer can be only one: to apply in professional translation company.

In a large translation agency the urgent order will distribute between several employees. For them this translation will be usual, and they will work at it leisurely, keeping high quality of work. Then ready parts of work are checked by the proof-reader and the editor, and the customer gets the ready translation performed at high level. It will not take a week, as in a case with the individual translator, but only one or two days.

It is better to make an order for urgent translation from early morning, thus it will be performed as soon as possible. In this case efficiency will be more effective. This feature concerns just urgent orders as in this case there is a chance to get ready work next morning.

One more method which allows big agencies to perform the order in maximum deadlines concerns special translational technology ''Translation Memory''. It is an original database where already performed translations arrive. When the new order for urgent translation arrives, the system compares all its fragments with those offers which are already stored in base. If any of them coincide, the system gives out ready translation. To the expert who is performing the urgent order, it is necessary to translate only pieces of the text unknown to the system and to edit those which have coincided partially. In any case, doing the translation under the urgent tariff in translation agency, the customer receives qualitative result, but thus it should overpay essentially. The extra-charges on urgent translation are different everywhere, but on the average makes 100-200% from usual tariffs.

There are no extra-charges for urgency of translation in the translation company "Foreign Term".

We appreciate time of our customers, therefore on our web site final prices of a translation service are always declared.

Translation of documents

Among orders of any translation company, there is a special group of orders for translation of documents. More often it is texts which concern economy and jurisprudence spheres: contracts, covenants, agreements etc. Translation of documentation is usually made in written form, and with all responsibility of which is demanded by subjects.

The given type of translation in any language is directly connected with political system of the state, with its cultural originality. Confident knowledge of a subject is a necessary condition that the translator could perform competent and authentic translation of documents. Then terms will be correctly reproduced, all features of style of the document are observed, any detail that for official papers essentially will not be missed.

It is very important, that the translator who is performing such translation, or the legal counsel has been ideally informed on subtleties of legal system of that country in which language translation is performed. This system can differ from the Russian radically: probably, there will be no place to a number of terms, or some formulations in it. In that case the finding of equivalent concepts with which help it would be possible to perform translation of documents most accurately becomes a paramount objective.

For example, it is the same with the legal system of Great Britain: the law of this country moves with slightly other categories, rather than Russian. Thus the translator who is performing translation of English documents, faces difficulties. Therefore without special knowledge which is required from the translator and the editor translation is impossible.

Understanding of a context is crucially important: only it is possible to make adequately sense of translated phrases that translation of documents has turned out the most authentic. Along with as much as possible exact equivalent translation other objective is important also: translation should be simple and easy-to-read. As a rule, texts of official style difficult in itself, therefore in addition to complicate them, translating documents, the expert simply has no right. There is universal rule of perception here: the easier the text, the easier to read and listen to it, so that more effectively he achieves the object. Only then it is possible to speak about a full exchange of juridical data.

Sometimes experts while translating documents, nevertheless face the phenomena of full untranslatability when with the best will in the world to find an equivalent for the concept is impossible. In this case we face such phenomenon as a conceptual blank, or a lacuna. However the competent translator performing translation of documents, is obliged to find a way out in this case.

"Mysterious" term is deciphered or speaks directly in the text. There is also other variant: to transcribe a word or a word-combination and thereby to introduce the new term. Sometimes such transcription introduced in translation, is performed not by Russian letters, but a Latin. Certainly, it breaks symmetry of appearance of the document and makes the text rough. However such cases nevertheless are an exception of the general rule.

As a result the ready translation should be correct actually: not to have mistakes in the content. Besides, translation of documents should correspond to requirements of system of "accepting" language completely. Thus style of the original, undoubtedly, should remain without changes. Translating documents and business texts, especially of judicial and insurance subjects, to observe these requirements is especially important.

Translation of documents is an objective of the extremely responsibility: the slightest mistake can appear fatal and entail serious consequences, up to proceeding. Document should not have inaccuracies and double meanings. That this translation demands limiting accuracy and scrupulousness, experts consider it as a version of technical translation.

Translation of documents pursues the different aims. The most widespread are a procedure of legalization of documents or notorial certification of a paper, probably, already notarized earlier, but in other language.

Translation of agreements

Any self-respecting translation agency is obliged to offer the customer service in the field of translation of not only materials of the general subjects, but also of special texts which requires additional knowledge, and first of all translation of contracts, the type of translation which is better to entrust translation agency. As a matter of fact only professionals should translate the every possible documentation. To perform the given type of translation, the employee should not only speak perfectly foreign language, but also have additional knowledge.

Speaking about special orders, translation of contracts represents special complexity for the translator, therefore the professionals having great experience in work of legal sphere work with such translations. In this situation requirements to the translator are highest. He should know freely official style not only of native language, but also language in which it is necessary to perform the given translation, thus ideally understanding terminology.

It is better, when the person whose specialization is translation of contracts into any language works with the text: the more narrow specialization, the deeper knowledge and experience of the translator. In addition, to perform such translation qualitatively, it is necessary to be conversant perfectly in jurisprudence and the international relations; therefore, as a rule, employees of the company of translations required additional education with one of these specializations.

Spirits of the times also prevail, and as the years go by, the translator is required more and more a deep and miscellaneous professional knowledge. So, now worldwide activity of the insurance companies rapidly develops, therefore translation of contracts in this sphere is in demand. Thereafter translators having additional education in sphere of insurance are in great demand.

Now widespread economic cooperation between the enterprises of the different countries, and in this case translation of contracts becomes a business integral part. The Russian manufacturers deliver production abroad and actively contact with foreign customers. Therefore it is no wonder that last years the requirement for localization of texts, i.e. for their translation into various languages and adaptation to a certain society, has promptly increased.

And it can be not only translation of contracts, but also other texts: agreements, contracts and even "futile" micro texts. The more extensive economic relations between the states, the more work volume on localization of documents and other texts. So, now, when sales turnover between Russia and the English-speaking countries has considerably increased, demand for services of translation of contracts from English into Russian and in the opposite direction has accordingly raised. And also translators required deep knowledge in economic sphere.

Certainly, such ideal translators meet rather rarely, and not each company of translations can brag of that in its staff there are such employees capable professionally to perform translation of contracts. In the case that this translation is performed by the philologist who have not additional juridical education, the text is necessarily should be collated and edited by the skilled lawyer. It is great when the editor keeps in touch with the situation in the world law and economics and regularly communicates with foreign colleagues; it helps to make work better. Applying in translation agency, necessarily specify of such professional check of this type of translation.

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