Tolerance to uncertainty as a factor in the mental health of the population in conditions of war

Conclusions

The processes associated with the functioning of the neuropsychic activity of a person ensure the acquisition, processing, and storage of information, which allows the individual to form his own experience regarding the decisions made, solve problematic situations and assess the risks of the choice made. Tolerance for uncertainty is facilitated by a clear and constructive systematization of these processes. However, long-term traumatic events, where the individual is unable to control the situation, create prerequisites for the development of anxiety, panic, depression, and other neuropsychological disorders. A person's tendency to mental disorders is formed as a result of psychological traumas, where the danger factor is the key point in reducing his mental health. In the period of armed aggression, the planned development of a person's tolerance for uncertainty is of great importance, which will contribute to the preservation of his mental health and ensure the restoration of psychological resources.

At the beginning of the study, a hypothesis was formulated, which involved testing the interdependence of intolerance to uncertainty and the psychological well-being of a person. In the process of empirical research, this assumption was fully confirmed. In particular, the conducted study determined that intolerance to uncertainty affects the functioning and self-realization of a person in society. In addition, it was found that the experienced situations of uncertainty, which are related to the war and its consequences, led to the deterioration of the mental health of the respondents (sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression). The study of the global experience of restoring the mental health of the population, as well as ways of improving the health care system, allowed to reveal the features of increasing tolerance to uncertainty in the conditions of martial law. A promising direction of further research is the analysis of methods of psychotherapeutic assistance in working with war victims. The obtained research results and the conclusions formed on their basis are significant for organizations that provide social and psychological support to the population, as well as for employees of educational institutions who can develop, implement and implement in educational activities psychological approaches to the development of tolerance to uncertainty in the younger generation.

References

1. Angehrn A., Krakauer R.L., Carleton R.N. (2020). The impact of intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety sensitivity on mental health among public safety personnel: When the uncertain is unavoidable. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44, 919-930.

2. Babatina S. (2021). Predictions of the mental health of the individual in the focus of the corona crisis. In Psychological resources in conditions of life and social crisis: Social and , personal dimension (pp. 7-27). Kherson: V.S. Vyshemyrsky.

3. Becerra R., Gainey K., Murray K., Preece D.A. (2023). Intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety: The role of beliefs about emotions. Journal of Affective Disorders, 324, 349-353.

4. Charitable Foundation “Caritas-Kyiv”. (2023).

5. Chen T., Lucock M. (2022). The mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey in the UK. PLoS ONE, 17(1), article number e0262562.

6. Chykhantsova O. (2021). Psychological foundations of personality sustainability (Doctoral thesis, G.S. Kostyuk Institute of Psychology of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine).

7. Coombs N.C., Meriwether W.E., Caringi J., Newcomer S.R. (2021). Barriers to healthcare access among U.S. adults with mental health challenges: A population-based study. SSM - Population Health, 15, article number 100847.

8. Damsgaard J.B., Angel S. (2021). Living a meaningful life while struggling with mental health: Challenging aspects regarding personal recovery encountered in the mental health system. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), article number 2708.

9. Decree of the President of Ukraine № 64/2022 “On the Introduction of Martial Law in Ukraine”. (2022, February).

10. Ekselius L. (2018). Personality disorder: A disease in disguise. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 123(4), 194-204.

11. Frost B.G., Tirupati S., Johnston S., Turrell M., Lewin T.J., Sly K.A., Conrad A.M. (2017). An Integrated Recovery-oriented Model (IRM) for mental health services: Evolution and challenges. BMC Psychiatry, 17, article number 22.

12. Goyal D., Sharma U. (2022). Emotion, cognition, and COVID-19: A study exploring the association between fear of COVID-19 intolerance of uncertainty and decision-making in Indian adolescents. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 18(1), 92-99.

13. Grenier S., Barrette A., Ladouceur R. (2005). Intolerance of uncertainty and intolerance of ambiguity: Similarities and differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(3), 593-600.

14. Hidese S., Matsuo J., Ishida I., Yokota Y., Ota M., Hattori K., Kunugi H. (2022). Relationship between Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure score and clinical symptoms in patients with major psychiatric disorders and healthy individuals. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports, 1(2), article number e18.

15. Hoffart A., Bauer D.J., Johnson S.U., Ebrahimi O.V. (2022). Anxiety in the adult population from the onset to termination of social distancing protocols during the COVID-19: A 20-month longitudinal study. Scientific Reports, 12, article number 17846.

16. Hromova H.M. (2021). Uncertainty tolerance measurement tools. Adaptation of N. Carleton's “Intolerance of uncertainty scale” (short version). Scientific Studios on Social and Political Psychology, 47, 115-130.

17. Inklaar R., Yang J. (2012). The impact of financial crises and tolerance for uncertainty. Journal of Development Economics, 97(2), 466-480.

18. Kanter E.D. (2008). The impact of war on mental health. іп B.S. Levy, V.W. Sidel (Eds.), War and public health (2nd ed; pp. 51-68). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

19. Kestler-Peleg M., Mahat-Shamir M., Pitcho-Prelorentzos S., Kagan M. (2023). Intolerance to uncertainty and selfefficacy as mediators between personality traits and adjustment disorder in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Psychology, 42(10), 8504-8514.

20. Klepikova O.V. (2021). Characterological traits of tolerance for ambiguity in the personal well-being system of students-psychologists. Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University, 3, 13-20.

21. Knowles K.A., Olatunji B.O. (2023). Intolerance of uncertainty as a cognitive vulnerability for obsessivecompulsive disorder: A qualitative review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 30(3), 317-330.

22. Lauriola M., Iannattone S., Bottesi G. (2023). Intolerance of uncertainty and emotional processing in adolescence: Separating between-person stability and within-person change. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 51(6), 871-884.

23. Lim I.C.Z.Y., Tam W.W.S., Chudzicka-Czupala A., McIntyre R.S., Teopiz K.M., Ho R.C., Ho C.S.H. (2022). Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress in war- and conflict-afflicted areas: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, article number 978703.

24. Malouff J.M., Thorsteinsson E.B., Schutte N.S. (2005). The relationship between the five-factor model of personality and symptoms of clinical disorders: A meta-analysis. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioural Assessment, 27(2), 101-114.

25. Morriss J., Bradford D.E., Wake S., Biagi N., Tanovic E., Kaye J.T., Joormann J. (2022). Intolerance of uncertainty and physiological responses during instructed uncertain threat: A multi-lab investigation. Biological Psychology, 167, article number 108223.

26. NHS recovery plan. (2023).

27. Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1018-r “On the Approval of the Concept of Mental Health Care Development in Ukraine for the Period until 2030”. (2017, December).

28. Parks C. (2023). Mental healthcare in Spain.

29. Patel P., Hancock J., Rogers M., Pollard S.R. (2022). Improving uncertainty tolerance in medical students: A scoping review. Medical Education, 56(12), 1163-1173..

30. Preti E., Di Pierro R., Fanti E., Madeddu F., Calati R. (2020). Personality disorders in time of pandemic. Current Psychiatry Reports, 22(12), article number 80.

31. Reis-Dennis S., Gerrity M.S., Geller G. (2021). Tolerance for uncertainty and professional development: A normative analysis. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 36(8), 2408-2413.

32. Riad A., Drobov A., Krobot M., Antalova N., Alkasaby M.A., Penna A., Koscik M. (2022). Mental health burden of the Russian-Ukrainian war 2022 (RUW-22): Anxiety and depression levels among young adults in Central Europe. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), article number 8418.

33. Rossi R., Socci V., Talevi D., Mensi S., Niolu C., Pacitti F., Di Marco A., Rossi A., Siracusano A., Di Lorenzo G. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic and lockdown measures impact on mental health among the general population in Italy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, article number 790.

34. Sagan A., Kowalska-Bobko I., Biechowska D., Rogala M., Galazka-Sobotka M. (2022). Implementation of mental health centres pilots in Poland since 2018: A chance to move towards community-based mental health services. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), article number 5774.

35. Scale of psychological well-being Riff, RPWB. (2023).

36. Shu J., Ochsner K.N., Phelps E.A. (2022). Trait intolerance of uncertainty is associated with decreased reappraisal capacity and increased suppression tendency. Affective Science, 3, 528-538.

37. Singh V., Kumar A., Gupta S. (2022). Mental health prevention and promotion: A narrative review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, article number 898009.

38. Social survey. (2023).

39. SPSS Smartviewer (v. 16.0). (2023).

40. Stanek K.C., Ones D.S. (2023). Meta-analytic relations between personality and cognitive ability. PNAS, 120(23), article number e2212794120.

41. Thom J., Mauz E., Peitz D., Kersjes C., Aichberger M., Baumeister H., Kuhn J., Bramesfeld A., Daszkowski J., Eichhorn T., Gaebel W., Harter M., Jacobi F., Lindert J., Margraf J., Melchior H., Meyer-Lindenberg A., Nebe A., Orpana H., Peth J., Reininghaus U., Riedel-Heller S., Rose U., Schomerus G., Schuler D., von Ruden U., Holling H. (2021). Establishing a Mental Health Surveillance in Germany: Development of a framework concept and indicator set. Journal of Health Monitoring, 6(4), 34-63..

42. Today's armed conflicts. (2023).

43. Tyurina V.O., Solokhina L.O. (2022). Impact of military conflicts on human mental health: A brief review of foreign research. In Personality, Society, War (pp. 116-118). Kharkiv: Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs.

44. Yap A., Johanesen P., Walsh C. (2023). Moderators uncertainty tolerance (UT) in healthcare: A systematic review. Advances in Health Sciences Education.

45. Yatsyna O.F. (2022). Impact of war on mental health: Signs of psychological trauma of children and adolescents. Scientific Perspectives, 7(25), 554-567.

Размещено на Allbest.ru