Підвищення ефективності проектування спеціалізованих комп'ютерних систем на базі типових мікропроцесорних платформ

Ключові слова: спеціалізована комп'ютерна система, типова мікропроцесорна платформа, методика функціонально-вартісної оптимізації, математичне моделювання, відкрита архітектура, інтелектуалізовані засоби проектування, локальна мережа, алгоритм.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Тымчишин В.А. Повышение эффективности проектирования специализиро-ванных компьютерных систем на базе типовых микропроцессорных платформ. - Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 05.13.13 - вычислительные машины, системы и сети. - Государственный университет "Львівська політехніка", Львов, 1999.

Диссертация посвящена проектированию на базе универсальных процессоров специализированных измерительно-управляющих и терминальных систем с обобщённой открытой структурой и оптимизацией их функционально-стоимостных характеристик. Разработанные математические модели, методика проектирования и система оптимизации, структуры и алгоритмы дистрибутивной компьютерной системы позволили создать новые оптимизированные базовые аппаратно-программные узлы для построения специализированных систем. Результаты работы внедрены в 4 специализированных компьютерных системах.

Ключевые слова: специализированная компьютерная система, типовая микропроцессорная платформа, методика функционально-стоимостной оптимизации, математическое моделирование, открытая архитектура, интеллектуализированные средства проектирования, локальная сеть, алгоритм.

ABSTRACT

Tymchyshyn V.O. Efficiency improvement of design of specialised computer systems based on typical microprocessor platforms. - Manuscript.

Thesis for the Degree of Candidate of Technical Science in speciality 05.13.13 - Computers, systems and networks. - State University "Lviv Polytechnic", Lviv, 1999.

The dissertation deals with design of specialised measuring-control and terminal systems with generalised open structure and optimised on functional and cost characteristics correlation based on typical processors.

Development of models, methodologies and algorithms for functional and cost characteristics totality improvement of measuring-control and terminal systems based on typical microprocessor platforms and reduction of expenses for their design is a goal of the dissertation. The following tasks have been solved for reaching the goal: 1) functional and cost analysis of computer systems; 2) analysis and optimisation of intelligent specialised computer systems (SCS) informational structure; 3) economically efficient usage of typical microprocessor platforms zones research; 4) detection of the ways of SCS's optimisation, development of computer optimisation system and its usage methodology for concrete SCSs design as well as for various SCSs universal optimised structural nodes; 5) investigation of SCSs building tendencies and forming minimal set of optimised SCS nodes; 6) intellectualisation of universal SCS nodes and their interaction in SCS; 7) verification of dissertation's scientific results by different SCSs inculcation.

Absence in SCSs of open architecture and of composing by structural nodes set increases time and cost for their design. Analysis of SCS state has defined the ways of functional and cost optimisation: detection of the universal nodes and development of their cheapened variants through intellectualisation, open structure and application software interaction with measuring-control and terminal resources on hardware-independent level.

Zones of economically efficient application of typical microprocessor platforms have been investigated using developed analytical model of hardware-software design cost (reduced to the circulation) which considers functional complexity and SCS technical limitations at development, adaptation and composing. This allowed to select minimum platforms (CPU 80x86 and MCU 8x51) for measuring-control and terminal SCSs.

SCS general informational structure has been developed realising application software interfaces with measuring-control and terminal resources on SCS's object knowledge level which is transformed by the base software into interaction codes for the SCS's resources through the physical values and functions level. Distributed hardware-independent multitasking real-time interface of application programs with measuring-control resources on knowledge level has been developed allowing to integrate into SCS any sensor, effector and extension board by writing their drivers and setting up technical parameters in the resources table. This reduces the SCS design expenses thanks to typical hardware composing and requires only the application software development. Structures and algorithms allowed to develop optimised typical hardware and software nodes for measuring-control and terminal SCSs on 80x86 and 8x51 platforms.

Developed optimised computer-aided design methodology for open structure SCS includes: forming the components of cost, functional efficiency, nodes limitations and satisfied nodes variants morphological matrix, optimisation on functional and cost characteristics, SCS variants classification, repeated SCS decisions detection at design conditions and SCS's type change, development of optimised nodes variants and their functional and cost characteristics evaluation for next various SCS composing that reduces design cost and time. Computer optimisation system has been developed on the basis of created procedures of SCS discrete optimisation, reduced prime cost and functional efficiency models, adaptive synthesis algorithm and non-traditional SCS decomposition. The system provides quick one-step synthesis of Pareto's set of distributed SCS divisions' compatible variants optimised on functional and cost characteristics totality.

Application of developed methodology and optimisation system allowed to detect the absent universal hardware nodes (MCU 8x51-based controller with remote reprogramming, common extension boards set for the controller and IBM PC: dual-slope integration ADC, two-stage ADC of bit-by-bit balance, DAC with control functions in flash memory, input-output board for time-frequency signals, storage device with 1M flash, "bus" topology local are network on modified RS-232C) and software intellectualisation tools (database libraries, archiver for measured signals, compact graphical interface, driver for developed network). These new nodes have been designed and realised. Their practical verification has proved the reliability of scientific results, functional and cost efficiency of the nodes.

Transferred information amount in "bus" topology network has been found as dependence of workstations quantity, interrogation period, message size and probability of workstation's stay in one of working modes. The dependence-based ways of baud-rate and noise stability increasing (adaptive interrogation by server, forced collisions creation, bit control and priority non-destructive arbitrary) have been developed and their influence on the network characteristics improvement has been investigated. This allowed to realise the network by low cost RS-232C interface modification using two-wired cable and to increase served workstations quantity up to 3-4 times.

Two-level sanatorium SCS (on IBM PCs and developed mini-terminals), SCS of 3-channel digitised sound reproduction for Telecom, multi-value resistance measure SCS, bank computers with increased reliability have been designed and developed featuring by reduced cost (in 8, 4, 2, 5 times respectively) on their creation at improved functional characteristics. The inculcation has proved the reliability and efficiency of new scientific results.

Key words: specialised computer system, typical microprocessor platform, functional and cost optimisation methodology, mathematical modelling, open architecture, intelligent tools for design, local area network, algorithm.

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