Експериментальна та клінічна оцінка застосування дентальних імплантатів власної конструкції

Положительные результаты экспериментальных исследований имплантата „У-Импл” способствовали внедрению его в клинику. Проведенное клинико-рентгенологическое исследование результатов ортопедического лечения с применением имплантатов системы „У-Импл” 224 пациентов в возрасте от 18 до 75 лет на протяжении от одного до восьми лет обнаружило показатель эффективности клинического функционирования имплантатов, равный 96,83%.

Ключевые слова: дентальная имплантация, титановый зубной имплантат, костная ткань челюстей, информационная радиоволновая диагностика.

Summary

Uhryn M.M. Experimental and clinical evaluation of the use of own construction dental implants. - Manuscript.

A thesis in search for the degree of a Candidate of medical sciences on the speciality 14.01.22 - stomatology. - Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University. - Lviv, 2007.

A thesis is devoted to designing, testing and clinical use of intraosseous dental implant of own design with introducing it into production and wide clinical practice. For assessing properties of different metals used in dental practice, titanium (BT1-0 type), cobalt-chromium alloy with indium-palladium coating and cobalt-chromium alloy were chosen. Biocompatible and osseointegration properties of analyzed materials were studied in experiments on stromal cells culture of spinal marrow and in conditions of insertion of endosteal implants imitators, made from those materials, into experimental animals' (rabbits) mandibles. Study was performed with the use of macroscopic, radiologic and histomorphological methods.

On the grounds of carried out research it was proven that titanium possesses best properties necessary for implantation material. Studied species (plates and chips of titanium of ВТ1-0 type) in cells culture „in vitro” positively influenced on growth and proliferation of stromal bone marrow cells, cumulating thick cultural monolayer near their surface. This allowed us to ascertain osteotrophic properties of titanium.

Endosteal implantation of titanium posts in experimental rabbits studies ascertained its osteotrophic and osseointegration properties in all experiment series - macroscopic, radiologic and histomorphological. In the end of research period (180th day) full renewal of structures destroyed during implants insertion was observed. Obtained results became substantiation of fabricating „U-impl” dental implant from titanium of ВТ1-0 type with instruments kit for its insertion. Results of experimental transcortical insertion of „U-Impl” dental implants into bone medullary canal of dogs' shanks confirmed results obtained in previous experimental studies, and even surpassed them. Due to apparent biocompatible and osseointegration properties of sand-blasted acid-etched surface, highly expressed osteotropic properties was ascertained, which are expressed through primary formation of renewed osteogenic structures near implant surface.

Positive results of experimental studies of „U-Impl” dental implant contributed to its introduction into clinical practice. Clinical and radoilogic analysis of prosthetic rehabilitaion of 224 patients aged 18-75 with the use of „U-Impl” dental implants system was conducted. Clinical efficiency rate of dental implants' functioning was 96,83% during 1-8-years observation period.

Key words: dental implantation, titanium dental implant, bone tissue of the jaws, informational radiowave diagnostics.

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