Концептуалізація простору у французькій мові

У роботі вперше визначено та схарактеризовано усі складові концепту "простір", які виявлено на основі бачення носіями французької мови елементів просторової ситуації. Уточнено розуміння узвичаєної типової просторової ситуації та встановлено чинники її формування. Виконано семантичний опис типових маркерів просторової ситуації як найменувань прототипів просторових предметів.

Запропоновано положення про прогнозоване місце розташування та типову локалізацію просторових об'єктів.

Ключові слова: когнітивна лінгвістика, семантика, французька мова, концепт, простір, просторова ситуація.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Ющенко М.П. Концептуализация пространства во французском языке. - Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата филологических наук по специальности 10.02.05 - романские языки. - Киевский национальный университет имени Тараса Шевченко. - Киев, 2007.

Диссертация посвящена исследованию общей семантики концепта "пространство" во французском языке, изучению семантики его компонентов как элементов когниции и языковой картины мира носителей французского языка. Рассмотрение закономерностей концептуализации перцептуального пространства осуществлено на материале текстов различных стилей французского языка ХІХ - ХХ и начала ХХІ века.

В работе впервые определяются и характеризуются все компоненты концепта "пространство", выделяемые в результате представления носителями французского языка элементов пространственной ситуации. Уточняется понятие типичной пространственной ситуации и определяются факторы ее формирования. Выполняется семантическое описание типичных маркеров пространственной ситуации как наименований прототипов пространственных предметов.

Предлагается положение о прогнозированном месте расположения и типичной локализации пространственных предметов.

Ключевые слова: когнитивная лингвистика, семантика, французский язык, концепт, пространство, пространственная ситуация.

ANNOTATION

Myroslava Yushchenko. Conceptualization of the space in French language. - Manuscript.

Thesis for a Candidate Degree in Philology, Specialty 10.02.05 - Romanic Languages. - Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University. - Kyiv, 2007.

The thesis analyzes general semantics of the concept "space" in French language and the description of semantics of its parts as cognition elements and a lingual picture of French native speakers. The description of the conceptualization patterns of the perceptive space and spatial relations is done on the basis of the French texts (ХІХ - ХХ and the beginning of the ХХІ century) of different styles.

For the first time the work defines all the elements of the concept "space" which are structured on the basis of the French speakers' view of the elements of the spatial situation: the subject of localization, the place of localization, the area of interaction, the distance and other elements. The thesis also defines the notion "viewing system" to explore the space situation in lingual and non-lingual contexts. There is a description of lexical and semantical naming classes of spatial objects as spatial situation markers in this work.

The thesis conforms the universality of the lingual concept "space" and shows the complexity and dynamics of its structure. It was clarified that conceptualized space is preserved in the consciousness of the native speakers in the form of traditional typical spatial situations. The relativity of the perceptive space was noted.

The work defines and describes central, peripheral and background elements, their functions and relations between them in the conceptualized spatial situation. The typical realization of the object and the place of realization are depicted. The connection between the prototypical characteristics of spatial objects and functions they perform in structuring the spatial situation is shown. The regularities of the notion profiling of the object depending on its place in the spatial situation are highlighted. Along with the notion of fixed orientation of the object of localization the statement about the predicted place and the typical localization of certain categories of spatial objects is suggested.

The thesis reaffirms the anthropocentric character of the spatial situation structure. Overall the work is the theory of the spatial objects interaction, which, according to the distance between them, can be subdivided into three sectors each of which contains typical participants of spatial relations.

The analysis of the given material defines distance as an element of the concept "space" and comments on the reasons of subjectiveness of the distance evaluation by the conceptualizor. The thesis pays attention on the role of some separate prototypic signs of the spatial reference point explicit/implicit in particular in the structuring of the spatial situation. The work verifies the importance of symmetry/asymmetry of the spatial relations of the subject of localization and its disposition and some other features of spatial subjects relevant to the speaker for the conceptualization of the specific spatial situation in French language.

The thesis dwells upon the activity of conceptualizor during the description of the spatial situation while choosing between the definite and indefinite localization. The work also states cognitive and communicative reasons of choosing indefinite localization.

The thesis specifies comprehension of the spatial situation and applies to its description of notion "viewing system". The analysis of spatial situations proved that expression closely connected with particularization of the scene and also with clear picture of spatial elements. The work states that different types of correlations of field of vision and focus - the scene are possible in spatial situations. The special attention was paid to the correlation of participants of spatial situation such as a speaker, an observer; conceptualizator, localizator, object and subject of localization.

The thesis also suggests the methodology of cognitive-functional analysis of spatial situation markers in French language. The work considers the relation between the semantic structure of spatial object naming, its prototypic characteristic and notion profiling in speech. The last describes spatial situation based on the material of lexical and semantical naming groups of typical spatial objects, such as place naming, premises naming, geographical naming, person characteristics and others.

Key words: cognitive linguistics, semantics, French language, concept, space, spatial situation.

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