Information and psychological warfare in the context of the war between Azerbaijan and Armenia

// BBC. Turkce. 25 §ubat 2021. URL: https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-56193035.

During the First Karabakh War, Armenia had gained a superior position, but it lost it during the Second Karabakh War. The psychological warfare techniques it had used to influence both its own society and Azerbaijanis lost their effectiveness after the Second Karabakh War. Consequently, from the date of its defeat in the war, the Armenian people rose up, organized protests against the existing government, and called for the prime minister to resign. This is because the propaganda techniques that had been used to influence their own people until the Second Karabakh War had lost their impact. The people had become aware of the black propaganda conducted by the government and rebelled against the existing regime.

As for Azerbaijan, thanks to the Second Karabakh War, Azerbaijanis they have overcome their sense of defeat and have begun to stand more firmly against the enemy. Azerbaijan's vulnerable position during the First Karabakh War disappeared with the Second Karabakh War. The main reason for this is Azerbaijan's surpassing its opponent in the crucial field of information-psychological warfare tactics, which is one of today's most significant issues. Compared to Armenia, Azerbaijan is not only better at utilizing information-psychological warfare tactics, but also more effectively controls communication channels and social media. Furthermore, one of Azerbaijan's major advantages is that they have never used gray or black propaganda during the war. Using white propaganda tactics in all circumstances, Azerbaijan has gained a significant advantage over Armenia.

Conclusions

Analyzing the above, we note that, over time, a transformation of information wars took place, but their main goal of the war remained to show the advantage of the army and the state through propaganda. It should be noted that in the 20th century, information-psychological wars became part of the military policy of states. Now, due to the current situation on the world stage, the methods and means of conducting information-psychological warfare are changing and every year they are reaching a higher level.

It can also be stated that in the 21st century, information-psychological wars have become more widespread. In summary, the historical context and evolution of information-psychological warfare demonstrate its enduring significance as a tool for states to achieve their strategic and political goals. As technology and global politics continue to evolve, information-psychological warfare is likely to remain a key component of statecraft and international relations.

Modern information warfare is an aggressive action of one country or a whole group of countries in relation to others using not only military power, but also a whole set of other resources (economic, informational, ideological, etc.) that make it possible to exert massive pressure in order to influence behavior enemy and achieving certain goals.

If the use of conventional weapons and means of warfare by countries in relation to each other is sufficiently fully regulated by international law (protection of individual rights; the right of parties to choose means and methods of war; prohibition of the use of weapons capable of causing unlawful destruction or excessive suffering to people; the need for respect and protection of the rights of the wounded, sick, prisoners and civilians; a ban on attacks on objects on which the survival of the civilian population depends; any types of torture and ill-treatment of people, hostage-taking, etc.), then modern information-psychological wars are conducted in the complete absence compliance with international legal (which have not yet been developed) and moral and ethical standards.

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