Влияние гипертермии и экзогенной салициловой кислоты на экспрессию генов PR-белков (b-1,3-глюканазы, хитиназы) и активность ферментов защитного ответа в растениях ячменя при гельминтоспориозе

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Abstract

Effect of hyperthermia and exogenous salicylic acid on expression of pr-protein genes (b-1,3-glucanase, chitinase) and activity of enzymes of protective response in barley plants under helminthosporiosis

L. V. Pashkevich, T. G. Kuryanchik, L. F. Kabashnikova

Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (Minsk, Belarus)

The effect of short-term hyperthermia (40°C, 3 h) and exogenous salicylic acid (SA, 10^-4 M) on the expression of genes of two hydrolases: P-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.39) and chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14), related to proteins of protective response, in seedlings of spring barley infected with the hemibiotrophic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Schoem. was studied. It was found that the response of barley plants to two types of treatment included an increase in the expression of p-1,3-glucanase and chitinase genes in 72 h after inoculation with the pathogen and exceeded the indices of their transcriptional activity in infected plants without processing. Under these conditions, an increase in the activity of other components of plant defense response during pathogenesis was also observed, namely, membrane NADPH oxidase (Rboh, EC 1.6.3.1) and /.-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.1.3.5). Thus, heat treatment, as well as exogenous salicylate, can be considered as inducers of a protective mechanism that increases plant resistance to fungal infection by activation the expression of genes of p-1,3-glucanase and chitinase and increasing the activity of protective proteins (NADPH oxidase and PAL).

Key words: Hordeum vulgare, Bipolaris sorokiniana, salicylic acid, hyperthermia, в-1,3glucanase, chitinase, L-phenylalanine ammonialyase, NADPH oxidase, reactive oxygen species

Анотація

Вплив гіпертермії та екзогенної саліцилової кислоти на експресію генів PR-білків (в-1,3-глюканази, хітинази) активність ферментів захисної відповіді у рослин ячменю при гельмінтоспоріозі

Л. В. Пашкевич, Т. Г. Кур'янчик, Л. Ф. Кабашникова

Інститут біофізики і клітинної інженерії Національної академії наук Білорусі (Мінськ, Білорусь)

Вивчено вплив короткочасної гіпертермії (40°С, 3 год) і екзогенної саліцилової кислоти (СК, 10^-4 М) на експресію генів двох гідролаз: в-1,3-глюканази (КФ 3.2.1.39) і хітинази (КФ 3.2.1.14 ), що належать до білків захисної відповіді, в інфікованих гемібіотрофним грибом Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Schoem. у проростках ярого ячменю. Встановлено, що відповідь рослин ячменю на два види впливу виявлялася у збільшенні експресії генів в-1,3-глюканази і хітинази через 72 год після інокуляції патогеном і перевищувала показники їх транскрипційної активності в інфікованих рослинах без обробок. У цих умовах спостерігалося також підвищення активності інших компонентів захисної відповіді рослин при патогенезі мембранної НАДФН-оксидази (Rboh, КФ 1.6.3.1) і L-фенілаланінамонійліази (ФАЛ, КФ 4.1.3.5). Таким чином, вплив високої температури, як і екзогенного саліцилату, можуть розглядатися як індуктори захисного механізму, що підвищує стійкість рослин до грибного інфікування шляхом активації експресії генів в-1,3-глюканази і хітинази та підвищення активності захисних білків (НАДФН-оксидази і ФАЛ).

Ключові слова: Hordeum vulgare, Bipolaris sorokiniana, саліцилова кислота, гіпертермія, в-1,3-глюканаза, хітиназа, L-фенілаланінаммонійліаза, НАДФН-оксидаза, активні форми кисню

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