"The sacrificed army" - the hungarian 2nd army between memory and history
Examined the genesis and underlying causes of the decision to send the 2nd Army to the Eastern front. Consideration and characteristic the interpretations of the defeat in January 1943. Analyse content and features of the interpretations of two orders.
| Рубрика | История и исторические личности |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 06.08.2023 |
| Размер файла | 478,1 K |
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69. HL IV.71. 337. box, The court martial of the IV Corps H 47/1942; IV. Court martials during the Second World War 19. box, HL IV. The court martial of the 13rd Light Division H 95/1942, H 96/1942.
70. Szabo. Keleti front, nyugati fogsag. 254.
71. Major General Kovacs' phone call with Colonel Jeno Sarkany, the chief of staff of the III Corps. HL II. 1453. 12. box 8. 2nd Army War diary, app. No. 180. Major General Kovacs' phone calls on 15 January 1943.
72. Major General Kovacs' phone call with Major G6za Bodiczky, the operations section chief of IV Corps. HL II. 1453. 12. box 9. 2nd Army War diary, app. No. 180. Major General Kovacs' phone calls on 15 January 1943.
73. HL II. 1453. 12. box 77. 2nd Army War diary, app. No. 212. 259/2.hds.I.a.43.I.18.sz. The order to the organisation of the troops in the Oskol River Valley; 103. 2nd Army War diary, app. No. 244. 284/2.hds.I.a.43.I.22.sz. The reorganisation of the Hungarian Army in the rear area.
74. HL II. 1453. 29. box 37/23.gy.epk.43.I.9. Defend measures, 9 January 1943.
75. E. g. 54/III Battalion: Ungvary, A magyar honvedseg, 192.; 35th Infantry Regiment: HL II. 1453. 22. box 69. 35th Infantry Regiment's action report.
76. Major General Kovacs' phone call with Colonel Jeno Sarkany, the chief of staff of the III Corps. HL II. 1453. 12. box 8. 2nd Army War diary, app. No. 180. Major General Kovacs' phone calls on 15 January 1943.
77. 588./M. hdm. 1. vkf.-1941. The order of the Chief of the Honved General Staff, 17 August 1942. Szabo, Don-kanyar, 364.
78. Szombathelyi's memorandum to Miklos Horthy, 12. February 1943. Raffai, Tal, Hol vannak a katonak, 330.
79. The brief summary: Ungvary. A magyar honvedseg. 199-203.
80. During my research work, I have not found a document about the number of executed soldiers yet.
81. Stomm Marcel was promoted to lieutenant general on 1 February 1943, but he signed the analyzed order still as major general.
82. Stomm M. Emlekiratok. Budapest: Pallas, 1990. P.133-134.
83. About the III Corps' combats in January 1943: Szabo P. A magyar 2. hadsereg III. hadtestenek, vedelmi harctevekenysege es visszavonulasa, 1943. januar 15.-februar 15. Had- tortenelmi Kozlemenyek 105. 1992. No. 1 (March). P.111--131.
84. Perjes G. Aldozatok es hosok. Szabo Peter Don-kanyar dmh konyverol. Hadtorte- nelmi Kozlemenyek 108. 1995. No. 2 (June). P.71.
85. HL II. 1453. 29. box, 65. The summary report about the combats of the 20th Light Division.
86. HL II. 1453. 21. box, Colonel Zoltan Farkas' report about the combats of the 22th Infantry Regiment (13 January - 14 February 1943), 22.
87. Kornis P. A Voronyezsi Front tamado hadmhveletenek elokeszhese a nemet „B” had- seregcsoport deli szarnyanak (2. magyar hadsereg, 8. olasz hadsereg reszei) szetzuzasara (1943 januar). Hadtortenelmi Kozlemenyek 29. 1982. No. 3. P.445.
88. HL II. 1453. 11. box Daily situation reports of the Hungarian 2ndArmy.
References
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8. Dombrady, L. (2011). Emlekezes egy negyedszazad elotti Kronikara. A magyar 2. hadsereg katonainak vallomasa az 1943. januari harcokrol es a torteneti realitas. Hadtortenelmi Kozlemenyek, 2, 546-564 [in Hungarian].
9. Foris, A. (2014). A magyar 2. hadsereg megszallo tevekenysege a Szovjetunioban - Adalekok a magyar partizanellenes politikahoz a keleti fronton. Haboruk es bekekotesek a 18-20. szazadi orosz-szovjet tortenelemben. Konferenciakotet. Pecs: MOSZT [in Hungarian].
10. Foris, A. (2015). A Szovjetunio elleni haboru kepe a haboru utani felelossegre vonas- ban. Haboruk es bekek: hagyomany es megujulas a szlav nepek tortenelmeben es kulturajaban V.: a 2015-os tudomanyosfelolvasoules anyaga. Szombathely: Szlav Torteneti es Filologiai Tarsasag [in Hungarian].
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12. Horvath, M. (Eds.). (1959). A 2. magyar hadsereg megsemmisulese a Donnal. Budapest: Znnyi [in Hungarian].
13. Joo, A. (Eds). (2007). „...a haboru szolgalataban” Foszerkesztoi ertekezletek 1942. szeptember 22.-1943. augusztus 25. Budapest: Napvilag-MIT [in Hungarian].
14. Kadar, G. (1978). A Ludovikatol Sopronkohidaig. (Vol. 2). Budapest: Magveto [in Hungarian].
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16. Kepviselohazi naplo, 1939. (1942). (Vo.16). Budapest: Athenaeum [in Hungarian].
17. Kornis, P. (1982). A Voronyezsi Front osztrogozsszk-rosszosi tamado hadmuvelete a 2. magyar hadsereg IV. es VII. hadtestenek megsemmisftesere (1943. januar 13-17.). Had- tortenelmi Kozlemenyek, 4, 585-614 [in Hungarian].
18. Koselleck, R. (1999). Die Diskontinuitat der Erinnerung. Deutsche Zeitschrift Fur Philosophie, 2, 213-222 [in German].
19. Lajtos, A. (1989). Emlekezes a magyar 2. hadseregre 1942-1943. Budapest: Znnyi [in Hungarian].
20. Molnar, A., & Szabo, P. (Eds). (2017). Utovedkent a Donnal Volume 3. Ujabb doku- mentumok a 9. konnyu hadosztaly tortenetehez 1942-1943. Zalaegerszeg: Magyar Nemzeti Leveltar Zala Megyei Leveltar [in Hungarian].
21. Nemeskurty, I. (1972). Requiem egy hadseregert. Budapest: Magveto [in Hungarian].
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26. Perjes, G. (1995). Aldozatok es hosok. Szabo Peter Don-kanyar dmb konyverol. Hadtortenelmi Kozlemenyek, 2, 67-77 [in Hungarian].
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39. Szakaly, S. (Eds). (1981). Harom dokumentum a 2. magyar hadsereg doni katasztrofajarol. Hadtortenelmi Kozlemenyek, 4, 638-642 [in Hungarian].
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Appendices
Appendix I
Appendix II
Temperature data during the battles in January 1943
|
The daily report of the main staff of the Voronezh Front87 |
The daily reports of the Hungarian 2nd Army88 |
|||
|
10:00 |
22:00 |
|||
|
13 January 1943 |
-20 - -25 |
-16 |
||
|
14 January 1943 |
-20 - -25 |
-18 - -21 |
-24 |
|
|
15 January 1943 |
-20 - -25 |
-17 - -19 |
-33 |
|
|
16 January 1943 |
-23 - -29 |
-20 - -26 |
-32 |
|
|
17 January 1943 |
-19 - -25 |
-32 |
||
|
18 January 1943 |
-18 - -23 |
-36 |
||
|
19 January 1943 |
-14 - -17 |
-14 - -16 |
-19 |
|
|
20 January 1943 |
-15 - -17 |
-12 - -15 |
- |
|
|
21 January 1943 |
-12 - -17 |
-8 - -11 |
-23 |
|
|
22 January 1943 |
-12 - -15 |
-19 - -21 |
-19 |
|
|
23 January 1943 |
-15 - -23 |
-7 - -12 |
appr. 0 |
|
|
24 January 1943 |
-6 - -7 |
-16 - -20 |
-18 |
|
|
25 January 1943 |
-21 - -26 |
-16 - -23 |
- |
|
|
26 January 1943 |
-19 - -22 |
-16 - -19 |
- |
|
|
27 January 1943 |
-22 - -28 |
-14 - -19 |
-18 |
|
|
28 January 1943 |
- |
-18 - -22 |
-12 |
|
|
29 January 1943 |
-18 - -23 |
-13 - -18 |
-9 |
|
|
30 January 1943 |
- |
-10 - -15 |
-5 |
|
|
31 January 1943 |
-9 - -13 |
- |
-8 |
* I would like to thank Adam Gellert for providing useful insights and refining the text.
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