"Twins in spite of themselves": Spanish and Ottoman Empires’ issues of decline in XVIIIth century
A study of features of the socio-political and economic life of the Spanish and Ottoman Empires, which in a comparative aspect were identical or similar in content. Social and economic causes of empires and the reasons that led to their decline.
| Рубрика | История и исторические личности |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 26.06.2023 |
| Размер файла | 773,7 K |
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Appendix 1: “Too much related” - same problems same path and same results
|
Criteria |
Spanish Empire |
Ottoman Empire |
|
|
Lack of industrialization (production with high surplus value) |
1797 - 11,5 millions in mainland Spain, 13% working in industry/ secondary sector (1,5 million), first cottonspinning machine in Barcelona (1737), 1765 - “Jenny” machine firstly introduced, 1791 - water frame, 1803 - Crompton machine [61, p. 383-384]. |
Ottoman industrialization was no match in design and process with European one, it rather appeared as a complex pattern with rising and falling, export was not encouraged but rather cutralide by prohibition quotas, imp[ort on the other hand was fostered and facilitated [62, p. 59-60]. |
|
|
Hush and nonprofitable incorporation of Ottoman and Spanish Empires into World- Economy |
Spanish protectionism policy interlinked with its foreign trade gave disastrous results combined with poor rate of manufacturing easily traced in examples of Latin America trade (where only Spanish ships and merchants could trade but within Latin America and ban for industry and intercontinental trade was ruined by debatable Bourbon reforms [63, p. 35]. |
Due to WSA research Ottomans were incorporated during 1750 to 1856, as Trade Treaty of 1838 and later 1844 marked the end of incorporation of ottoman economics into European trends (subjugated by primarily Great Britain and lesser by France) [64, p. 150-151, 68]. |
Appendix 2: From superpowers to dust (due to WSA route of Spanish and Ottoman Empires from Center to Periphery)
World-system of XVI century World-system of XVIII century
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